Neelesh Gupta

A Survey on Underwater Image Enhancement Techniques

This review paper deals with the methods to improve underwater image enhancement techniques, the processing of underwater image captured is necessary because the quality of underwater images affect and these image leads some serious problems when compared to images from a clearer environment. A lot of noise occurs due to low contrast, poor visibility conditions (absorption of natural light), non uniform lighting and little color variations, pepper noise and blur effect in the underwater images because of all these reasons number of methods are existing to cure these underwater images different filtering techniques are also available in the literature for processing and enhancement of underwater images one of them is image enhancement using median filter which enhances the image and help to estimate the depth map and improve quality by removing noise particles with the help of different techniques, and the other is RGB Color Level Stretching have used. Forward USM technique can also be used for image enhancement.

Estimated new Routing Scheme in MANETs

High probability of disappointment in Ad-Hoc networks due to energy-tired nodes is one of the main limitations. If some nodes expire early due to lack of energy, they cannot transfer the data with each other. Therefore, excessive consumption of nodes energy should be prevented. Energy conservation of a Network is a major design issue since mobile devices are often embarrassed by the battery. After suitable election of one active node among several nodes an enormous amount of energy can be saved in any local networks. This paper aims energy conservation through hexagonal GAF grid structures with the help of most popular Location-Aided Routing (LAR) scheme. This scheme uses the location of mobile node through GPS technique to improve the performance matrices such as energy saving, routing overhead and network life time in Ad-Hoc Networks.

Routing protocols in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks: An overview

MANETs can manage without fixed infrastructure and can stay active rapid changes in the network topology. The primary challenge in building a MANET is equipping each device to continuously maintain the information required to appropriately route traffic. Routing with Scalable and robustness performance is one of the key challenges in deploying Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks. In this paper, we deliberate on different routing protocols which are widely used in MANETs. In order to operate the Ad-Hoc Networks as efficiently as possible, appropriate on-demand routing protocols have to be incorporated, to find effective routes between source and destination. This paper primarily concentrates to study the various performance metrics like such as, data packet delivery fraction, end to end delay and control packet etc. of the routing protocols. In particular, position-based routing protocols can route messages more efficiently to their destinations based on the destination node position, which is provided by a location service. As LAR, important performance matrices of Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks can be improved.

Medical Image Segmentation using Modified K Means Clustering

Image segmentation is an important technique for image processing which aims at partitioning the image into different homogeneous regions or clusters. Lots of general-purpose techniques and algorithms have been developed and widely applied in various application areas. For the study of anatomical structures and to identify the region of interest. Magnetic Resonance Images are used to produce images of soft tissue of human body. Noise present in the Brain MRI images are multiplicative noise and reductions of these noise are difficult task. However, accurate Segmentation of the MRI images is very important and crucial for the exact diagnosis by computer aided clinical tools. A large variety of algorithms for segmentation of MRI images had been developed. However most of these have some limitations, to overcome these limitations; modified k means clustering is proposed. The comparison of existing segmentation approaches such as C-Means Clustering, K-Means Clustering with Modified KMeans Clustering is performed then the performance evaluated. Finally generated outcomes of the Fuzzy c- means clustering, k-means clustering and modified k means clustering algorithm for the brain MRI shows that modified kmeans clustering technique gives better results for all performance measuring parameters such as structural similarity index measure, structural content, mean squared error and peak to signal noise ratio.

A New Image Fusion Method based on Integration of Wavelet and Fast Discrete Curvelet Transform

Image fusion is one of the most useful term related to digital image processing, computer vision and medical imaging. The objective of image fusion is to extract the useful information from several images into a single image. Recently, more research has been done on wavelet based image fusion methods for medical application. Wavelet transform is useful for objects with point singularities and analyses the feature of images in detailed, but it does not provide information about edges clearly. While curvelet transform is more useful for the analysis of images having curved shape edges. So, in this paper, a new image fusion method is proposed based on the integration of wavelet and fast discrete curvelet transform, which describe the curved shapes of images and analyses feature of images better. This paper uses MRI and CT images for fusion which contains complementary information helpful for diagnosis of disease. The fusion results obtained from proposed method are analyzed and compared visually and statistically with different types of wavelets used in image fusion. The results of proposed method are efficient and improve the Entropy, PSNR, Mean, STD and MSE. The proposed method can be helpful for better medical diagnosis.

