Nana Miura Ikari

Uhl's anomaly. Differential diagnosis and indication for cardiac transplantation in an infant

We report the case of an 8-month-old female infant with Uhls anomaly, who underwent successful cardiac transplantation. The clinical findings, complementary laboratory tests, anatomic findings, and differential diagnosis of the anomaly are discussed.

Williams-Beuren syndrome: cardiovascular abnormalities in 20 patients diagnosed with fluorescence in situ hybridization

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the cardiovascular findings and clinical follow-up of patients with Williams-Beuren syndrome. METHODS We studied 20 patients (11 males, mean age at diagnosis: 5.9 years old), assessed for cardiovascular abnormalities with electrocardiography and Doppler echocardiography. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to confirm the diagnosis of the syndrome. RESULTS Elastin gene locus microdeletion was detected in 17 patients (85%) (positive FISH), and in 3 patients deletion was not detected (negative FISH). Sixteen patients with a positive FISH (94%) had congenital cardiovascular disease (mean age at diagnosis: 2,3 years old). We observed isolated (2/16) supravalvular aortic stenosis and supravalvular aortic stenosis associated (11/16) with pulmonary artery stenosis (4/11); mitral valve prolapse (3/11); bicuspid aortic valve (3/11); aortic coarctation (2/11), thickened pulmonary valve (2/11); pulmonary valvular stenosis (1/11); supravalvular pulmonary stenosis (1/11); valvular aortic stenosis (1/11); fixed subaortic stenosis (1/11); pulmonary artery stenosis (2/16) associated with pulmonary valvar stenosis (1/2) and with mitral valve prolapse (1/2); and isolated mitral valve prolapse (1/16). Four patients with severe supravalvular aortic stenosis underwent surgery (mean age: 5.7 years old), and 2 patients had normal pressure gradients (mean follow-up: 8.4 years). CONCLUSION A detailed cardiac evaluation must be performed in all patients with Williams-Beuren syndrome due to the high frequency of cardiovascular abnormalities.

Fontan Operation and the Cavopulmonary Technique. Immediate and Late Results According to the Presence of Atrial Fenestration

OBJECTIVE To compare immediate and late results in patients with or without fenestration who underwent cavopulmonary anastomosis so that we could assess the efficiency of the technique. METHODS Sixty-two patients underwent surgery between 1988 and 1999, 41 with fenestration (group I -G I) and 21 without fenestration (group II -G II). Tricuspid atresia was prevalent in group I (23-56%) and single ventricle was prevalent in group II (14-66%). Mean ages at the time of operation were 7.3 years in group I and 7.6 in group II. At late follow-up, mean ages were 10.6 years in group I and 12.8 years in group II. RESULTS Immediate and late mortality were 7.3% in G-I and 4.7% in G-II. Significant pleural effusion occurred in 41.4% of G-I patients and in 23.8% of G-II patients. Significant pericardial effusion occurred in 29.2% and 14.2%, respectively, in groups I and II. Central venous pressure was greater in G-II, 17.7 cm in H2O, as opposed to 15 cm in G-I. Hospital stay was similar between the groups, 26.3 and 21.8 days, respectively. Cyanosis and arterial insaturation occurred in 5 patients, and 4 patients were in functional class II, all from G-I. At late follow-up, 58 (93.5%) were in functional class I. Sinus rhythm was present in 94%, and pulmonary perfusion was similar in both groups. Eleven patients who underwent spirometry had good tolerance to physical effort. CONCLUSION Atrial fenestration did not improve the immediate or late follow-up of patients who underwent cavopulmonary anastomosis, and is, therefore, dispensable.

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula

A 3 year old boy was admitted for investigation of generalised cyanosis (arterial oxygen saturation to 81%), associated with abnormal density on the left upper lung field …

Defeito total do septo atrioventricular: correlaçäo anatomofuncional entre pacientes com e sem Síndrome de Down

PURPOSE: To compare clinical course, causes and symptoms beginning enset time in children with complete atrioventricular canal with and without Downs syndrome. METHODS: Records of 80 patients <2 years of age, were reviewed. There were 55 (69%) with Downs syndrome - group I (GI) and 25 (31%) without - group II (GII). Age at synpton enset intensity, functional class, clinical repercussion and anatomic variations in patients undergoing corrective surgery were evaluated. RESULTS: Mean age at symptoms onset was similar for the two groups (50 ±75 days). Class II (NYHA) was more frequent in GI (31 patients - 56.5%) and class III-IV (NYHA) in GII (19 patients - 76%) p<0.005. Clinical repercussion evaluation showed that congestive heart failure was present in 34 (62%) patients of GI and 21 (84%) of GII; and, pulmonary hypertension was in 21 (38%) patients of GI and 4 (16%) patients of GII p<0.04. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure of 50mmHg or more was present in 68% of children with Downs syndrome and in 35% of GII. Clinical course until surgical correction was down hill in 33 (60%) from GI and 21 (84%) from GII p<0.03. Seventy seven patients underwent surgical correction. CAVC type A of the Rastelli classification was predominant in both groups, GI 37 (67%) - GII 25 (100%). There or more severe valvar morphologic lesions in group II (38%) than in group I (8%). CONCLUSION: There seems to be a pulmonary vascular hyperreactivity predominance in Downs children and cardiac insufficiency signs in the normal genetic group.

