Nada Matta

Knowledge Management and Organizational Memories

List of Contributors. Preface. Acknowledgements. Part I: Methods for Knowledge Management. 1. Where Will Knowledge Management Take Us? K. Baker. 2. Knowledge Capitalization with a Knowledge Engineering Approach: the Mask Method N. Matta, et al. Part II: Knowledge-based Approaches. 3. Capitalizing and Sharing Know and Know-how: an Approach Based on a Task/Method Knowledge-based System F. Trichet, et al. 4. Integration of Development, Maintenance and Use of Knowledge Bases: Seamless Structured Knowledge Acquisition P. Parpola. Part III: Ontologies and Documents. 5. Maintaining Ontologies with Organisational Memories Y. Kalfoglou. 6. Enabling Workflow-Embedded OM Access with the Decor Toolkit A. Abecker, et al. 7. Knowledge and Business Processes: Approaching an Integration S. Staab, H.-P. Schnurr. 8. SAMOVAR: Using Ontologies and Text-mining for Building and Automobile Project Memory J. Golebiowska, et al. 9. Faq-Centered Organizational Memory S.-H. Wu, et al. Part IV: Case-Based Reasoning Approaches. 10. A Knowledge Management Initiative by UK Local Government I. Watson. 11. Knowledge-Based Project Planning H. Munoz-Avila, et al. Part V: Distributed and Collaborative Approaches. 12. Unifying or Reconciling when Constructing Organizational Memory? Some Open Issues C. Simone. 13. Domain Ontology Agents in Distributed Organizational Memories L. van Elst, A. Abecker. 14. Netexpert: Agent-Based ExpertiseLocation by Means of Social and Knowledge Networks R. Sanguesa, J.M. Pujol. 15. Knowledge Sharing in Distributed Organizations A. Sorli, et al. 16. Sharing and Checking Organization Knowledge Y.H.- Chen-Burger. 17. A Model for the Collaborative Design of Multi Point-of-view Terminological Knowledge Based G. Falquet, C.K. Mottaz Jiang. 18. Building Organizational Memories Using Multi-Dimensional Knowledge Networks T.H. Le, L. Lamontagne. Author Index. Index.

Knowledge Capitalization with a Knowledge Engineering Approach: The Mask Method

Knowledge Management is a global process in the enterprise. It includes all the processes that allow capitalization, sharing and evolution of the Knowledge Capital of the firm, now recognized as a critical resource of the organization. The strategic objective of Knowledge Management is to understand, support, optimise and accelerate those processes, in coherence and cross-fertilization. Knowledge engineering techniques are often used to capitalize knowledge; they must be adapted and evolved considering the main objectives of knowledge management: building and use organizational memory. We study, in this paper, how the knowledge engineering method MASK (Method for Analysing and Structuring Knowledge) considers this evolution.

Dynamic knowledge mapping guided by data mining: Application on Healthcare

The capitalization of know-how, knowledge management, and the control of the constantly growing information mass has become the new strategic challenge for organizations that aim to capture the entire wealth of knowledge (tacit and explicit). Thus, knowledge mapping is a means of (cognitive) navigation to access the resources of the strategic heritage knowledge of an organization. In this paper, we present a new mapping approach based on the Boolean modeling of critical domain knowledge and on the use of different data sources via the data mining technique in order to improve the process of acquiring knowledge explicitly. To evaluate our approach, we have initiated a process of mapping that is guided by machine learning that is artificially operated in the following two stages: data mining and automatic mapping. Data mining is be initially run from an induction of Boolean case studies (explicit). The mapping rules are then used to automatically improve the Boolean model of the mapping of critical knowledge

Review on Application of Data Mining in Product Design and Manufacturing

Implementation of data mining technology in some areas such as banking, finance, marketing, insurance, health care, etc. has given very good results. However, applications of data mining in product design and manufacturing are not as broad as expected and many challenges are still ahead. This work analyzes the reasons for the limitation of data mining application in manufacturing industry and focuses on reviewing the state-of-the-art of the applications of data mining in product design and manufacturing. Some points of views are also discussed and finally this paper is concluded.

