Nobuo Mishima

An Evaluation of Increasing Building Height in Respect of Thermal Climate in a High Density City in South Asia Using Numerical Modeling

Abstract In this paper, the influence of building height on the thermal climate in urban canyons is discussed. The investigation was carried out using a three-dimensional numerical model with high spatial and temporal resolution that simulated the microclimatic changes in urban environments. Model calculations were performed for a typical summer day in Dhaka, Bangladesh, a city in South Asia with a high population density and tropical climate. Two existing urban canyons in the city center with different height to width ratios, and projected canyons with increased building heights were investigated for daytime conditions. The thermal climate was evaluated on the basis of solar radiation, air temperature Ta, and mean radiant temperature Tmrt, mostly along the pedestrian ways. The results show that with respect to daytime thermal climate depending on Ta, greater building height was more advantageous in the case of shallow canyons than for deeper canyons. However, the mean radiant temperature Tmrt on the pedestrian ways was found to be 30−40°C higher than Ta for sunny conditions; however, for shaded conditions, the difference was minimal. Finally, considerable decreases in Tmrt were found in projected canyons compared with existing canyons, especially during those times of the day when there is shade.

Spatial Development of Local Bantik Community in Malalayang, Indonesia

The Proximity between the central business district and the settlement has led to many changes in the local Bantik community. These include changes in the function of settlements, population size, location of residence, and the movement of local culture. This study aims to examine the spatial changes that occur in local neighborhoods with a focus on the Bantik tribal community in Malalayang. Data were obtained from a series of field observations, questionnaires and structured interviews. This study conducted a series of analyses on spatial patterns, sociocultural factors and urban policy. The results show that the dynamic changes are natural and hard to avoid, since they are related to the communitys needs and development of the city. In order to face the changes, adjustments in the values of the local community towards the settlement terms and conditions are necessary. In addition, an increase in internal resources for those local communities is needed. Bantik tribal settlements in Malalayang are located in the administrative area of the city of Manado, North Sulawesi, concentrating in the coastal areas. Because the local Bantik community is the only one of its kind found in Manado today, this cultural wealth in Manado needs to be protected and maintained. This paper raised issues rehabilitation of local settlement as one of the citys potential by looking at a variety of spatial-physical changes that have occurred in the settlement. City development is related to high population growth and the growth of business in the boulevard that intersects the settlement area directly puts, pressures on the city, resulting in a dramatic change in the existence of local settlements. The Bantik community has been affected by three types of spatial or physical factors: spatial pressure, psychological pressure and economic pressure (1). Based upon the data (Fig. 1), the Bantik population in

Urban Axis and City shape evaluation through spatial configuration in ‘Lan Na’ Northern Thailand Historic city

This paper revealed urban axis and city shape identity that influenced by its concepts and present activities issues in ‘Lan Na’ historic cities in northern Thailand. This study using space syntax technic called axial line analysis combined with GIS analysis, to examines how history geo-politic issues have influenced to its urban axis and network. Results show urban axis has highly coexisted with its city shape determined through high integrated axial lines. This city shape was, however, defined by its establishment concepts as ‘Sankh’, ‘Traiphum’ and freeform. Different shapes of urban axis have been determined by these concepts. As well as the largest public space in some ‘Lan Na’ historic cities, it directly attaches to high integrate lines that represent as urban axis core. However, depending on gradually develop influences, the function of public space in urban axis core has various types. Mostly, these spaces, have related to Buddhism religious usage or colonialism spaces. Settlement pattern using kernel analysis revealed that residents in every city settled in a tranquil area determined by space syntax. Additionally, settlement clusters adjacent to urban axis or high activities traffic. In summary, from reviewed historic cities in ‘Lan Na’, it found that this urban axis could be identified using multi-method. To enhance urban axis in historic cities, both object and subject aspect had to be revealed to apply as delicate historic conservation measures.

A STUDY ON LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES AT A RENOVATION PROJECT OF A VACANT HOUSE IN A CITY CENTER

江口克成— ———— * 1 田口陽子— ————* 2 三島伸雄— ————* 3 キーワード : 学習機会,学習支援,空き家改修,地域連携,建築教育