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Dive into the research topics where Noreen C. Facione is active.

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Featured researches published by Noreen C. Facione.


Journal of Nursing Education | 1994

Critical thinking disposition as a measure of competent clinical judgment: the development of the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory.

Noreen C. Facione; Carol A Sanchez

Assessing critical thinking skills and disposition is crucial in nursing education and research. The California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDI) uses the Delphi Reports consensus definition of critical thinking as the theoretical basis to measure critical thinking disposition. Item analysis and factor analysis techniques were used to create seven disposition scales, which grouped the Delphi dispositional descriptions into larger, more unified constructs: open-mindedness, analyticity, cognitive maturity, truth-seeking, systematicity, inquisitiveness, and self-confidence. Cronbachs alpha for the overall instrument, the disposition toward critical thinking, is .92. The 75-item instrument was administered to an additional sample of college students (N = 1019). The alpha levels in the second sample remained relatively stable, ranging from .60 to .78 on the subscales and .90 overall. The instrument has subsequently been used to assess critical thinking disposition in high school through the graduate level but is targeted primarily for the college undergraduates. Administration time is 20 minutes. Correlation with its companion instrument, the California Critical Thinking Skills Test, also based on the Delphi critical thinking construct, was measured at .66 and .67 in two pilot sample groups.


Social Science & Medicine | 1993

Delay versus help seeking for breast cancer symptoms: A critical review of the literature on patient and provider delay

Noreen C. Facione

Patient delay in seeking help for breast cancer symptoms and provider delay in treating those symptoms combine to decrease a womans potential for breast cancer survival. This paper reviews the literature on patient and provider delay published since 1975. Meta-analysis of 12 studies using common definitions of patient delay estimates that 34% of women with breast cancer symptoms delay help seeking for 3 or more months. Provider delay appears to be both under researched and underestimated. This review identifies the factors that have been advanced as contributing to patient and provider delay, evaluating the support for each of these reported findings. Theory-based hypotheses emerging from the reviewed studies highlight foci for future investigations.


Nursing Outlook | 1996

Externalizing the critical thinking in knowledge development and clinical judgment

Noreen C. Facione

C ritical thinking (CT) is increasingly being recognized as the cognitive engine driving the processes of knowledge development and professional judgment in a wide variety of professional practice fields. In 1990 a consensus definition of CT, the results of a Delphi research project sponsored by the American Philosophical Association (APA), was published. In describing CT, expert researchers and theoreticians said:


Oncology Nursing Forum | 2002

The influence of social support on breast cancer screening in a multicultural community sample.

Maria C. Katapodi; Noreen C. Facione; Christine Miaskowski; Marylin Dodd; Catherine M. Waters

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To examine the relationship between womens reported social support and their adherence to recommended breast cancer screening guidelines. DESIGN Descriptive, cross-sectional survey. SETTING Community womens organizations throughout the San Francisco Bay Area. SAMPLE 833 mostly low-income women with a mean age of 46.2 years from three racial or ethnic groups (i.e., Latina, Caucasian, and African American) who were not breast cancer survivors. METHODS Social support was measured with a five-item, four-point, Likert scale developed for the study (Cronbachs alpha = 0.7248). Adherence to screening guidelines was measured by asking frequency of performing breast self-examination (BSE) and frequency of obtaining a clinical breast examination (CBE) and a mammogram. Research assistants and leaders of womens organizations conducted the survey in work and community settings. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES Social support, performance of BSE, obtaining a CBE and a mammogram, income, education, spoken language, and level of acculturation. FINDINGS Higher levels of social support were related to higher income and higher education. Lower levels of social support were associated with being Latina, completing the survey in Spanish, and being born abroad. Women who did not adhere to screening guidelines (for BSE or CBE) reported less social support. CONCLUSIONS Social support is associated with adherence to breast cancer screening guidelines. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Nurses should assess womens levels of social support as a factor when evaluating adherence to breast cancer screening guidelines.


