Nilva Ré-Poppi

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil of Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg (Guavira)

The essential oils from Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg leaves, collected in the reproductive (flowering and fruit-bearing) and vegetative stages, were characterized by GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry). A total of 95 compounds of the essential oils were identified. In the reproductive stage (flowering) the major constituents were monoterpenes (limonene, α-pinene and β-pinene) while during the vegetative stage the major constituents were the sesquiterpenes (bicyclogermacrene and globulol). The essential oil of the reproductive stage shows high antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans, and all show moderate activity against Escherichia coli. The essential oils were also evaluated for their radical-scavenging activity by DPPH. The chemogeographical variations of the oil composition from the four distinct localities studied all contained α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene, linalool, β-caryophyllene, germacrene D and bicyclogermacrene, however the samples from Jardim city contained neither limonene nor linalool.

Characterization of pyroligneous acid used in agriculture by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

In this study, two kinds of samples of pyrolysis liquid were analyzed, one produced at laboratory and other acquired from a company that supplies agricultural inputs. The analyses were carried out by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The profiles corresponding to the two samples are discussed. Syringol, 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene, 2-metoxy-4-methylphenol, o-guaiacol and 5-tert-butylpyrogalol were the most abundant substances in the acid extract (pyroligneous acid + soluble tar). The composition of the pyrolysis liquids was mainly characterized for methoxyphenols (guaiacol, syringol and their derivatives), phenols, carboxylic acids (C5-C17) and in a smaller amount for alcohol (C5-C9), ketones (C7-C8) and aldehydes (C5-C7). The results for the foliar fertilizer showed the presence of soluble tar and pyroligneous acid.

Avaliação da concentração de alguns íons metálicos em diferentes espécies de líquens do cerrado Sul-Mato-Grossense

Concentrations of Fe, Mn, Co, Cr, Zn and Cu were determinated using flame atomic absorption spectrometry in nine lichen species of the Sul-Mato-Grossense cerrado. The average metal ion concentrations varied in the following ranges: Fe, 248.41-1568.01; Mn, 98.50-397.33; Co, 10.08-24.81; Cr, 18.24-44.26; Zn, 14.62-34.79 and Cu, 3.23-7.57 mg kg-1. Statistical analysis (Pearson and Cluster) applied to the metal ion concentrations indicated that the accumulation of these ions can be due to several anthropogenic sources including agricultural activities, mineral exploration, biomass burning, soil mineral composition and leather tanning processes by chromium.

Fruit Oil of Campomanesia xanthocarpa O. Berg and Campomanesia adamantium O. Berg

Abstract The essential oils obtained of the fruits from Campomanesia xanthocarpa and Campomanesia adamantium (Myrta-ceae) were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Thirty-seven and 38 components were identified in the fruit oil of C. xantho-carpa and C. adamantium, respectively. In the two species, the major constituent was cryptomeridiol (11.9–19.2%).

Fruit Oil of Bromelia balansae

Abstract The essential oil obtained of the fruits from Bromelia balansae (Bromeliaceae) collected in the Mato Grosso do Sul was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Thirty-five components were identified in the fruit oil. The major constituents in the fruit oil were cryptomeridiol (12.0%), spathulenol (7.5%) and globulol (7.2%).

Identification of the Volatile Compounds of Leaf Oil of Anacardium humile (Anacardiaceae)

Abstract The essential oil obtained from the leaves of Anacardium humile (Anacardiaceae) were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Thirty-five compounds were identified in the leaf oil. The major constituents in the leaf oil were α-bulnesene (8.6%), γ-cadinene (7.5%), selinα-3,7(11)-diene (6.7%), α-himachalene (6.1%) and cyperene (5.0%).

Essential oil composition of the leaves of Campomanesia pubescens

Campomanesia pubescens (Myrtaceae) is a native species found in Brazil [1]. The fruits are used to make liqueurs, juices, and sweets. The infusion leaves are used in folk medicine in the treatment of diarrhea and bladder diseases [2]. Pharmacological studies of the leaves of C. xanthocarpa reported antiulcerogenic activity [3] and help in reducing blood cholesterol [4]. Chemical studies of the leaves of this Campomanesia species have revealed the presence of quercetin, myricetin, and rutin by HPLC [5]. Studies of the seeds of C. lineatifolia reported the isolation of three yellow pigments named champanones [6]. Terpenoids, alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters, C13-norisoprenoids, furanic compounds, and β-triketones were identified in volatile extracts from pulp, peels, leaves, and seeds of C. lineatifolia [7]. Essential oils of the leaves of species of the genus Campomanesia such as C. guazumifolia, C. xanthocarpa, and C. rhombea were found to be rich in sesquiterpenes, while in C. aurea oil monoterpenes were predominant [8]. Other studies of C. xanthocarpa [9] and C. phaea [10] also showed high amounts of sesquiterpenes. Studies of the fruit essential oil of C. adamantium revealed that ocimene, 3-carene and limonene were the major constituents [11]. Recent studies of the fruits of Campomanesia adamantium showed 30 components in the essential oil [12]. Other studied showed 40 components in the fruit essential oil of C. adamantium with predominance of α-pinene, limonene, and β-(Z)-ocimene [13]. This present paper describes the compounds identified from the essential oil of the leaves of C. pubescens. The essential oil compositions are presented in Table 1. Sixty-one components were identified in the leaf essential oil, representing 94.8% of the total oil. The monoterpenes constitute the dominant fraction in the oil (60.3%), and it was particularly rich in monoterpene hydrocarbons (87.3% of this fraction). The sesquiterpenes fraction showed 34.5% of the total oil. The classification of the oil compounds based on functional groups is presented at the end of Table 1. The major constituents identified (representing 53.5% of the oil) were limonene (22.4%), α-pinene (13.3%), sabinene (9.5%), bicyclogermacrene (4.4%), and linalool (3.9%). Studies of the leaves in other species of Campomanesia showed that they are rich in sesquiterpenes, except C. aurea that is rich in monoterpenes [8, 10]. In the fruit of C. adamantium the predominant compounds were monoterpenes such as α-pinene and limonene [13], which were the major constituents in the leaf essential oil of C. pubescens. This work represents our contribution to a better knowledge of the Campomanesia genus.

Identification of the volatile compounds of flowers of Campomanesia sessiliflora O. Berg and Campomanesia xanthocarpa O. Berg.

Abstract The essential oils obtained from the fowers from Campomanesia sessiliflora and Campomanesia xanthocarpa were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Thirty-seven and 34 components were identifed in the fruit oil of Campomanesia sessiliflora and Campomanesia xanthocarpa, respectively. In two species the major constituent was ledol (15.6–18.9%).

Fruit Oil of Campomanesia pubescens (Myrtaceae)

Abstract The essential oils obtained from the fruits of Campomanesia pubescens O. Berg (Myrtaceae) collected in the Mato Grosso do Sul were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Thirty-eight components were identified in the fruit oil. The major constituent was cryptomeridiol (14.2%).

Identification of the Volatile Compounds of Flower Oil of Campomanesia pubescens (Myrtaceae)

Abstract The essential oil obtained of the flowers from Campomanesia pubescens (Myrtaceae) was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Thirty-eight compounds were identified in the flower oil of Campomanesia pubescens. The major constituents in the flower oil were ledol (19.8%), globulol (9.2%), α-cadinol (7.3%) and epi-α-muurolol (5.0%).