Nazmi Polat

Length-weight and length-length relationships of Capoeta sieboldii from Hirfanlı Dam Lake, Turkey.

ABSTRACT This study describes the length-weight (LWR) and length-length relationships of Capoeta sieboldii from Hirfanli Dam Lake, Turkey. Condition factor (K) was also calculated per fork length class of females and males. A total of 170 individuals was collected from monthly sampling between March 2004 and August 2005. LWRs of females and males were not statistically different with and within season. LWRs indicated isometric growth in both sexes. The slopes of LWRs were 3.171 for females and 2.980 for males. All correlations among fork length, total length, and standard length were highly significant (P>0.001, r2<0.92). The values of K ranged from 1.21 to 1.43 for females and from 1.12 to 1.36 for males.

Age Determination and Annulus Formation of Crucian Carp (Carassius gibelio) Inhabiting Egirdir Lake and Bafra Fish Lake, Turkey

ABSTRACT Age determination and annulus formation of the crucian carp (Carassius gibelio) obtained from Egirdir Lake between March 2001 and January 2003 and Bafra Fish Lake between January 2000 and September 2002 were evaluated by examination of scales, otoliths, vertebrae, opercular bones, and subopercular bones. The precision of age estimation was derived by percentage of reader agreement and coefficient of variation (CV). The highest agreement (70.3%) and lowest CV (7.0%) were with otoliths for Egirdir Lake specimens; in Bafra Fish Lake specimens, the highest agreement and lowest CV were with vertebrae 62.9% and 8.1%, respectively. We found that the most reliable bony structure for age determination varied in different populations of this species. Marginal increment analysis showed that annulus formation occured during October-April.

Feeding ecology and prey selection of European perch, Perca fluviatilis inhabiting a eutrophic lake in northern Turkey

ABSTRACT Feeding habits and prey selection of European perch (Perca fluviatilis) were examined in Lake Ladik between November 2009 and October 2010. Stomach contents of 308 individuals ranging in size from 73 to 275 mm total length were analyzed and 55.2% were empty. The fullness index indicated that feeding intensity of this species was the highest in summer and the lowest in winter. European perch feeds on prey fish and macroinvertebrates. The most important food items were Scardinius erythrophthalmus and Perca fluviatilis, followed by chironomidae larvae. Diet composition and feeding habits varied seasonally and ontogenetically. Macroinvertebrates were only consumed by small individuals, while prey fishes were only eaten by large individuals. S. erythrophthalmus, P. fluviatilis, and Blicca bjoerkna were positively selected but their selection indexes were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). This prey selection is important for combating eutrophication. Abramis brama constitute 24.03% of all fish species in this lake; however, it was a negatively selected prey item (Va = −0.198, χ2 = 7.86, p < 0.05). Esox lucius, Squalius cephalus, Chondrostoma regium, and Carassius gibelio inhabiting this lake were not preferred by European perch. Cannibalism rate was 12.3%.

Myxobolus anatolicus sp. nov. (Myxozoa) infecting the gill of Anatolian khramulya Capoeta tinca (Cyprinidae) in Turkey.

This work is part of an ongoing investigation into the characteristics of myxozoan parasites of freshwater fish in Turkey and was carried out using morphology, histopathology and molecular analysis. A new species of the genus Myxobolus (M. anatolicus sp. nov.) was found infecting the gills of 3 of 34 specimens (8.8%) of Anatolian khramulya Capoeta tinca from the Samsun Province, Northern Turkey. Both morphology and 18S rDNA sequence data revealed that M. anatolicus sp. nov. was distinct from other Myxobolus species found in the gills of cyprinid fishes. The small, white and round-shaped plasmodia, measuring 0.2 to 1.4 mm in diameter, were observed macroscopically in the gills. Histological analysis revealed that the cyst-like plasmodia have an intralamellar-vascular type development. Mature spores of M. anatolicus sp. nov. were oval in both frontal and sutural views, and tapered at the anterior poles. The spores were 10.1 ± 0.41 (9.4 to 10.7) µm long, 6.9 ± 0.28 (6.6 to 7.2) µm wide, and 4.5 ± 0.36 (4.4 to 4.6) µm thick. The 2 polar capsules were pyriform, equal in size, 4.6 ± 0.45 (4.4 to 4.8) µm long and 2.1 ± 0.12 (2 to 2.3) µm wide. Polar filaments within the polar capsules were coiled with 5 or 6 turns. Phylogenetic analysis placed M. anatolicus sp. nov. in a clade of gill-infecting myxobolids. This is the first record of a Myxobolus species infecting Anatolian khramulya Capoeta tinca, and the first record of this species from Eurasia.

