Nahid-Al Masood

Estimation of maximum wind power penetration level to maintain an adequate frequency response in a power system

Wind energy has an immense potential to play a vital role with conventional energy sources. Therefore, integration of wind power is increasing in many power systems. Unlike synchronous generators, modern wind farms have lack of automatic frequency support capability following a disturbance. Thus, an addition of wind power does impact the frequency response of a power system. Inadequate frequency response may occur due to presence of a large wind generation. This paper proposes a methodology for estimating the maximum wind power penetration level to ensure an adequate frequency response in a power system. Frequency nadir and rate of change of frequency after an outage of the largest generator of a power system are taken into consideration. Impact of two different wind power integration strategies (direct replacement of a synchronous generator with a wind machine and 2/3 de-commitment, 1/3 re-dispatch approach) on the maximum wind power penetration level are investigated. This paper also attempts to identify a system parameter that could most significantly influence a penetration of wind power.

The Anatomy of the 2016 South Australia Blackout: A Catastrophic Event in a High Renewable Network

Over the last decade, many power systems have significantly changed with the proliferation of renewable generation sources, such as wind and solar photovoltaic. Due to their variability and nonsynchronous nature, new challenges and complexities have emerged regarding operational security of modern power systems. The 2016 South Australia (SA) blackout was the first known blackout due to such a high renewable situation. An official report has recently been published to review the causes and provide the corresponding recommendations for improvement of network operation, control, and security. However, there are still a number of critical issues and debates which remain unsolved, such as network bottleneck identification, overvoltage explanation, pole slip concern, frequency dip mystery, and frequency/voltage instability debate. In this paper, based on the reconstruction of the event, these unsettled issues are prudently analyzed to unveil their root causes. In addition, an innovative scheme is proposed to prevent the blackout by identifying the network separation at an early stage. This research will not only further advance the understanding of the 2016 SA blackout, but also will provide valuable guidelines for the management of future renewable-rich networks.

Investigation of Load Frequency Relief From Field Measurements and Its Impact on Contingency Reserve Evaluation

Any mismatch between load and generation (due to a generator or an interconnection trip) is intended to be balanced and stabilized by contingency reserve, which is also known as contingency Frequency Control Ancillary Services (FCAS) requirement. Load Frequency Relief (LFR), which represents the effect of frequency dependent loads on power system frequency excursion, is crucial for correctly evaluating contingency reserve requirement during generation dispatch to ensure an adequate frequency response. Over estimation of LFR can be accountable for less planned reserve during an economic dispatch that may cause undesirable frequency performance. On the other hand, under estimation of LFR can result in an excessive reserve and hence could unnecessarily increase system operational cost. Conventionally, LFR is considered as a fixed quantity during the evaluation of FCAS requirement. However, recent experience in the Australian power grid suggests that such an assumption may lead to an inaccurate outcome. To explore the above issue, this research investigates the LFR using field measurement data, which were captured at different locations of the southern states of Australia (e.g., Tasmania and Victoria). An approach is developed to identify the predominating factors affecting the LFR and subsequently a technique is proposed to appropriately determine contingency FCAS requirement.

Load carrying capability of renewable energy sources of Bangladesh Power System

At the edge of the crisis of conventional sources of energy (example oil, gas, and coal), photovoltaic (PV) cells are often stated as being the most reliable element among the renewable energy sources. However, in recent years PV cells are changing from small isolated systems to large grid-connected power stations. In this new scenario, PV cells will become possible solution to power crisis and its application as additional energy sources in power system based on reliability model will become of utmost importance. This paper presents an effective simulation method of reliability index, load carrying capability (LCC), to analyze the future effect of additional PV cells generator on Bangladesh Power System (BPS). For this reason, generator model, PV cells reliability model and load model are used to analyze the pertinent available generator data and load data of National Load Dispatch Center (NLDC) of BPS for the year of 2012. Furthermore, the effect of different uncertainty of the additional PV cells generation of 500 MW analyzed in the test simulated MATLAB environment is depicted graphically at the end.