Ninna Nyberg Sørensen

The rise and fall of "internally displaced people" in the Central Peruvian Andes.

This article analyzes the possible effects of the introduction of the category of internally displaced people (IDP)--in the context of violent in central Peru. It gives an account of the ways in which the IDP category has been introduced and appropriated by local nongovernmental organizations people affected by violent conflict and displacement and by the governmental organization PAR set up to facilitate return and repopulation after the declared end of the armed conflict. The category has facilitated and given leverage to a national organization of IDPs. However the agencies and programs that work in support of IDPs tend to regard existing mobile livelihood practices as an impediment for advocacy and longer-term development strategies. This article suggests that instead of considering displacement (and return) as an absolute break with the past a focus on networks and mobile livelihoods may be a better way to help people affected by violent conflict to move beyond emergency relief. (authors)

Narrations of authority and mobility

Women and men use local experience and experiences gained elsewhere when they embark on migratory projects to reconfigure social space and practices back home. To explore this claim, the authors argue that we must analyze the relationship between mobility and authority, especially how experiences of mobility bestow authority on the moving subjects. This argument is illustrated by an examination of three differently situated narratives from which two interrelated fields of analysis emerge. One field is related to how authority is perceived in relation to control. The other field is related to the kinds of experience that are produced through acts and narrations of movement and how these experiences become articulated to provide authority to individuals. The authors conclude that movement may subvert and / or reproduce authority, just as authority may be both a source and an effect of movement.

Diffusing gender equality norms in the midst of a feminicide pandemic: The case of AMEXCID and decentralized Mexican South-South cooperation

Mexican development policy is guided by the country’s dual function as both a recipient and a provider of international cooperation. Over the past 17 years, the country has taken several initiatives to promote gender equality nationally, and today gender equality norms cut across Mexican priorities in foreign policy and South-South cooperation activities. Paradoxically, the gains achieved at policy formulating tables have been accompanied by a rise in gender-based violence. To approach this paradox, this article engages with gender equality norms to show how they have been introduced, developed and transformed in the context of a national security crisis and extreme violence directed at women. The analysis points to the important role of Mexican feminists and anti-feminicide activists in the promotion of gender equality norms, as well as to the existence of a political landscape in which structural inequality persists and such norms remain highly contested.

Migrants, Remittances and Hometown Associations in Promoting Development

Migration is linked to development in several complex and mutually interdependent ways. This chapter approaches this link through focussing on the role of migrant remittances and Hometown Associations (HTAs) in promoting development. Attention is paid to the money migrants send back to developing countries, the forms migrant transfers take and the factors that may influence the developmental impact of these transfers. How migration–development policy link up to migration control concerns is also debated. It is argued that no matter whether remittances are sent by individuals or through HTAs and diaspora groups, the developmental outcomes of these transfers cannot be assumed. In most instances, the effects of migration on development are far from straightforward, leaving the link unsettled, ambivalent and contentious or contested.

Great Recession, Migration Management and the Effect of Deportations to Latin America

This chapter considers the importance of the Great Recession on our thinking around the effects of migration on development in Latin America. Historically migration has played an important role in the globalization of Latin American livelihood and governance strategies and as such provided empirical background to the transnational migration paradigm and concepts such as transnationalism from ‘below’ and from ‘above’. The Great Recession and ensuing intensification and diversification of migration control nevertheless have made apparent that promises of development and global incorporation through migration not necessarily apply to marginalized sectors of society whose migrants often remain undocumented. The chapter argues that to the extent that pre-recession migrants with relative ease managed to settle the relationship between migration and development through more or less or self-determined processes of recruitment, remittances, and circularity, post-recession migratory projects are increasingly marked by strenuous experiences of irregularity, danger, debt and deportation.