Nand Dhameja

Public Private Partnership for Elementary Education

The Indian education system is perhaps the largest system in the world catering to above 20 crore students of different socio-economic background in pre-primary to primary, upper primary, secondary and higher secondary to college and university level. However, a large number of children continue to dropout from the system before completion of an education cycle, which severely affects the efficiency of the education system,the children are taking ·more years to ·become primary graduates than ideally requ_ired. The unfinished task in terms of unenrolled and out-of-school children is a challenging one. In several countries of the world Public Private Partnership (PPP) approach is being extensively used in addressing this problem. This article examines whether the private providers can be associated with the development of social infrastructure services, though in such services there may not be a direct charge from the beneficiaries because of obvious social constraints. The article also recommends various possible options of PPP in elementary education, which have to be analysed in terms of their complexities involved and commitment of the government and the private partner.

Public-Private Partnership for Infrastructure Development : Cross-Country Scenario

The unprecedented growth of urbanisation has put severe strain on the governments capacity to service the rapidly increasing urban population. Hence the concept of public private partnership (PPPs) is fast catching up among most of the developing economies. However, the success of PPP approach would depend upon critical factors like, government commitment, legal and regulatory framework, stakeholders involvement, cost-recovery tariffs, design and forms of PPP approach. The present article discusses the significance of PPP, its adoption in India and the guidelines issued to provide financial support to PPPs in infrastructure projects. The article also presents prevalence of various forms of PPPs in India in comparison to that of in different countries, in particular in China.

Infrastructure Development through PPP: A Case Study of IGI Delhi Airport Agreement Process, Monitoring, Project Cost Estimation and its Finances—Problem Areas and Lessons

The challenge for infrastructure development in the aviation sector can be addressed through fonnulation of a comprehensive plan with private sector participation, formulation of policies and guidelines, changes in the existing policies and guidelines and formulation of comprehensive financing plan. All these initiatives will enable the development of airport infrastructure on PPP to meet the growing demand of airport traffic and offer the globally comparable service standards at competitive rates. The article revisits the eX{?eriences of the joint venture enterprise that developed India s largest airport at Delhi. The lessons learnt from this venture highlight the need to develop a suitable mechanism at the national level for projects of this nature so that accountability issues such as cost overrun are not placed at unreasonable risk in the interest of project expediency.

Higher Education in India: Its Growth and Private Participation: Issues

Higher education in India has witnessed a steady growth in the last t1rn decades. The size and composition of higher education institutions and their trend over the years has been achieled by planned allocations on education and its various sectors under Fire Yea r Plans. However, shortage of skilled manpower in several sectors of economy continues to exist in spite of growing population of voung people, gains in school education, tlze growing middle class and their rising aspirations. This shortage of skilled manpower is a cause for concern in most sectors in India. The article observes that the present higher education system in India is not equipped to address this problem without some changes in the basic structure and a strict reRtilatory mechanism to ensure that as much emphasis is placed on access as on quality and standards. There is a stro11g need to place stringent emry barriers for aspiring education proiders.

NPOs-Accounting and Financial Reporting Framework

In India, voluntary organisations, by tradition, have been embedded in social service and socio-economic movements. This article discusses the need and features of a good financial reporting system for these non-profit organisatins (NPOs). It gives a brief account of financial reporting practices prevalent among certain NPOs of smaller size and analyses how far is it essential for NPOs to have accounting based accrual principle and recommends a modified cash basis system befitting their characterstics. A few recent and important studies on the accounting and financial reporting means in the NPOs have also been discussed briefly.

Disinvestment of Central and State Enterprises: Analysis and Way Ahead

The clock on Public Sector Undertaking has taken the full turn. Once seen as the engines of industrial growth, most of the state enterprises became a big drain on public money a decade or so later. The economic reforms of 1991-92 initiated the steps for privatisation or sale of such units on the economic grounds so as to lessen the burden on government finances. The article analyses the strategy, economics and administrative exercise behind the process of disinvestment. It provides a profile of the nature of enterprises and the financial gains to the governmellt. The • conclusion discusses the progress made so far and what lies ahead on the road to privatisation and disinvestment.

Zero Base Budgeting: Re-Emphasised in India—A Case Study of Research and Development Organisation

Zero Base Budgeting as a concept is still at the experimental stage in various divisions and departments of government. It has born some encouraging results in the resource rich countries, but its efficacy in a developing economy like India needs a careful study. The author while highlighting the features and managerial processes behind Zero Base Budgeting presents case studies pertaining to two of the apex research organisations in India.

Power Sector Reforms: Warrant Good Governance

Reforms aimed at power sector should primarily address the issues of maximisation of production and efficiency in utilisation, transmission and distribution. While discussing agenda for reforms, the article gives an overview of power sector in India, its organisational set-up and a critical evaluation of proposed strategies for future. ft outlines the desired approach for res·tructuring and policy making in different segments particularly in view of attempted privatisation of some of the operations.

City Bus Transport Privatisation — Its Impact with Special Reference to Delhi Transport Corporation

Nationalisation of road transport was aimed at providing citizens a reliable, affordable and comfortable public transport system. In spite of subsidies, monopoly over the routes and frequent writings-off of loans and dues, state road transport corporations in most of the states are financial wrecks. The increasing population in a megapolis like Delhi has put pressure on the city bus service which is already in slambles. This article studies various aspects of the attempt at privatisation-of public transport -in Delhi. The study evaluates the impact of privatisation on the commuters, road users, city traffic and the DTC itself

Prison Administration Privatisation: Practices, Issues and Prospects

looking at some burgeoning problems in prison administration, the authors probe finding solutions thereof through priv_atisation of prison administration functions. Attempting to be sure-footed, they first prov;de relevant international experience on the subject from the developed world, then examine major issues involved in privatisation exercise in this rather sensitive area, and top it with a suggestive framework which, according to them, would help. realise privatisation of p·rison administration in India.