Nancy E. Warner

Effect of Alloxan on the Mouse Pancreas during and after Recovery from Diabetes

Temporary diabetes was produced in mice by the intravenous injection of alloxan, 75 mg. per kilogram of body weight. The beta cells were degranulated within 6 hrs., but changes in microcirculation did not occur until 24 hrs., and did not appear to play arole in initiating damage to the beta cells. The total number of islets was decreased markedly within one week, but cellular proliferation of ducts and islets began as early as two weeks as indicated by in vivo study and radioautography. Improvement in the diabetic state, manifested by lowered blood glucose, coincided with restoration of a number of the islets. Although the total number of islets was not restored completely, the blood glucose values returned to normal, indicating that the new islets were functioning adequately. Replacement of the insular cells occurred solely by budding of new islets from the ducts,and no evidence of acino-insular transformation, or transformation of centro-acinar cellsinto beta cells, was found.

Effect of Tolbutamide on Postnatal Neogenesis of the Islet of Langerhans in Mouse

Tolbutamide stimulates postnatal neogenesis of the islets of Langerhans as demonstrated by enumeration of the islets, in vivo studies and radioautography. This drug first causes transient dilatation of insular vessels and rapid blood flow, followed by de granulation of the beta cells. Reappearance of granules, proliferation of the small pancreatic ducts, formation of new islets and an increased number of small islets occur during chronic administration of tolbutamide. The implications of these findings for the management of juvenile diabetes are discussed.

VASCULAR REACTIONS OF THE ISLETS OF LANGERHANS IN ESCHERICHIA COLI ENDOTOXEMIA IN MICE.

In recent years, bacteremic shock due to Gram-negative enteric bacilli has assumed increasing importance as a cause of morbidity and mortality, and Escherichia coli is the organism which has been implicated most often.’-’ The clinical syndrome of bacteremic shock has been ascribed to the action of bacterial endotoxin, since the syndrome associated with Gramnegative bacteremia and the experimental toxemia produced the corresponding Gram-negative endotoxin are nearly identical. The role of the vascular effects of endotoxin in the pathogenesis of bacteremic shock has been investigated extensively.’ The metabolic alterations produced by endotoxemia, and fluctuations in blood sugar associated with experimental endotoxemia, have been described in animals.&dquo; An at-

Endocrine Pathology: General and Surgical

ABSTRACT Advances in endocrine pathology have occurred at a remarkable pace in the past decade, and publication of the second edition of Bloodworths comprehensive text on this subject is an especially welcome event.In this revision, new authors have joined the illustrious list of contributors. The number of chapters has been increased from 19 to 20, and all chapters have been extensively revised or rewritten to bring the book up to date. The title has been changed to reflect the addition of information on surgical pathology that has been integrated into the text. Dozens of illustrations, generally of the highest quality, have been added, and numerous excellent electron micrographs compliment the gross and microscopic pictures. Chapters on endocrine cells of the digestive and respiratory systems, the effect of steroids on the female reproductive tract, and the role of laboratory tests in the diagnosis of endocrine disease are particularly valuable additions. To

Microhemocirculation: Observable Variables and Their Biologic Control

This book is a short but inclusive survey of the subject of the microcirculation, or microhemocirculation, defined by the author as that branch of angiology describing the circulation of blood in vascular channels less than 250μ in diameter. With increasing knowledge of the circulation in the small vessels of the body has come proof that the dynamic status of the microcirculation does not necessarily parallel that of the macrocirculation, and further, that failure of the microcirculation in vital microvascular beds can occur without manifest clinical abnormality of the macrocirculation, as measured by conventional methods. Recognition of the importance of the microvasculature as the locus of exchange in maintenance of homeostasis, and the role of the microcirculation in pathogenesis of disease, has quickened the interest of physical scientists, biologists, and physicians alike, in the study of the intrinsic problems of rheology, hemodynamics, intravascular coagulation, and local vasomotor responses, to name but

The Savage Cell: A Report on Cancer and Cancer Research

The author, a distinguished science reporter and editor, has written this book on cancer and its control primarily for the layman. And the story is a fascinating one, in which a tremendous amount of information has been condensed. Few writers would find it possible to face and undertake the monumental task of attempting to encompass the volume of literature necessary to acquire a broad enough scope. Among the areas the author covers are the incidence of epidemiology of cancer; environmental factors in etiology; the role of hormones, genetic influences, viruses, and immunity in neoplasia; the riddle of leukemia. Mr. McGrady discusses the special problems incident to detection and diagnosis, and the role of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy in management. Throughout the book, and in separate chapters, the theme of prevention and control of cancer receives special attention. The authors suggestions for cancer control by mobilization of major scientific and technical

Normal Growth and Cancer

The application of newer techniques to the study of growth and neoplasia, and the rapid expansion of the literature in these areas, make it difficult for those not engaged actively in the work to keep abreast of the new developments. Here is an informative yet concise and up-to-date book which, though addressed primarily to thoughtful practicing physicians and premedical students, discusses basic aspects of growth and neoplasia in terms which may be understood by any serious student. Naturally, in a volume of this size it is not possible to relate much more than the most basic concepts, often greatly simplified, but the short bibliography appended to each chapter lists the pertinent papers and monographs for study in greater depth. The authors regard their book as a history of progress in cancer research, and the first chapter is an account of the concepts of neoplasia before the invention of the microscope.