Ebstein's anomaly with coarctation of the aorta. An unusual association

Ebsteins anomaly with coarctation of the aorta is an extremely unusual condition. In this report, the clinical and surgical features of 3 male patients, aged 7 months, 4 years and 14 years, are discussed. All patients were in situs solitus. The first 2 patients had atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial discordance and progressed to heart failure in the neonatal period. The third had atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial concordance, as well as Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome, with frequent episodes of paroxysmal tachycardia. The 3 patients underwent surgery for correction of the coarctation of the aorta. The patient with atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial concordance underwent tricuspid valvuloplasty using a DeVega-like technique. In addition, ablation of 2 anomalous pathways (Kent bundle), which were detected by the electrophysiologic study, was also subsequently performed. The 3 patients showed a good postoperative outcome for 2 years, although, in those with discordance, the surgical procedure did not influence the dysplasia of the tricuspid valve, because this valve showed light to moderate dysfunction.

Collaborative Quality Improvement in the Congenital Heart Defects: Development of the ASSIST Consortium and a Preliminary Surgical Outcomes Report.

Objective ASSIST is the first Brazilian initiative in building a collaborative quality improvement program in pediatric cardiology and congenital heart disease. The purposes of this manuscript are: (a) to describe the development of the ASSIST project, including the historical, philosophical, organizational, and infrastructural components that will facilitate collaborative quality improvement in congenital heart disease care; (b) to report past and ongoing challenges faced; and (c) to report the first preliminary data analysis. Methods A total of 614 operations were prospectively included in a comprehensive online database between September 2014 and December 2015 in two participating centers. Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery (RACHS) 1 and Aristotle Basic Complexity (ABC) scores were obtained. Descriptive statistics were provided, and the predictive values of the two scores for mortality were calculated by multivariate logistic regression models. Results Many barriers and challenges were faced and overcome. Overall mortality was 13.4%. Independent predictors of in-hospital death were: RACHS-1 categories (3, 4, and 5/6), ABC level 4, and age group (≤ 30 days, and 30 days - 1 year). Conclusion The ASSIST project was successfully created over a solid base of collaborative work. The main challenges faced, and overcome, were lack of institutional support, funding, computational infrastructure, dedicated staff, and trust. RACHS-1 and ABC scores performed well in our case mix. Our preliminary outcome analysis shows opportunities for improvement.

Association of plastic bronchitis to protein-losing enteropathy after fontan operation

We report an unusual case of association of plastic bronchitis (PB) to protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) in a girl of 4 years and 9 months of age with double inlet single left ventricle and ventriculoarterial concordance. submitted to total cavopulmonary surgery. with an intracardiac lateral tunnel at the age of three. The elimination of the 10 cm fibrin bronchial mold (PB) and the alpha-1-antitrypsin elevation of 52 mg/g in feces had both become outstanding. Using sildenafil. the thoracic duct ligature and the cardiac transplant were programmed in case of continuity of the process.

Asociación de bronquitis plástica a la enteropatía perdedora de proteínas tras operación de fontan

We report an unusual case of association of plastic bronchitis (PB) to protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) in a girl of 4 years and 9 months of age with double inlet single left ventricle and ventriculoarterial concordance. submitted to total cavopulmonary surgery. with an intracardiac lateral tunnel at the age of three. The elimination of the 10 cm fibrin bronchial mold (PB) and the alpha-1-antitrypsin elevation of 52 mg/g in feces had both become outstanding. Using sildenafil. the thoracic duct ligature and the cardiac transplant were programmed in case of continuity of the process.

Associação de bronquite plástica com enteropatia perdedora de proteínas após operação de Fontan

We report an unusual case of association of plastic bronchitis (PB) to protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) in a girl of 4 years and 9 months of age with double inlet single left ventricle and ventriculoarterial concordance. submitted to total cavopulmonary surgery. with an intracardiac lateral tunnel at the age of three. The elimination of the 10 cm fibrin bronchial mold (PB) and the alpha-1-antitrypsin elevation of 52 mg/g in feces had both become outstanding. Using sildenafil. the thoracic duct ligature and the cardiac transplant were programmed in case of continuity of the process.