Myungchul Kim

Formal Techniques for Networked and Distributed Systems: FORTE 2001

This book presents the latest worldwide results in theory and practice of formal techniques for networked and distributed systems. The theme of the book is addressed by specialized papers in the following areas: Formal Methods in Software Development, Process Algebra, Timed Automata, Theories and Applications of Verification, Distributed Systems Testing, Test Sequence Derivation. In addition, the last part of the book contains special contributions by leading researchers in the above areas to add breadth and give more perspectives to the results. This volume contains the selected proceedings of the International Conference on Formal Techniques for Networked and Distributed Systems (Forte 2001), which was sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (Ifip) and held in Cheju Island, Korea in August 2001. Forte 2001 combines two prestigious conferences, Forte (Formal Description Techniques for Distributed Systems and Communication Protocols) and Pstv (Protocol Specification Testing and Verification), and has more than 20 years of history. Formal Techniques for Networked and Distributed Systems will be essential reading for researchers and engineers working in the fields of communications, test equipment R&D, and telecommunications, as well as to software engineering tool developers.KEYNOTE SPEECHES.- Ranking Abstraction as Companion to Predicate Abstraction.- Developing High Quality Software with Formal Methods: What Else Is Needed?.- A Testing Architecture for Designing High-Reliable MANET Protocols.- REGULAR PAPERS.- A Composition Operator for Systems with Active and Passive Actions.- A Formal Semantics of UML StateCharts by Means of Timed Petri Nets.- A Hierarchy of Implementable MSC Languages.- Combining Static Analysis and Model Checking for Systems Employing Commutative Functions.- Fast Generic Model-Checking for Data-Based Systems.- Logic and Model Checking for Hidden Markov Models.- Proving ??-Calculus Properties with SAT-Based Model Checking.- Ad Hoc Routing Protocol Verification Through Broadcast Abstraction.- Discovering Chatter and Incompleteness in the Datagram Congestion Control Protocol.- Thread Allocation Protocols for Distributed Real-Time and Embedded Systems.- A Petri Net View of Mobility.- Modular Verification of Petri Nets Properties: A Structure-Based Approach.- An Improved Conformance Testing Method.- Resolving Observability Problems in Distributed Test Architectures.- Automatic Generation of Conflict-Free IPsec Policies.- A Framework Based Approach for Formal Modeling and Analysis of Multi-level Attacks in Computer Networks.- Model Checking for Timed Statecharts.- Abstraction-Guided Model Checking Using Symbolic IDA* and Heuristic Synthesis.- Modeling and Verification of Safety-Critical Systems Using Safecharts.- Structure Preserving Data Abstractions for Statecharts.- Amortised Bisimulations.- Proof Methodologies for Behavioural Equivalence in Dpi.- Deriving Non-determinism from Conjunction and Disjunction.- Abstract Operational Semantics for Use Case Maps.- ArchiTRIO: A UML-Compatible Language for Architectural Description and Its Formal Semantics.- Submodule Construction for Extended State Machine Models.- Towards Synchronizing Linear Collaborative Objects with Operational Transformation.- Designing Efficient Fail-Safe Multitolerant Systems.- Hierarchical Decision Diagrams to Exploit Model Structure.- Computing Subgraph Probability of Random Geometric Graphs: Quantitative Analyses of Wireless Ad Hoc Networks.- Formalising Web Services.- From Automata Networks to HMSCs: A Reverse Model Engineering Perspective.- Properties as Processes: Their Specification and Verification.- SHORT PAPERS.- Epoch Distance of the Random Waypoint Model in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks.- Automatic Partitioner for Behavior Level Distributed Logic Simulation.- Expressive Completeness of an Event-Pattern Reactive Programming Language.- Formalizing Interoperability Testing: Quiescence Management and Test Generation.- Formal Description of Mobile IPv6 Protocol.- Incremental Modeling Under Large-Scale Distributed Interaction.- The Inductive Approach to Strand Space.- Compositional Modelling and Verification of IPv6 Mobility.

Link layer sssisted mobility support using SIP for real-time multimedia communications

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) was standardized for real-time applications and extended to support terminal mobility by Internet Expert Task Force (IETF). However, SIP terminal mobility suffers from the considerable handoff latency which is unsuitable for the real-time communications. In this paper, we propose Predictive Address Reservation with SIP (PAR-SIP) which decreases handoff delay by proactively processing the address allocation and session update using link layer information of wireless networks.

Interoperability test suite derivation for communication protocols

Abstract This paper addresses the problem of interoperability testing for communication protocols. We develop a coherent framework of interoperability testing in which the notions of interoperability, interoperability testing, interoperability test case and interoperability test architecture are interrelated and a systematic interoperability test suite derivation method based on the framework. The approach to interoperability testing is illustrated with the example of the ATM Signaling Protocol. To demonstrate practicality of the approach, we implemented executable test suites derived by the method on a commercial ATM test platform, applied them for interoperability testing of various ATM equipment and analyzed the testing results.