Relationships Between Opercle Dimensions and Total Length of European Perch (Perca fluviatilis L., 1758) Inhabiting Lake Ladik (Samsun, Turkey)

There are so many researches about the effects of exercise on pulmonary Junctions. In some studies it were found that pulmonary function improved with exercise and in the others did not. It was generally accepted that there were improvement in pulmonary functions with swimming and diving. In this article the effects of exercise on pulmonary functions are reviewed. [Journal of Turgut Ozal Medical Center 1 (3):230-233,1994] Key words: Exercise, training, pulmonary functions, vital capacity.

The Relationships Between Otolith Dimensions-Total Length of Chub (Squalius cephalus, L.1758) Sampled from Some Inland Waters of the Middle Black Sea Region

Bu calismada Karadeniz Bolgesi’ndeki bazi icsularda yasayan tatlisu kefalinin ( Squalius cephalus, L.1758) total boy ile otolit ozellikleri arasindaki iliskiler arastirilmistir. Tatlisu kefali ornekleri 4 farkli lokaliteden (Abdal Cayi, Akcay, Terme Cayi ve Yedikir Baraj Golu) yakalanmistir. Otolit olcumleri ile total boy arasindaki iliskilerin hesaplanmasi icin power model kullanilmistir. Istatistiksel analizler Paired t-test, Independent t test, ANOVA ile test edilmistir. Abdal, Akcay, Terme Cayi ve Yedikir Baraj Golu’nden elde edilen bireylerin ortalama total boylari sirasi ile 11,49±0,79 cm, 10,31±0,52 cm, 10,33±0,29 cm ve 11,11±0,33 cm arasinda degismektedir. Lokalitelere gore tum veriler birlikte degerlendirildiginde asteriskus ve lapillus otolitlerinin otolit enleri ( OB ) ve otolit boylari ( OL ) arasinda bir farklilik bulunmamaktadir. Fakat dort lokalite birlikte degerlendirildiginde lapillus otolit agirliklari arasinda fark mevcuttur. Lokalitelere gore asteriskus otolit agirliklari bakimindan bir farklilik mevcut degildir. TL ve OB , OL ile OW arasindaki iliskiler power regresyon modeli kullanilarak belirlenmistir. Terme (r 2 =0,936) ve Yedikir icin OW (r 2 =0,912), Akcay ve Abdal Caylari icin OL ( r 2 =0,973) degerlerinin TB ile en kuvvetli iliskileri gosterdigi belirlenmistir.

Length-weight and length-length relationships of chub (Squalius cephalus, L., 1758) inhabiting a few inland waters of the Middle Black Sea Region

Bu calismada orta Karadeniz Bolgesi’ndeki bazi icsularda yasayan tatlisu kefalinin ( Squalius cephalus, L.1758) boy-agirlik ve boy-boy iliskileri incelenmistir. Toplamda 218 (Abdal (N=44), Akcay (N=57), Terme (N= 55), Yedikir (N=62)) ornek farkli lokalitelerden orneklenmistir. Yakalanan tum orneklerin total, catal ve standart boylari (0.1 cm) olculmustur. Her bir ornegin agirligi (W) kaydedilmistir (0.01 g). Analiz sonuclarina gore cinsiyetler arasinda boy ve agirlik bakimindan istatistiksel olarak onemli bir farklilik yoktur (P ˃ 0.05). Bu sebeple tum populasyon (disi+erkek) analizlerde birlikte degerlendirilmistir. Abdal Cayi, Akcay Cayi, Terme Cayi ve Yedikir Baraj Golu’nden orneklenen tatlisu kefalinin ortalama total boylari sirasiyla 11.49±0.792, 10.31±0.518, 10.33±0.289 ve 11.11±0.327 cm arasinda degismektedir. Boy-agirlik iliskileri tum lokaliteler icin onemli bulunmustur (P 0.990). Boy-agirlik iliskisinin “b” degeri istatistiksel anlamda 3’ten faklidir ve tum lokaliteler icin buyume tipi pozitif allometriktir. Boy-agirlik iliskilerinin denklemleri sirasi ile Abdal, Akcay, Terme ve Yedikir icin W=0.007TL 3.224 , W=0.006TL 3.285 , W=0.005TL 3.298 , W=0.007TL 3.210 olarak hesaplanmistir. Boy-boy iliskilerinin regresyon katsayilari 0.916 ile 0.999 arasinda degisim gostermektedir ve istatistiksel anlamda onemlidir (P<0.001).

