Neliton Marques da Silva

Flutuação populacional de espécies de Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera: Tephritidae) na região de Manaus, AM

The population fluctuation of Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera: Tephritidae) species captured in McPhail traps was examined. Specimens of Anastrepha were collected weekly over a period of 80 weeks, from May 1996 to December 1997. The traps were baited with sugarcane syrup (10%) and distributed in two localities along the BR 174 highway: km 23 and km 40, north of Manaus, AM, Brazil. Thirteen species were collected: A. striata Schiner, A. obliqua (Macquart), A. leptozona Hendel, A. serpentina (Wied) , A. distincta Greene, A. bahiensis Lima, A. antunesi Lima, A. coronilli Carejo e Gonzalez, A. furcata Lima, A. atrigona Hendel, A. flavipennis Greene, A. zernyi Lima and Anastrepha sp. 2 (not identified). The decisive factor governing the occurrence and population fluctuation of fruit flies was found to be the presence of fruit hosts rather than the abiotic factors. There was low correlation (r = 0.074, P > 0.05) between the number of fly/trap/day (FTD) and the precipitation. The time of highest precipitation coincided with the peak period of fructification. Unmeasured factors, such as alternative hosts, natural enemies and host succession probably influence the population of flies. For our knowledge, this is the first record of A. zernyi in Northern of Brazil.

ANÁLISE FAUNÍSTICA DOS PARASITÓIDES (HYMENOPTERA, BRACONIDAE) DE Anastrepha spp. (DIPTERA, TEPHRITIDAE) EM MANAUS E IRANDUBA, ESTADO DO AMAZONAS

A total of 2,630 braconids from Anastrephaspp. were recovered in four locations oftwo counties(Manaus and Iranduba) in Amazonas State, Brazil. The parasitoids belong to five species. Opiussp. was the predominant species, showing the highest frequency in the downtown region ofManaus. On the other hand, Doryctobracon areolatus(Szepligeti, 1911) was the predominant species in the countryside. For the faunistic analysis, each collecting site was considered a community. The coefficient of similarity between communities varied from 82 to 100%.

Biologia da mosca-megra-dos-citros, Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby(Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), em três plantas hospedeiras

The citrus blackfloy, Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby, was detected in Brazil in 2001. The aim of this research was to evaluate the biology, biometry and host preference of A. woglumi in sweet orange, acid lime Tahiti and mango. Experiments were set in laboratory conditions with insects collected in rangpur lime plants in Manaus, State of Amazonas, from January to June of 2006. The following parameters were evaluated: number of spirals (ovopositions) and eggs per plant, number of eggs by spiral per plant, survival of the immatures (eggs, 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th instars), and length and survival of the immature stage. The mean embrionary period was 15 days for the three hosts. The 4th nymph (puparium) was the longest during nymph development. Second and third instars had the highest survival. The mean length of the egg-adult cycle was 70 days for the three hosts evaluated. The eggs were laid in a spiral shape on the adaxial leaf surface. The 1st instars moved to short distances from the spiral, while the 2nd, 3rd and 4th are sessile and have bristles on the whole body. Based on the highest oviposition and the highest survival of the immature stage of the citrus blackfloy in acid lime Tahiti, this plant can be considered the most suitable host to A. woglumi.

Observações sobre a ocorrência de Mosca-Negra-dos-Citros, Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby, 1915 (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodidae) no estado do Amazonas

The citrus blackfly Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby, pest of citrus in Asian is considered important pest. It was detected for the first time in Belem, PA in 2001. The objective of this work was to report occurrence of the citrus blackfly in Amazon state. Nowadays is found in the majority of the oriental amazon counties. In Manaus, Amazonas was detected in June 2004, actually disseminated in the urban area and in Itacoatiara, Rio Preto da Eva and Iranduba counties. In observations in laboratory in Manaus-AM, was verified that the egg-adult cycle belonged to 71,76±2,07 days, characterizing as a multivoltin species.

Parâmetros biológicos e injúrias de Macrosoma tipulata Hübner (Lepidoptera: Hedylidae), em cupuaçuzeiro [Theobroma grandiflorum (Wild ex Spreng Schum)] no Amazonas

Biological aspects of the caterpillar Macrosoma tipulata Hubner and its damage to young leaves of Theobroma grandiflorum (Wild ex Spreng Schum) were studied under laboratory conditions of 24.5 ± 0.7oC, UR 61.6 ± 9.1% and 12h photophase. The larval stage presented five instars with a total duration of 15.9 ± 4.31 days, and survival of 98%. The pupal period stage was 7.0 ± 0.56 days for males and 6.9 ± 0.56 days for females, with 99% survival for both sex. The pupal mean length was 18.9 ± 0.89 mm for males and 19.1 ± 1.13 mm for females. The mean longevity of the adult was 10.3 ± 2.25 days. The vertical distribution of damage was relatively uniform, with a tendency of greater defoliation in the middle of the treetop, but without significant difference among the three positions.

Ocorrência de Tuthillia cognata Hodkinson, Brown & Burckhardt, 1986(Hemiptera: Homoptera, Psyllidae) em plantios experimentais de camu-camu Myrciaria dubia (H.B.K.) Mc Vaugh em Manaus (Amazonas, Brasil)

The cultivation of camu-camu Myrciaria dubia (H.B.K.) Mc Vaugh has presented countless phytosanitary problems, among them, Tuthillia cognata Hodkinson et al. (Hemiptera: Homoptera, Psyllidae), which often is noticed as a secondary pest. This study aimed to determine the level and the intensity of infestation (%) for T. cognata, as well as to study the biological cycle and behavioural aspects of T. cognata, in experimental plantation of camu-camu. 17 and 14 specimens from plantation I and II, respectively, were randomly selected. The arithmetic average, the standard deviation, the variance and the total amplitude were calculated for each studied variable. A level of infestation of 82% (plantation I) and 57% (plantation II), an intensity of infestation of 94% (plantation I) and 75% (plantation II) and an average number of six nymphs/leaf in each plantation were found, indicating that T. cognata is one of the key pest on this culture. Adults of Chrysoperla sp. (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and nymphs of Reduviidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), which can to be considered as probable biological control agents for T. cognata, were found in the plantations.

Baratas (Insecta, Blattaria) sinantrópicas na cidade de Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil

Collection of cockroaches from Manaus resulted in six species associated to human house, commercial buildings and educational buildings, being four species found predominantly indoor, Blatella germanica (Linnaeus, 1758), Supella longipalpa (Fabricius, 1798), Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus, 1758) and P. australasiae (Fabricius, 1775) and two species found predominantly outdoor, Pycnoscelus surinamensis (Linnaeus, 1758) and Blaberus parabolicus Walker, 1868 the latter two occasionally house-infesting species in the rainy season. P. americana was common either indoor and outdoor and P. australasiae infesting mainly boats. Color figures in natural size are presented for all species in order to help their identification.