Nero A Barreto

Vulvar Myiasis During Pregnancy

Myiasis is a parasitic infestation caused by the larvae of several fly species. Diagnosis and treatment are simple. The location of this infestation at the vulvar area is, however, an extremely rare occurrence. The authors present two cases of vulvar myiasis affecting pregnant women. The first case is a 19-year-old pregnant girl with vulvar myiasis and concomitant syphilis, vaginal trichomoniasis and genital candidiasis. The patient was also HIV-positive. The second case is a 17-year-old pregnant girl with vulvar myiasis associated with extensive vulvar condyloma acuminatum lesions.

Há aumento de dst no carnaval? Série temporal de diagnósticos em uma clínica de DST

OBJETIVO: As doencas sexualmente transmissiveis (DST) sao causas frequentes de procura por servicos de saude. As campanhas de midia sobre DST/Aids apoiam-se na hipotese de que ha maior exposicao as praticas de risco para DST na epoca do Carnaval. Nosso objetivo e estudar a distribuicao temporal dos atendimentos de primeira vez em uma clinica de DST no periodo de janeiro de 1993 a dezembro de 2005, visando verificar se ha um aumento sazonal apos o Carnaval. METODOS: Selecionamos 2.646 prontuarios com diagnostico de gonorreia, sifilis e tricomoniase de pacientes que procuraram o Setor de DST da Universidade Federal Fluminense em Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Na analise estatistica, utilizamos observacao da media padronizada do numero de atendimentos para os 13 anos, mes a mes, ano a ano, observacao da serie suavizada pelo metodo Lowess e pelo metodo deterministico da media movel. RESULTADOS: Os meses de julho e agosto concentraram o maior numero de diagnosticos de gonorreia e sifilis e os de junho e julho, os de tricomoniase. A gonorreia apresentou um valor maximo em maio, tendendo a se reduzir ate agosto. Com relacao a sifilis, observou-se um numero de diagnosticos constantes entre maio e agosto, havendo menor numero em janeiro e fevereiro com pico em novembro. O comportamento sazonal para a tricomoniase exibiu um maximo de diagnostico em julho com tendencia consistente de reducao ate o mes de dezembro, e elevacao a partir de janeiro. CONCLUSAO: O Carnaval nao influencia no aumento da ocorrencia de gonorreia, sifilis e tricomoniase em pacientes atendidos em uma clinica de DST em Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro.

Temporal disTribuTion of anTi-HiV serologic TesTs demand and posiTiViTy in a municipal cenTral laboraTory: are THere increased afTer carniVal?

Introduction: HIV infection can lead to a progressive immunosuppression and result in an AIDS-related infections complex and other manifestations in affected individuals. Data from the AIDS 2012 Epidemiological Bulletin from 1980 to 2010 reported 241,662 deaths from AIDS in Brazil. Niterói, in Rio de Janeiro State, is a medium-sized city, of 500,000 inhabitants approximately and expressive socioeconomic and cultural indicators. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between seasonal demand and positivity of anti-HIV tests in the Miguelote Viana Public Health Central Laboratory located in Niterói. Methods: This is a temporal series analytical cross-sectional study. Anti-HIV tests demand, positivity and days worked by Miguelote Viana Public Health Central Laboratory were analyzed from a database for the period from 2005 to 2010. Data was then statistically evaluated through a temporal series and hypothesis testing on tendency and seasonality. Miguelote Viana Public Health Central Laboratory is a reference center for the dosage of viral load and CD4 levels for all public health units of Niterói; also attending to the population of cities in Metropolitan Region II. This is an innovative research, since articles that relate anti-HIV tests demand increase/decrease with the respective months of the year have not been found yet. As a result, we present graphs, tables and charts. Results: From January 2005 to December 2010, we have registered 64,505 serological tests for HIV, as follows: 17.44% (11,252) in 2005; 16.36% (10,557) in 2006; 17.81% (11,494) in 2007; 17.12% (11,046) in 2008; 16.20% (10,452) in 2009; and 15.04% (9,704) in 2010. In annual average, the days worked per month were as follows: 20 in 2005; 19.5 in 2006; 19.8 in 2007; 19.6 in 2008; 19.7 in 2009 and 19.3 in 2010. The monthly average of days worked in the six years studied was: 21 in Jan; 17.3 in February; 21.6 in March; 17.3 in April; 20 in May; 18.6 in June; 21.6 in July; 22 in August; 20.3 in September; 20.3 in October; 17.3 in November and 18.6 days in December. The annual average of positivity in absolute numbers was as follows: 42.6 in 2005; 44.0 in 2006; 38.3 in 2007; 32.8 in 2008; 24.25 in 2009 and 25.25 in 2010. The average positivity per month in the six years studied was the following: 39.3 in January; 29.3 in February; 40.8 in March; 31.8 in April; 31.1 in May; 34.6 in June; 33.8 in July; 38.6 in August; 35.0 in September; 34.8 in October; 31.5 in November and 33.6 in December. The average percentage of positivity per month was as follows: January (4.35), February (3.85), March (3.95), April (3.88), May (3.56), June (2.34), July (3.54), August (3.80), September (3.79), October (3.60), November (3.92) and December (3.75). In the studied period (2005-2010), Carnival holidays occurred in the month of February, on the following days: 8, 28, 20, 5, 24 and 16, respectively. Conclusion: We observed no seasonal relation between demand and positivity of anti-HIV tests carried out at Miguelote Viana Public Health Central Laboratory. A significant statistical decrease occurred in both anti-HIV tests demand and positivity during the studied years of the 2005–2010 series.