Project Memory in Design

Learning from past projects allows designers to avoid past errors and solve problems. A number of methods define techniques to memorize lessons and experiences from projects. We present in this chapter an overview of these methods by emphasizing their main contributions and their critical points.

Conflict management in concurrent engineering: modelling guides

In Concurrent Engineering, several designers (participants) aim at designing a system (artifact), given requirements. Conflict Management in Concurrent Engineering is a complex task in which it is difficult to identify conflicts and to solve them. Reuse of generic components is generally considered as a good help to guide complex task modelling. An overview of our study to define a library of generic components to guide conflict management modelling is presented below. Conflict management methods, proposed in the literature, are classified and associated to each concurrent engineering subtask. This classification provides help to index these methods, considered as generic components in a library.

Multi-layer Crisis Mapping: A Social Media-Based Approach

During the sudden catastrophic events that have occurred in this last decade, social media have proven their importance in the creation and management of ad-hoc crisis communities. These platforms are increasingly used as complementary support tools for conventional crisis management teams. Recent disasters (e.g. Haiti, Australia, Japan, Mexico, etc.) have demonstrated their real potential in providing support to emergency operations for crisis management. However, several questions remain unanswered regarding the efficiency of their usage and especially their integration into the conventional information collection systems (technological sensors, cameras, SMS, etc.) usually used for crisis mapping. This paper aims to present multi-layer crisis mapping using a social media-based approach. We propose a generic step-by-step methodology as an integrated approach that connects a set of needs to a set of appropriate responses. The concept presented in this paper is the need/solution matrix, which plays a key role in the design of a multi-layer crisis map. The paper ends with an experiment with the well-known Twitter microblogging platform.

Making a method of problem solving explicit with MACAO

Abstract This paper synthesizes the experiment carried out during two years with the MACAO knowledge acquisition method within the Sisyphus project. It relates our contribution to the project purpose of clarifying the definition and use of problem-solving methods when acquiring knowledge and designing a knowledge base. The lessons we derive from this work concern the definition, structure, building and use of the problem-solving model in MACAO, as well as the steps in the methodology. Firstly, we present the MACAO methodology, the associated software and its modelling structures. Next, we explain our interpretation of the experts protocol given as an example of problem solving, and we report decisions taken about implicit knowledge. Then, we detail how the expertise is modelled with MACAO and we describe the model. This model is used to simulate the solving of the two problems given as possible inputs to the system to be designed. These cases provide support in explaining the acquisition process. They also prove the importance of an explicit problem-solving method in the model to guide the knowledge acquisition and the system design from the model. Comparing the problem solutions helps to evaluate how the model resists changes, and its behaviour when dealing with conflicting situations. These results highlight limitations in MACAO concerning the knowledge representation structures and the tool supporting the methodology. We finally discuss evolutions aiming at an easier identification and representation of the problem-solving method and at its use for knowledge elicitation and for the system design. We also consider possible extensions of the representation language in order to model the problem solving at different levels of abstraction.

Project situations aggregation to identify cooperative problem solving strategies

The knowledge engineering offers a rational framework allowing a representation of knowledge obtained through the experiences. This technique found a great application in knowledge management and especially to capital ize knowledge. In fact, the rational representation of knowledge allows their exploitation and their re-use. It is a necessary condition to allow a re-use and a knowledge appropriation. The knowledge management must take into account this dimension, since its first concern is to make knowledge persistent, ready to be re-used. In this paper, we study the traces classifications of the design pro ject achievements in order to have a knowledge aggregation and to thus provide a representation of handled knowledge: directives and competences organiza tion as well as negotiation strategies and cooperative problems solving.

Traceability and structuring of cooperative knowledge in design using PLM

Expertise represents important capital in a company. The loss of this kind of knowledge has pushed companies to look for a means to capitalize on it so as to use in the future. In the design domain, many companies usually learn from previous similar experience, the designers develop an existing solution, or try to rework an old solution in order to adapt it to a new requirement. This tendency to reuse old solutions is strengthened by constraints of time, efficiency and search for maximum reliability. Therefore, the importance of the capitalization of design project knowledge is increasing more and more. This paper presents techniques to acquire and represent this type of knowledge in a design project memory, using Product Lifecycle Management platforms.