Nan Xiang

How to reach haze control targets by air pollutants emission reduction in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of China?

Currently, Haze is one of the greatest environmental problems with serious impacts on human health in China, especially in capital region (Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region). To alleviate this problem, the Chinese government introduced a National Air Pollution Control Action Plan (NAPCAP) with air pollutants reduction targets by 2017. However, there is doubt whether these targets can be achieved once the plan is implemented. In this work, the effectiveness of NAPCAP is analyzed by developing models of the statistical relationship between PM2.5 concentrations and air pollutant emissions (SO2, NOx, smoke and dust), while taking into account wind and neighboring transfer impacts. The model can also identify ways of calculating the intended emission levels in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei area. The results indicate that haze concentration control targets will not be attained by following the NAPCAP, and that the amount of progress needed to meet the targets is unrealistic. A more appropriate approach to reducing air emissions is proposed, which addresses joint regional efforts.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Effectively Utilizing Reclaimed Water to Accomplish Sustainable Development in Tianjin, China

Water shortage and water pollution problems are becoming more and more serious nowadays; it gives rise to the use of reclaimed wastewater as an additional source of water supply and an efficient method of reducing and preventing water pollution. Tianjin is a rapidly growing city in both population and economy while water scarcity is intensifying and water pollution is deteriorating; also reclaimed water reuse in this city has just started. This study aims to find out the potential to realize sustainable development utilizing reclaimed water, and prove the feasibility of local government plan of Tianjin. This study mainly utilizes computer simulation to accomplish the comprehensive evaluation with LINGO programming. The simulation model will forecast the social and economic developing trend of Tianjin with the introduction of developed technology. According to scenarios, this research can give policy-making basis on implementing reclaimed water utilization to realize environment and economic development in Tianjin from 2010 to 2020. Furthermore, it can provide the specific developing plan to establish the sustainable development target, such as construction plan of new sewage plants, financial support, and reclaimed water distribution. Simulation results show that reclaimed water can be effective in saving water resource, reducing water pollutant and improving economic development in the catchment area.

Simulation Model Construction of Comprehensive Evaluation of Groundwater Reasonable and Effectively Utilization in Tokyo, Japan

After 1970s, Japan has established relative laws and regulations to constraint industrial water, building water usage and forbidden unreasonable ground water exploitation which is caused by large amount of groundwater exploitation in 1960s. Such measures solved ground collapse problem on one hand indeed; on the other hand, along with the prevention of ground water exploitation, the groundwater level recovered to the normal level, and the floating power brought by groundwater rising threatened the architecture underground. The claim for groundwater utilization is rising. Also, groundwater has high value and good quality to supply water resource. Therefore, this research aims to construct a comprehensive groundwater exploitation model to clarify the sustainable groundwater utilization and economic, environmental impacts brought by groundwater usage. This new comprehensive model combined optimal groundwater exploitation model, water cycle model and socio-economic model together to practice optimal simulation. Through computer scenarios, we can clearly ensure groundwater utilization amount and method considering the sustainable development. Furthermore, the simulation model can be applied in other regions adjusting by specific characteristics.