Fully automated interoperability test suite derivation for communication protocols

We propose an automatic test derivation method for testing interoperability of communication protocols. It first derives a skeleton test suite for control part through a sort of reachability analysis. Next, it parameterizes each test case. Finally, it completes the test suite by actualizing test cases by assigning values to their parameters. By constructing test case space based on stable states and by basing test case actualization step on orthogonal arrays used in experimental design techniques, state space explosion is avoided. In order to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness, out method is applied to the ATM/B-ISDN signaling protocol and TCP. The application results show that our method surpasses the conventional methods in terms of both test size and coverage.

Dynamic voltage scaling techniques for power efficient video decoding

This paper presents a comparison of power-aware video decoding techniques that utilize dynamic voltage scaling (DVS). These techniques reduce the power consumption of a processor by exploiting high frame variability within a video stream. This is done through scaling of the voltage and frequency of the processor during the video decoding process. However, DVS causes frame deadline misses due to inaccuracies in decoding time predictions and granularity of processor settings used. Four techniques were simulated and compared in terms of power consumption, accuracy, and deadline misses. In addition, this paper proposes the frame-data computation aware (FDCA) technique, which is a useful power-saving technique not only for stored video but also for real-time video applications. The FDCA method is compared with the GOP, Direct, and Dynamic methods, which tend to be more suited for stored video applications. The simulation results indicated that the Dynamic per-frame technique, where the decoding time prediction adapts to the particular video being decoded, provides the most power saving with performance comparable to the ideal case. On the other hand, the FDCA method consumes more power than the Dynamic method but can be used for stored video and real-time time video scenarios without the need for any preprocessing. Our findings also indicate that, in general, DVS improves power savings, but the number of deadline misses also increase as the number of available processor settings increases. More importantly, most of these deadline misses are within 10-20% of the playout interval and thus have minimal affect on video quality. However, video clips with high variability in frame complexities combined with inaccurate decoding time predictions may degrade the video quality. Finally, our results show that a processor with 13 voltage/frequency settings is sufficient to achieve near maximum performance with the experimental environment and the video workloads we have used.

Synthesis of isoindolin-1-ones via palladium-catalyzed intermolecular coupling and heteroannulation between 2-iodobenzoyl chloride and imines

Abstract 2-Iodobenzoyl chloride reacts with an array of imines in acetonitrile–methanol under carbon monoxide pressure in the presence of a catalytic amount of bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) chloride/triphenylphosphine together with triethylamine to afford the corresponding isoindolin-1-ones in moderate yields.

Interoperability Test Suite Derivation for Symmetric Communication Protocols

Communication protocols are commonly designed in such a way that implementations of the same protocol can be used as peers for communication. Such a protocol is said to be symmetric. When two or more entities are employed to perform a certain task as in the case of communication protocols, the capability to do so is called interoperability and considered as the essential aspect of correctness of communicating systems. This paper deals with the problem of deriving interoperability test suite for control part of symmetric protocols. A new approach to efficient interoperability testing is described with justifications and the method of interoperability test suite derivation is shown with the example of the ATM Signaling protocol.

Towards a Formal Framework for Product Line Test Development

Product line test development is more complicated than the conventional test development for a single application. There were numerous research works in the past that address various issues and aspects that arise in product line testing and test development. However, we still lack a coherent framework that can guide product line test development and link various product line development concepts to relevant product line testing concepts. In this paper we provide a basis for a formal framework for product line test development by linking product line development concepts such as feature, variability, product line architecture, component and use case scenario to product line test concepts such as test architecture, variability for test and test scenario and by providing a systematic way for deriving product line tests, adapting product line tests to a specific product and deriving product specific tests.

Isomorphic strategy for processor allocation in k-ary n-cube systems

Due to its topological generality and flexibility, the k-ary n-cube architecture has been actively researched for various applications. However, the processor allocation problem has not been adequately addressed for the k-ary n-cube architecture, even though it has been studied extensively for hypercubes and meshes. The earlier k-ary n-cube allocation schemes based on conventional slice partitioning suffer from internal fragmentation of processors. In contrast, algorithms based on job-based partitioning alleviate the fragmentation problem but require higher time complexity. This paper proposes a new allocation scheme based on isomorphic partitioning, where the processor space is partitioned into higher dimensional isomorphic subcubes. The proposed scheme minimizes the fragmentation problem and is general in the sense that any size request can be supported and the host architecture need not be isomorphic. Extensive simulation study reveals that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms earlier schemes in terms of mean response time for practical size k-ary and n-cube architectures. The simulation results also show that reduction of external fragmentation is more substantial than internal fragmentation with the proposed scheme.

OEFMON: An open evaluation framework for multimedia over networks

As various types of networks are proliferating with greater capacity, the demand for multimedia services, such as videoconferencing, VoIP, and IPTV, over underlying networks has been increasing. This demand has increased the need for an evaluation framework to analyze the quality of such multimedia services and network performances for the related research areas. This article proposes OEFMON, an open framework for evaluating the quality of multimedia transmissions over networks. OEFMON integrates a multimedia module and a network simulator. The major advantages of OEFMON compared to other existing work are support for any number of multimedia codecs, adaptive coding based on network feedback, on-the-fly observation of multimedia transmission, and easy extension for other tools. A couple of case studies are performed to demonstrate the applicability and usefulness of our framework.