Mutasim Nour

Fuzzy logic control vs. conventional PID control of an inverted pendulum robot

This paper addresses some of the potential benefits of using fuzzy logic controllers to control an inverted pendulum system. The stages of the development of a fuzzy logic controller using a four input Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model were presented. The main idea of this paper is to implement and optimize fuzzy logic control algorithms in order to balance the inverted pendulum and at the same time reducing the computational time of the controller. In this work, the inverted pendulum system was modeled and constructed using Simulink and the performance of the proposed fuzzy logic controller is compared to the more commonly used PID controller through simulations using Matlab. Simulation results show that the fuzzy logic controllers are far more superior compared to PID controllers in terms of overshoot, settling time and response to parameter changes.

Hybrid Model Reference Adaptive Speed Control for Vector Controlled Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive

This paper investigates new form of a hybrid model reference adaptive speed control (HMRASC) for vector controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive. In the proposed scheme, a direct fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is employed as the main controller, and model reference based proportional integral (PI) controller as the adaptation controller. The design and optimization of the FLC and the adaptation mechanism are presented. The efficiency and performance of the HMRASC is examined, by simulation at different operating conditions. The operating conditions studied include various step speed commands from standstill with nominal and changes in motor parameters and load torque. The results obtained are evaluated and compared with direct FLC without the adaptation mechanism. The results achieved show the superior of HMRASC over direct FLC especially for load disturbances and load inertia variations

Assessment and comparison of conventional motor starters and modern power electronic drives for induction motor starting characteristics

Induction motor is the workhouse of industry and particular attention is required to monitor and control it. An induction motor draws a high starting current and develops a high torque during start-up. The high starting current often causes problem such as voltage dips which will be penalized by the energy companies. Various motor starters were introduced to overcome this problem. The different motors starters available in Malaysian market are discussed and analyzed in this paper; these include both conventional electromechanical starters and power electronic drives. The advantages, disadvantages and energy saving features of each type of starter mentioned will also be discussed. An analysis of the industrial applications and the demand of these starters in Malaysia are also made and to finally conclude, this paper will also provide a suggestion of which starter is most suitable for an application based on the stated constraints.

Investigation of voltage and frequency variation on induction motor core and copper losses

This paper presents a dynamic induction motor (IM) model which incorporates all the power losses. The presented module is entirely built in Simulink to investigate the effect of varying the applied voltage and frequency on IM efficiency for different load applications. The model includes the power losses such as copper losses, core losses, stray load and mechanical. The accurate determination of induction motor efficiency depends on the estimation of all above mentioned power losses which are modeled and presented in this paper. The effect of variation in applied voltage and frequency on induction motor efficiency is investigated at various load conditions and the results are tabulated and evaluated accordingly. The obtained results show that the efficiency of the IM is significantly affected by the voltage and frequency levels especially at low load. Therefore matching the right applied voltage and frequency to the motor terminal based on the load condition will reduce the motor losses and hence increase its efficiency.

Impact of PV and wind penetration into a distribution network using Etap

According to IRENA the number of countries adopted a target to ratify the renewable energy on their electricity grid went from 43 countries to 164 over a course of 10 years only. These targets which will increase renewable energy share on the electricity grid, implies the use of Distributed Generation (DG) like roof-top PV panels or the construction of small scale dispersed renewable-based power plant like wind or PV farms. The aim of this paper is to study the impacts of high PV and wind penetration into the grid. To address these impacts, a comprehensive study performed on a test system provided by IEEE to model the integration of DG plants into a 33kV distribution network using Etap software. Three levels of integration were modeled to reflect the impact of DG plants penetration on gradual basis, 6 scenarios have been assumed and two types of tests have been carried out to investigate their impact on the grid; fault level and frequency transient stability were performed individually at each level of penetration. Additionally, in order to examine the grid performance during extreme weather conditions, several events have been assumed to model the intermittent properties of renewable energy generation. The obtained results showed very good performance of the grid for penetration less than 30% while higher level of PV and wind penetration requires further attention and modification on the grid side.

Energy Recovery from Low Speed Winds

This paper presents a renewable energy model which combines the concepts of wind pumps, pumped hydro and micro hydroelectricity. The proposed model recovers energy from low speed winds and eliminates the requirement of energy storage in batteries or grid connection. After establishing the suitability of the model theoretically, workable models are visualized using commercially available components. Two designs based on this model are studied for their performance, and resultant data has been critically analyzed to establish the trend and their commercial feasibility. One of the two designs studied is a standalone tower that can feed a house or a small villa, which also can be installed at any point of need. The second design is building integrated where the system components are mounted on a building. Theoretical findings are validated by simulating through software, MATLAB. The obtained results showed the superiority of the proposed model over the conventional three blade wind turbines for wind speed less than 6 m/s.

Overview of Water Energy Nexus of Abu Dhabi’s Power Sector-Energy Water Analysis of End Use Segment

Energy and water are closely linked and dependent resources where energy production requires a large amount of water and in contrast huge amount of energy is needed to extract, treat, desalinate, transport and distribute water. Abu Dhabi provides a strong example of the interconnection between energy and water, where the majority of its electricity and water demand is jointly produced from cogeneration plants. The total cost of fuel used for cogeneration plants are heavily depending on the efficiency level of end-use energy and water consumption. Buildings are the major electricity and water consumers in Abu Dhabi, with 84.6 and 92.2 % respectively from the entire demand. In the case of Abu Dhabi; adopting the Estidama pearl rating system for all new constructed buildings will reduce water and energy consumption by considerable amounts. The aim of this study is to analyze the energy and water consumption reduction by implementing Estidama regulations and compare it with Business as Usual—the normal execution of things as they always do—for three sample buildings (villa, multistory residential and office building). The results of energy simulation and water analysis of the chosen buildings showed a potential of electricity reduction between 31 and 38 % and a potential of water reduction between 22 and 36 % depending on building type and other parameters. Also, a total monitory savings of 19 Billion AED can be achieved accumulatively over 10 years period (2011–2020) after Estidama regulations have been applied. In addition, 31.4 Million ton of CO2eq cumulatively can be abated.

Improvements on the high frequency signal injection method for permanent magnet synchronous motors and its application in the hybrid drive position control

This paper presents a hybrid rotor position estimation for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) over wide speed range. At zero and low speeds, a rotor position error compensation scheme is proposed to improve the performance of high frequency signal injection method. This includes the incorporation of system modeling and Kalman filtering to improve the estimation performance during transient. At medium and high speeds, a novel yet simple approach called direct scaling is presented to estimate the rotor position. The two methods are combined in a hybrid scheme and implemented for position control of PMSM drive. Simulation results demonstrate the improvements in the high frequency signal injection method during steady state and transient conditions. The performance of the hybrid sensorless motor drive for wide speed range is also tested via simulations. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed methods over the entire speed range.