Murat Eyvaz

Treatment of winery wastewater by electrocoagulation process

Abstract Winery wastewater treatment by electrocoagulation (EC) process using aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) electrodes was investigated. The effects of operational parameters such as initial pH, current density and electrolysis time were investigated separately. Chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity and color were used to measure the treatment efficiency. Electrode consumptions were calculated per m3 of wastewater. Amount of sludge produced by EC was also reported per m3 of wastewater. The optimum operating conditions were defined due to the initial pH, applied current density and operating time for Fe and Al electrodes. Maximum removal efficiencies were found at pH 7 for Fe electrode and pH 5.2 for Al electrode with current density of 300 A/m2 for both electrodes and with an operating time of 90 min and 120 min for Fe and Al electrodes, respectively. The removal efficiencies were found as 46.6% (COD), 80.3% (color) and 92.3% (turbidity) for Fe electrode while they were 48.5% for COD, 97.2% for color and ...

A Review of State-of-the-Art Technologies in Dye-Containing Wastewater Treatment – The Textile Industry Case

Recently, new single or hybrid/combined processes have attracted much attention for treatment of textile and dyeing wastewaters. These processes which may be termed as “state of the art technologies” are membrane separation processes, ultra‐ sonic, photochemical and electrochemical processes. Although the conventional methods still have been tried with some new materials such as, new adsorbents or coagulants, employing the new generation methods such as, electrocagulation-elec‐ trooxidation, sonooxidation or photo oxidation are gaining in popularity when the treatment of textile wastewaters is discussed. The purpose of the book chapter is to bring an overview on the new treatment methods for textile wastewaters, one of the most important source of environmental pollution. Despite the fact that there is no uniform standard currently, many countries have legalized some strict discharging standards and scientists and researchers face new technologies including electrical, sonic, magnetic, optical and thermal methods. Although many researches on treat‐ ment of synthetic or real wastewaters with various methods are available, very few researches have been carried out on the cutting-edge technologies. Moreover, there are a lot of review article or book chapters on textile wastewater treatment process‐ es individually based on each conventional process such as coagulation, adsorption, chemical oxidation, and biological decolorization. Therefore, in this part of the book, following major and minor titles are stated truly on the aforementioned new technologies. Besides, these parts are not only about cutting-edge technologies, but also related with conventional methods and their new applications in colored wastewater treatment area briefly.

Recent developments in forward osmosis membrane bioreactors: a comprehensive review

AbstractForward osmosis or osmotic membrane bioreactor (FOMBR) has attracted great attention for wastewater treatment and reuse since conceptually introduced as a process. It has been proposed to reduce the high energy consumption in the conventional MBR, has lower membrane fouling propensity, and produce higher quality water. Moreover, RO process can be used after FOMBR to reconcentrate the diluted DS to be used for FO again. Besides significant advantages, when compared to conventional MBRs; lower water flux, concentration polarization, and salt accumulation because of high retention of FO in the bioreactor still remains as major drawbacks and challenges of FOMBR systems that need to be solved. In the last few years, many advances in development of FOMBR are stated to overcome the drawbacks of the system. The researches focused on manufacturing of high performance FO membranes and orientation, utilizing various different draw solutions providing required osmotic pressure and minimum reverse salt flux, a...

Preventing of Cathode Passivation/Deposition in Electrochemical Treatment Methods – A Case Study on Winery Wastewater with Electrocoagulation

Electrochemical methods and processes have been applied for many years in environmental applications such as water/wastewater treatment, recovery of metals, electroplating and qualitative/quantitative analysis in various aqueous media. Among these processes, electro‐ coagulation (EC) has gained many interest due to providing simple, reliable and cost effective operation for the treatment of wastewaters without and need for additional chemicals, and thus the secondary pollution. EC is declared an environment-friendly technique since the ‘electron’ is the main reagent and does not require addition of the reagents/chemicals. This will minimize the sludge generation to a great extent and eventually eliminate some of the harmful chemicals used as coagulants in the conventional effluent treatment methods. EC process can effectively destabilize small colloidal particles and generates lower quantity of sludge compared to other processes [1]. This technique uses a direct current (DC) source between metal electrodes immersed in polluted water [2]. In this method, soluble metal electrodes (such as iron and aluminium mostly) form metal hydroxides when subjected to a suitable current. The metal hydroxides act as coagulants and lead to the removal of various contaminants [3]. The pros and cons of the EC are tabulated in Table 1

Treatment of Brewery Wastewater with Electrocoagulation: Improving the Process Performance by Using Alternating Pulse Current

The main aim of this study is to investigate the technical and economic feasibility of electrocoagulation process on the treatment of brewing industry effluents. Effects of current type on process performance were also stated with a batch operated electrocoagulation reactor including four plate electrodes. Two electrode materials, Fe and Al, were separately employed in parallel connection. A low-moderate strength brewery wastewater was selected as wastewater and model electrolyte solution. Direct current power supply with an adjustable time relay by which rectangular wave was produced was combined with sacrificial electrodes. Performance of the electrocoagulation process was analyzed in terms of operating parameters such as, pH, current density, operating time, electrode material, and current type with removal efficiencies, only some of which were presented in figures and others were given in tables due to the numbers of parameters. Both electrode materials exposed similar pollutant removal performances while Al electrode was found cost effective one. However, alternating pulse current was found superior to direct current, namely, it provided higher removal rates in shorter operating times.

An experimental investigation on the hydraulic behavior of declining rate filtration

ABSTRACT Hydraulic behavior of declining rate filtration (DRF) was investigated by means of pilot-scale experiments. A bank of four declining rate filters was constructed and operated. The common water level in the filters, individual filter velocities, and head losses in the filters were carefully monitored and recorded as functions of time. Many of the previous studies on DRF employed either a single average filtration velocity or a single coagulant dosage. In this study, however, filter runs were repeated treating the same water at several different filtration rates and coagulant dosages. Using such an experimental matrix of several different rates and coagulant dosages allowed an evaluation of the behavior of the declining rate filtration system under different operating conditions and the effects of the mentioned variables on various hydraulic characteristics of the DRF system. The validity of certain simplifying assumptions used in design calculations was also tested in these experiments. It is beli...