Narayanan Kulathuramaiyer

Semantic Feature Selection Using WordNet

The web has caused an explosion of documents, requiring the need for an automated text categorization system. This paper explores the notion of semantic feature selection by employing WordNet [Introduction to WordNet: An On-line Lexical Database], a lexical database. The proposed semantic approach employs noun synonyms and word senses for feature selection to select terms that are semantically representative of a category of documents. The categorical sense disambiguation extends the use of WordNet, which has been typically used for text retrieval and word sense disambiguation [A WordNet-based Algorithm for Word Sense Disambiguation]. Our experiments on the Reuters-21578 dataset have shown that automated semantic feature selection is able to perform better than well known statistical feature selection methods, Information Gain and Chi-Square as a feature selection method.

Automatic Discovery of Concepts from Text

Existing mechanisms for concept discovery tend to pick up all possible relationships between terms in a document based on roles of terms identified. The proposed work aims to enhance this discovery process by employing machine learning and semantic modelling. We explore a framework for automatically discovering labeled clusters from a large collection of documents. The aim of this framework is to enable the extraction of concepts and to structure these into labeled concepts for use by text processing applications such as text summarization and text categorization. We have developed a mechanism for automatically inducing a set of words that captures the meaning of a collection of documents. The WordNet lexical database is used to extract root meanings and to determine relationships amongst these terms

Augmenting indigenous knowledge management with information and communication technology

Numerous studies have been conducted to elicit and analyse structures within the indigenous knowledge (IK) management systems, which fundamentally differ from technology supported systems. This paper highlights the approaches used in eTORO project by the Institute of Social Informatics and Technological Innovations, UNIMAS with active participation of the local community in Long Lamai, Sarawak. The main objective of the project is to facilitate the community in preserving and transferring their indigenous botanical knowledge (IBK) through proper documentation processes. The project activities include exploring the specific needs of the community, to design the cultural protocols, to develop ICT tools and to clarify the roles of the stakeholders with process flow diagrams which have been developed with the active participation of community. The methodology that is developed for the project is of value to those who work with indigenous communities whose literacy, social and cultural logic and values profoundly differ from others.

Improving citation mining

In recent years the number of citations a paper is receiving is seen more and more (maybe too much so) as an important indicator for the quality of a paper, the quality of researchers, the quality of journals, etc. Based on the number of citations a scholar has received over his lifetime or over the last few years various measures have been introduced. The number of citations (often without counting self-citations or citations from “minor” sources, in whatever way this may be defined), or some measurement based on the number of citations (like the h- or the g-factor) are being used to evaluate scholars; the citation index of a journal (again with a variety of parameters) is seen as measuring the impact of the journal, and hence the importance one assigns to publications there, etc. The number of measurements based on citation numbers is steadily increasing, and their definition has become a science in itself. However, they all rest on finding all relevant citations. Thus, “citation mining tools” used for the ISI Web of Knowledge, the Citeseer citation index, Google scholar or software such as the “publishorperish.com” software based on Google scholar, etc., are the critical starting points for all measurement efforts. In this paper we show that the current citation mining techniques do not discover all relevant citations. We propose a technique that increases accuracy substantially and show numeric evaluations for one typical journal. It is clear that in the absence of very reliable citation mining tools all current measurements based on citation counting should be considered with a grain of salt.

Indigenous Knowledge Management in the Kelabit Community in Eastern Malaysia: Insights and Reflections for Contemporary KM Design

Knowledge audits and assessment help organizations to identify the status of knowledge processes and develop strategies to manage their knowledge-based assets. The structure of Indigenous Knowledge Management Systems IKMS is different from the organisations Knowledge Management KM systems and mainly based on the tacit and implicit knowledge forms. Hence, the existing organisations knowledge audit and assessment tools are not addressing the inherent structure of IKMS. The paper addresses this gap and uses a methodological approach for the assessment of Indigenous Knowledge Management IKM processes. The approach is tested in the indigenous Kelabit community of Bario in East Malaysia. The methods used for data collection are survey questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The study finding argues that indigenous communities exercise the processes of storage, leveraging, sharing and applying knowledge. These processes are a combination of the knowledge and the ways in which this knowledge is put into practice in their daily life activities. These processes may be different but not less effective or less efficient in comparison to organisations KM processes. The study will help Information and Communication Technology ICT researchers to better understand the structure of IKMS and then use this understanding for designing the technological solution for IKM.

Challenges in building domain ontology for minority languages

The development of domain ontology is important in building a list of vocabulary whereas the process of sharing and reusing this knowledge management can be accomplished easily. This paper presents the challenges that arise in the ontology development area by focusing on one domain concept. Domain concept here can be transversed from different disciplines, such as agricultural, medicine, human-anatomy, and automotive. The assessments on the challenges vary among numerous ontology projects. The challenges can be influenced by the use of minority languages as the local resources since these languages are resource constrained compared to languages such as English that are rich in resource availability. Apart from that, minority languages tend to have issues concerning different morphological structures and grammatical structures. Numbers of existing ontologies for different disciplines had been produced in English language but little has been done for indigenous languages such as Iban. The main contribution here resides in the ontology development itself, which emphasise on the best means for a beginner to design, develop and deploy the ontology. Research based on the previous work and possible solution is presented in this paper.

A Comprehensive Comparative Study of Word and Sentence Similarity Measures

Sentence similarity is considered the basis of many natural language tasks such as information retrieval, question answering and text summarization. The semantic meaning between compared text fragments is based on the words’ semantic features and their relationships. This article reviews a set of word and sentence similarity measures and compares them on benchmark datasets. On the studied datasets, results showed that hybrid semantic measures perform better than both knowledge and corpus based measures.

An IT governance framework for achieving the development of academic programme in higher institutions: A case of Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS)

In Information Technology (IT) Governance, the use of web has become a competitive strategy for aligning business goals and IT within an organization. IT Governance is a subset of corporate governance. IT Governance is the strategic alignment of IT with business so that maximum business value is achieved through the development and maintenance of effective IT control and accountability, performance management and risk management. As the Internet has connected the organization with people all over the world, providing an effective IT control and achieving risk management over the critical data and services. This is a challenging task to all sectors including education. We modeled a conceptual framework by identifying the elements of governance for achieving the development of academic programme through web based system. For the governance elements, data was collected using qualitative methods. This paper reports on the impact gained from the IT governance framework for the development of academic programme in UNIMAS.

Integrated Copy-Paste Checking: Design and Services

The advances in technology have made academic cheating far too easy for learners. Furthermore, the World-Wide-Web has brought about a widespread culture of easy-access to all sorts of information, thus reducing the need for learners to perform diligent research or study. E-learning systems would then need to incorporate the monitoring and checking for student expressions of reading and writing, while guiding them towards learning the rightful skills. This paper describes the architecture and design of an integrated Copy-Paste system aimed at addressing these concerns.

Addressing plagiarism and IPR violation

This paper presents some ideas about fighting plagiarism and what we can do about preserving Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). It will highlight interesting findings arising from our investigations on the topic – some of which are actually quite shocking. The last part of this paper presents an overview of upcoming technology while shedding light on its implications on the quality of life. As emerging technology is expected to drastically transform our lives, due consideration on social aspects of technology is necessary.