Myong-Shik Cho

One-pot synthesis of poly(alkoxysilane)s by SiSi/SiO dehydrocoupling of silanes with alcohols using Group IV and VIII metallocene complexes

Abstract SiSi/SiO dehydrocoupling reactions of silanes with alcohols (1:1.5 mole ratio), catalyzed by Cp 2 MCl 2 /Red-Al (M=Ti, Zr) and Cp 2 M′ (M′=Co, Ni), produced poly(alkoxysilane)s in one-pot in high yield. The silanes included p -XC 6 H 4 SiH 3 (X=H, CH 3 , OCH 3 , F), PhCH 2 SiH 3 , and (PhSiH 2 ) 2 . The alcohols were MeOH, EtOH, i PrOH, PhOH, and CF 3 (CF 2 ) 2 CH 2 OH. The weight average molecular weight of the poly(alkoxysilane)s ranged from 600 to 8000. The dehydrocoupling reactions of phenylsilane with ethanol (1:1.5 mole ratio) using Cp 2 HfCl 2 /Red-Al and phenylsilane with ethanol (1:3 mole ratio) using Cp 2 TiCl 2 /Red-Al gave only triethoxyphenylsilane as product.

The effect of a Foley catheter balloon on cervical ripening

The Foley catheter balloon may affect cervical ripening through changes in biochemical mediators by immunoassay and immunohistochemistry, when it is used for pre-induction cervical ripening. The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in the biochemical mediators from the extra-amniotic space and immunohistochemistry in ripened cervical tissue after the insertion of a Foley catheter balloon (FCB) for pre-induction cervical ripening. A total of 18 pregnant women with a Bishops score < 6, who were undergoing labour induction, were evaluated in this prospective study. The FCB was irrigated with 10 ml of phosphate buffered saline and the irrigant was collected 0, 2, 4 and 8 h after placement of the FCB or until spontaneous expulsion of the FCB occurred. Irrigant specimens were also collected from 10 spontaneous labouring (SL) women in the active phase of labour. The levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 and NO were measured. Cervical specimens were obtained from 12 women, including four undergoing induction; four SL and four non-pregnant (NP) women. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to localise hyaluronic acid synthase (HAS)-1, IL-6, IL-8, MMP-8, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS). Results showed that the levels of IL-6, IL-8, and MMP-8 significantly increased over time in FCB group (p < 0.01). In the immunohistochemical analysis of cervical tissues, immunoreactivity of HAS-1 in the after FCB group was stronger than any of the other groups. The protein expressions of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-8, eNOS and iNOS were more prominent in the after FCB and SL groups than in the NP and the before FCB groups. iNOS was only observed in the after FCB and SL groups. It was concluded that FCB may affect cervical ripening through changes in biochemical mediators by immunoassay and immunohistochemistry, when it is used for pre-induction cervical ripening.

Comparison of the clinical and quality-of-life outcomes after the inside-out TVT-O procedure with or without concomitant transvaginal gynaecological surgery

The study was undertaken to compare the clinical and quality-of-life (QoL) outcomes of the inside-out transobturator vaginal tape (TVT-O)-only procedures and TVT-O procedures with concomitant transvaginal gynaecological surgery for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). A review of charts from January 2006 to March 2010 identified 305 patients with urodynamic stress incontinence for whom we performed the TVT-O. Of the initial 305 patients, 272 (89.2%) were re-examined for complications 1 month, 4 months, 1 year and 2–4 years postoperatively (122 TVT-O only; 150 TVT-O + other transvaginal gynaecological surgery). They were also evaluated with the Urogenital Distress Inventory Questionnaire (UDI-6) and the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7) 1–4 years after the procedure. The median follow-up was 37.3 months. The success rate was 89.3% in the TVT-O-only group vs 93.3% in the TVT-O with concomitant gynaecological surgery group (p =0.729). The QoL score was quite good for 91.8% of the TVT-O-only patients and for 96.7% of the TVT-O with concomitant gynaecologic surgery patients (p =0.405). In conclusion, gynaecological operations performed concomitantly with the TVT-O procedure do not affect the clinical and QoL outcomes of the TVT-O procedure.

PP177. The usefulness of gestation-corrected hyperuricemia as a predictor of the development of preeclampsia on subsequent pregnancy.

INTRODUCTION Hyperuricemia has been described commonly in preeclamptic pregnancies, often preceding the diagnosis of preeclampsia and historically was used as a diagnostic marker of preeclampsia. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of uric acid to predict the preeclampsia on subsequent pregnancy. METHODS The retrospective chart review was done. The pregnant women who had previous preeclampia or gestational hypertension and checked serum uric acid were enrolled in this study. Fifty-eight women were collected. Hyperuricemia was defined as being one standard deviation above the gestation-specific mean . And we used uric acid z-scores ([serum uric acid value - gestation specific mean]/standard deviation of the population) to account for gestation-specific alterations in uric acid and tested this as a continuous variable. Linear regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between gestation-corrected hyperuricemia and development of preeclampsia on subsequent pregnancy. RESULTS Of 58 women, nineteen had the development of recurrent preeclampsia (37.5%). Linear regression analysis showed that the absence or presence of gestation-corrected hyperuricemia was not associated with the development of preeclampsia on subsequent pregnancy (p=0.353, 95% CI 0.418-11.520). And gestation-specific uric acid z-score as a continuous variable did not show any association with the prediction of preeclampsia on subsequent pregnancy (p=0.353, 95% CI 0.087-2.394). CONCLUSION Gestation-corrected hyperuricemia does not predict the development of preeclampsia on subsequent pregnancy.

Dry sol-gel condensation of p-X-C6H4SiH3 (X = H, CH3, CH3O, F, Cl) to organosilica p-X-C6H4SiO3 using nickelocene.

The dry sol-gel reaction at toluene in ambient air atmosphere of p-X-C6H4SiH3 (X = H, CH3, CH3O, F, Cl) to p-C6H4SiO3 in high yield, catalyzed by nickelocene, is reported. The highest yield, molecular weight, polydispersity index, and TGA residue yield were obtained for p-Cl-C6H4SiH3. Some degree of unreacted Si-H bonds still remained in the gel because of steric reason. All the insoluble gels adopt an amorphous structure with a smooth surface. A plausible mechanism for the dry sol-gel reaction was suggested.