Wavelet and fast discrete curvelet transform for medical application

Image fusion has great importance in many applications such as satellite imaging, remote sensing and medical imaging. The main purpose of medical image fusion is to obtain a high resolution image with as much details as possible for diagnosis of disease and better medical treatment. For medical diagnosis, MR and CT images are of main concern, both images give special sophisticated characteristics of the organ to be imaged. These two images provide complementary information. For accurate diagnosis of disease, complementary information is required from different modalities. This paper proposes fusion of magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) medical images using wavelet and fast discrete curvelet transform, which describe the curved shapes of images and analyses feature of images better. The results of proposed method are analyzed and compared visually and statistically with two types of wavelets used in image fusion. Simulation results proved that the proposed method can obtain a better image than the two types of wavelets used in image fusion. The proposed method can be helpful for better medical diagnosis.

Review on Cloud Computing: Issues, Services and Models

Cloud computing is Internet-based technology. It provides ondemand resources, software and information sharing by internet to users and devices. Cloud computing is the product of traditional network technology like grid computing, distributed computing and parallel computing. It is growing every day due to its basic services such as virtual pool of resources and its services, which are provided to the users through Internet. This paper is providing the basic description of cloud models and service of cloud computing. Paper also represents the cloud computing issues and its basic comparison with mobile and grid computing.

Route-Discovery Optimization in LAR: A Review

The Energy saving of a Wireless Network is a major design issue, since mobile devices are often mortified by the battery. For this, more effective and consistent routing-algorithm, mainly with the better adaptation under the Ad-Hoc dynamic environment is essential. Such as, GPS-based Location-Aided Routing (LAR) scheme, that was offered by Young-Bae and Nitin Vaidya. Several routing techniques under this were proposed with better consequences in dynamic topology of networks. Energy conservation can be obtained on several static and dynamic topologies via these techniques in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs). In this paper some modified “LAR-1 Route-Discovery optimization techniques” survey is presented. Some performance matrices of Ad-Hoc Networks such as, Packet Delivery Fraction (PDF), Routing Overhead, End to End (E2E) Delay, Network Life Time and Congestion Control can be improved using several LAR-1 Route-Discovery (Modernization) techniques. These improvement techniques are also included.

Image compression using Super-Resolution Technique: A Review

With the rapid increasing demand of digital networks, people are likely to demand more and more accurate images which can be efficiently achieved using image compression. In image compression the irrelevant data is removed from the image keeping in mind that the data is stored in an adequate form. By doing this the data from the original image is sometimes is lost. Based on this, in the review paper the needs, its principle and various file formats of image compression are discussed. The paper also focuses on algorithms of image compression.

Non Coherent Block Coded Modulation using Linear Components Codes

This paper derives minimum non coherent distances of blockcoded TAPSK (twisted amplitude and phase shift keying) and 16QAM (quadrature-amplitude modulation), both using linear component codes. According to the derived distances, non coherent block-coded TAPSK (NBC-TAPSK) and non coherent block-coded 16QAM (NBC-16QAM) are proposed. If the block length is very small, NBC-16TAPSK performs best among all non coherent schemes and NBC-16QAM performs worse due to its small minimum non coherent distance. However, if the block is not short, NBC-16QAM has the best error performance because the code words with small non coherent distances are rare. Here it also changes the value of r and see the performance of BER and also see the effect of Rayleigh channel on BER. Index Terms Non coherent detection, BCH Codes Block coded modulation, multilevel coding.