Türkiye’deki üç Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810 popülasyonunun total boy ile otolit boyutları arasındaki ilişkilerinin bölgesel varyasyonu

This study focuses on the relationships between otolith measurements and total length; otolith shape indices and the total length; among otolith measurements for three Atherina boyeri populations (Lake Eğirdir, Lake İznik, and Hirfanlı Dam Lake) to determine regional variations of these populations in Turkey. 356 specimens with 41.0 103.6 mm total length of three A. boyeri populations were examined and their otoliths were extracted and measured. Otolith width is the strongest indicator for the three A. boyeri populations although the otolith length, width, and weight are good indicators for the fish length in the different populations. The linear relationship was determined between A. boyeri total length and sagittal otolith sizes in the three populations. However, the best model for the relationships among otolith sizes can be change depends on populations differentiation. Exponential model is the best model for Lake Eğirdir population while the linear model is the best model for Lake İznik and Hirfanlı Dam Lake populations.

Sagittal Otolith Morphology of Sharpsnout Seabream Diplodus puntazzo (Walbaum, 1792) in the Aegean Sea

Los indices morfologicos, biometria y la forma de los otolitos sagitales izquierdo y derecho se estudiaron para la especie sargo picudo, Diplodus puntazzo del mar Egeo. Se analizaron en 52 D. puntazzo la forma del surco acustico, las superficies proximal y distal y las regiones posteriores de los otolitos sagitales izquierdo y derecho. Ademas, se registraron para cada par de otolitos sagitales las mediciones morfometricas de peso, longitud, ancho y perimetro. Se calcularon en ambos otolitos sagitales los indices de forma, factor de forma, relacion de aspecto, circularidad, ortogonalidad y elipticidad. En el D. puntazzo que habita en el mar Egeo, el ancho y elipticidad de los otolitos fueron significativamente diferentes (P <0,05), para las mediciones de otolitos sagitales izquierdo y derecho, respectivamente. Existen gran variabilidad en las caracteristicas morfologicas de los otolitos de diferentes especies y poblaciones de peces, asimismo es limitada la informacion de los indices morfologicos y la forma de los otolitos sagitales. El presente estudio proporciono informacion suficiente sobre la morfologia y biometria de los otolitos izquierdo y derecho del sargo picudo en el Mar Egeo, lo que puede proporcionar una herramienta util para la discriminacion e identificacion de especies marinas de agua dulce y para nuevas investigaciones.

BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EUROPEAN PERCH (Perca fluviatilis L., 1758) INHABITING LAKE LADIK (SAMSUN, TURKEY)

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the growth features of European perch (Perca fluviatilis L., 1758) inhabiting Lake Ladik. A total of 858 individuals were caught. The total length and weight ranged from 8.2 to 27.5 cm and from 7.16 to 365.20 g, respectively. The age of the females ranged between 1 and 7 years and the age of the males ranged from 1 to 5 years. The female to male ratio was 1:0.19. The von Bertalanffy growth equation parameters were determined as L∞=41.27 cm, W∞=1251.40 g, K=0.10 (year−1), t0 (year)=−1.98 for all samples. Length-weight relationship was calculated as W=0.0047TL3.358 for all specimens. Length-length relationships (total length-standard length, total length-fork length, standard length-fork length) were highly significant (r2>0.98). The mean condition factor value was obtained as 1.28 for all fish. Condition factor showed statistically significant increase according to length classes.