N. G. Valiev

Problems with the Use of Pneumatic Screw Pumps to Transport Bulk Cargo

An analysis is made of the performance of pneumatic screw pumps at the Bereznikovsky Soda Plant in order be able to transport light soda along a prescribed route and make use of a new nozzle section to make the pumps’ operation more reliable. Specific recommendations are made to increase the throughput and reliability of pneumatic screw pumps. The expediency of replacing long lines of screw pumps by chamber pumps is also discussed.

Theoretical Studies of the Unloading of Containers in the Pneumatic Transport Systems of Today and Tomorrow

A drive consisting of continuously rotating friction tires is used to force the uninterrupted movement of containers on the loading and unloading sections of a containerized pneumatic transport system. A method is devised to determine the number of containers in the system, and another method is developed to describe the motion of particles of the cargo in order to determine the angular velocity of the containers. A formula is presented to determine the terminal velocity of a continuously moving container train in the transport tube of the system. A tube-based transportation system is proposed for transporting workers from quarry to factory—the pneumatic transport system of tomorrow.

Use of Economic Mineral Hydraulic Mining Technology for Expanding the Raw Material Base for Refractory Manufacture

The problem is considered of including in the raw material base for manufacturing the main refractory products hydraulically mined economic minerals (quartzite, sandstone, refractory clay, kaolin, bauxite, sillimanite, serpentinite, bischofite, etc.). It is noted that the specific nature of hydraulic mining gives rise to the possibility of comprehensive use of natural raw material components and simplified preliminary preparation technology for use within the composition of refractory objects. A mechanized hydraulic device is proposed for mining economic minerals, effective for enriching and classifying sand and clay mixtures in flooded sand, and sand and gravel deposits.

Prerequisites for the Creation of Energy-Conserving Constructions of Tubular Belt Conveyors

A description of different constructions of tubular belt conveyors with spherically shaped rollers is given. Through use of the functional relationships between the tribotechnical assemblies of the conveyors, the energy losses caused by friction and wear of the service elements are determined, their contribution to rolling and sliding friction established, and the significance of each technical and economic criterion of the relative competitive advantage of alternative variants of tubular belt conveyors determined.

The use of tubular belt conveyors for the industrial waste of enterprises

The methods of processing slag of electrolyzers and reverberatory furnaces slag of secondary aluminum production, obtained after extracting aluminum, as well as ash and slag of thermal power plants, hydro plants, waste of ferrous metallurgy in the construction industry are presented in this work. Tubular belt conveyor (TBC) with the use of special expensive tapes, are widely used abroad for moving industrial raw materials. It is also used in Russia (Lebedinsky ore-dressing and processing enterprise and Reftinskaya hydro power). A tape which is rolled in a tube allows to improve the sanitary conditions of labor, to ensure the full safety of cargo, to exclude the harmful effects of aggressive chemical cargoes at the metal of the conveyor, extending its service life. There is an opportunity to convey materials under the angle of 20–25°. The main drawback of TBC, which exist today, is that they are working on an especially patented tape, which is very expensive and it is not produced in Russia. The costs of its replacement are comparable to the price of the pipeline. The Russian customers have already faced this problem. The components are not produced in Russia either, and the cost of their subsequent purchases increases dramatically. The technical parameters of TBC of the Lebedinsky ore-dressing and processing enterprise and the Reftinskaya hydro power, as well as a comparative table on the use of TBC are presented in this work. Lists of the advantages of TBC are also adduced. The characteristic of TBC Contitech are given. The use of modern anti-static and flame retardant polymeric materials in the manufacture of the rollers will allow further progress in solving the issues of safe operation of belt conveyors. Such important parameters as reliability and maintainability were taken into account while constructing these conveyors. The tests to replace the metal clips with the rollers, which are made of anti-static polymers are carried out. This will reduce the weight of the roller to 200-800 g, which will increase its service life and will improve the working conditions in mines and processing plants. The calculation of the contact supporting cylindrical rollers and ball of equal mass and tubular tapes has been carried out. In order to study the feasibility of using balls instead of cylindrical rollers, a comparative evaluation of the contact interaction has been carried out for two cases: cylinder-cylinder and sphere-cylinder bodies of different material. The evaluation has been carried out for the case with the same material as well.

Energy Conservation Technologies in the Use of a Power-Driven Covering Apparatus in Industry

Power-driven covered apparatuses in the production of ceramic articles, vapor-curing chambers for stimulating hardening of concrete, in reclamation of depleted land containing clay materials for use in the construction industry, and in growing farm crops on clay soils are proposed. A description of the structural features of a power-driven covering apparatus is given. The physico-mechanical properties of polymer films and comparative data on their basic properties are presented.

Dust formation and use of rocks dust at industrial sites

The authors identified the sources of dust formation in quarries and risk of dust effect on staff health. This article presents dust properties depending on its fractional composition and possible ways of use of dust in the production: the use as target products; return to the production that generates this type of dust; recycling in another production with obtaining of commercial products; recycling for construction purposes; agricultural use etc. The authors consider possibility of using pulverized coal as a new fuel. According to studies of granulometric composition of fragmented by explosion rocks of various hardness, for each kilogram of explosives during mass explosions gaseous cloud obtains from 80 to 320 g of particulate fraction of up to 20 microns. One can see a presented dust properties, depending on the particle size, and the dependence by definition of the dust and gas atmospheric pollution in the production of massive explosions. The Authors also propose a new all-terrain vehicle with the air bag for collection and transportation of dust-raising bulk materials in the conditions of obstruction on the land, such as in quarries after blasting, excavation, works on movement of the rock mass, and others. This article contains the description and operating principle of the new vehicle, and the main parameters of speed airflow depending on the fractional composition of dust. Authors suggest dependences for differential pressure to create an airbag and the suction line, as well as in the flexible suction conduit, in the intake nozzle, in the filter and expenditure of transported air in the suction line.

A Device for Heat and Humidity Treatment of Air

The design of a device for heat and humidity treatment of air together with a sample calculation of a regenerative heat exchanger is presented and its operation is described. The calculation of the aerodynamic resistance, hydraulic calculation of the flow rate of the water, the dimensions of the injector, and a heat calculation are presented.

Highly Reliable Pneumatic Conveyor that Freely Discharges the Bulk Material Being Transported

The article describes a steeply inclined pneumatic conveyor that transports alumina dust from electrostatic precipitators to the receiving chamber of a rotary kiln in the calcination shop at OAO “BAZ-SUAL”. The dust travels through the conveyor in a cascade motion. New equipment is proposed for the continuous transport of bulk materials and relations are presented for determining the technical parameters of the conveyor.