Natali Hritonenko

Principles of Model Construction

This chapter is devoted to application of general principles of mathematical modeling to such specific area as economic-environmental interaction.

On the Optimal Control of the Vintage Capital Growth Model with Endogenous Labour Supply

Abstract We prove that the introduction of endogenous indivisible labor supply into the vintage capital growth model does not rule out the turnpike and optimal permanent regime properties, notably the non-monotonicity properties of optimal paths, inherent in this model.

Optimization Models of Economic Renovation

This chapter is devoted to optimization analysis of the mathematical models of economic renovation described in previous chapter.

Environmental Impact in Models of Technological Renovation

This chapter is devoted to modeling the technological rearmament of manufacturing systems with accounting their environmental impact. It is assumed that a series of problems listed in the preceding Chapter has been resolved. Specifically, the problem of calculating the combined impact of plants pollution on the limiting permissible concentrations (LPC) in the region has been solved and the limiting permissible emissions (LPE) have been established for each plant. Then, economic management of regional plants with the goal of reducing their negative environmental impact by modernisation of their manufacturing processes appears at the forefront.

Modeling of Environmental Impact and Resource Extraction

This chapter deals with aggregate models of resource exhaustion and economic-environmental interaction, which are based on economic models exposed in the first part of the monograph. Models of the Section 10.1 describe the environmental degradation due to resource exhaustion and the models of the Section 10.2 describe an aggregated economic impact on environment as well as the influence of environment on economy.

Models of Controlled Technological Renovation

The necessity to use integral models in mathematical economics comes while considering the heterogeneity of economic factors related to industrial production, such as capital, fixed assets, productive capacities, industrial equipment, labour force, etc.

Mathematical Models of Biological Communities

The mathematical models of the communities of animals and plants have been developed in detail including their analytic theory as well as simulation computer methods for such models. Present-day models take into account aftereffect and joint influence of different exogenous and endogenous (external and internal) factors. They use various mathematical means including complex ones: partial differential equations, integral and difference equations, optimization methods, etc. Therefore, one of main research problems is choosing a model and justifying the choice with regard for modelling goals and simulation complexity.

Economic Control of Ecological Populations

The main theme of this book involves a discussion of a specific field of the economic-ecological interaction — a rational exploitation of biological communities (populations). Many important practical issues such as environmental protection, rational consumption of biotic resources, increasing agriculture productivity, fishing and cattle-breeding, are involved in the exploitation of ecological populations. Mathematical modeling is used for preventing negative ecological consequences and obtaining a maximal economic profit of the exploitation under minimal expenditures with certain natural and economic restrictions fulfilled.

Models of World Dynamics: Structure And Results

The first model of world dynamics was developed by G.Forrester and D.L.Meadows under the Roman Club initiative in 1972 (the Roman Club was a semi-formal international organization of scientists concerned about future development of human society). The model was based on the method of system dynamics developed earlier for analysis and design of industrial systems. This model is analyzed in Section 11.1 and some further its improvements — in Section 11.2.

Models for Pollution Propagation Control in Air and Water

Management in regional economic-environmental systems puts forward a broad spectrum of important problems that require scientific substantiation. These problems include: determining the most dangerous media (water, air, soil) and types of pollutants and modelling of their propagation; modelling of a joint (combined) effect of all emissions on the pollutant concentration in ecologically significant zones of the region while taking into account the pollutant transport, diffusion, sedimentation and other factors; determining the limiting permissible concentrations (LPC) of the pollutants in the region and their limiting permissible emissions (LPE) for each plant (factory) of the region; modernizing of ecologically dangerous manufacturing processes compared to their liquidation and determining optimal plans and rational timetable for reconstruction the manufacturing process; the choice of specific products and production technologies, the definition of the rational schemes of rebuilding production structure. forecasting global environmental consequences of an economic policy in the region.