Cancer Nursing | 2000

Perceived risk and help-seeking behavior for breast cancer. A Chinese-American perspective

Noreen C. Facione; Carol Ann Giancarlo; Lilian Chan

Delay in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer diminishes a womans chance of survival. How do women decide whether and when to seek an evaluation of breast symptoms that may signal breast cancer? Prior studies of African-American, white, and Latino women have described a number of critical factors associated with making the judgment to delay, but at this writing, there have been no studies factors influencing Chinese-American women. By means of focus group methods in English, Mandarin, and Cantonese, a sample of 45, predominantly first-generation Chinese-American women explained their understanding of breast cancer risk and their likelihood of delaying versus seeking evaluation of self-discovered breast symptoms. There was much congruence with the ideas of other American women despite the differing cultural heritage. Unique to these Chinese Americans was a sense of invulnerability to breast cancer, a linking of cancer to tragic luck, and the predominant likelihood of delay. To preserve modesty and to conserve wealth and time, many study participants favored using Chinese medicine and delaying Western therapies. This study suggests ways by which health care providers must approach guidelines for breast cancer early detection in this population.


Cancer Nursing | 1998

Narratives of breast symptom discovery and cancer diagnosis: psychologic risk for advanced cancer at diagnosis.

Noreen C. Facione; Carol Ann Giancarlo

In spite of cancer screening programs, women continue to present with advanced breast cancer. How do women decide whether and when to seek an evaluation for self-discovered symptoms? This study examined 104 narratives told by 80 Anglo-, Latina-, and African-American women who participated in 1 of 16 community-based focus groups. The womens narratives contained powerful thematic messages about breast cancer and their expected behavior in the event of a self-discovered breast symptom. Narrative explanations that predicted an increased likelihood of advanced disease at diagnosis included these factors: incorrect symptom attributions and risk estimations; reluctance to consider the threat posed by the symptom; failure to tell another person about the symptom; and expectations of abandonment by male partners, deportation, prejudice, and refusal of treatment due to poverty. Stories of advanced breast cancer also told of reliance on alternative healing, concerns about overwhelming family resources, and extreme modesty that inhibited obtaining a physical examination. Interventions aimed at earlier detection of breast cancer must connect with the beliefs and assumptions embedded in these narratives, provide pragmatic solutions for perceived constraints on seeking evaluations of self-discovered symptoms, and explore the use of community narratives to confirm the value of early detection of breast cancer.


Nursing Research | 2007

Perceived prejudice in healthcare and women's health protective behavior.

Noreen C. Facione

Background: The literature documents significant claims of experienced prejudice in healthcare delivery in relationship to ethnicity, race, female gender, and homosexual orientation. Studies link perceived prejudice with negative healthcare outcomes, particularly in hypertension, heart disease, depression, and human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Objectives: To examine the impact of perceived prejudice in healthcare delivery on womens early cancer detection behavior and womens decisions to seek care for illness symptoms. Methods: Community women stratified by age, income, education, and race or ethnicity were surveyed regarding healthcare visits and cancer detection behavior. Perceived and experienced prejudice in healthcare delivery was measured by the Perceived Prejudice in Health Care Scale and follow-up interview. Results: Experienced prejudice in healthcare delivery was linked significantly with failed adherence to cancer screening guidelines and fewer provider visits for serious illness. After controlling for demographics, experienced prejudice explained significant variance in perceived access to care. Although many who experienced prejudice in relationship to their race, income level, sexual orientation, or a combination of these returned for healthcare services, others were alienated sufficiently to decrease their health protective behavior. Discussion: Subjective perceptions of prejudice are a significant influence in womens health protective behaviors. These findings demonstrate that policies requiring healthcare teams to be trained in professional ethics and cultural competence are vital to the goal of quality in care delivery and are needed to achieve optimal healthcare outcomes for women.


Cancer Nursing | 2007

Response shift: a theoretical exploration of quality of life following hematopoietic cell transplantation.

D. Kathryn Tierney; Noreen C. Facione; Geraldine Padilla; Marylin Dodd

Quality of life (QOL) has become an important outcome measure for evaluating the impact of cancer therapy, especially aggressive cancer therapies such as hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Despite the intense interest in examining the phenomenon of QOL, fundamental concerns remain. Most published QOL studies of HCT recipients do not state the theoretical model on which the investigation was designed. The absence of a theoretical foundation results in difficulties for healthcare professions to interpret the studys outcomes, generalize the findings and design and test theory-based interventions. Most HCT recipients report good to excellent QOL despite ongoing treatment-related sequela. This article explores the theoretical model of response shift as a means of understanding how HCT recipients maintain or improve their QOL after the treatment of life-threatening illness. Finally, a proposal for studying the QOL of HCT recipients based on the response shift model is offered, which includes a discussion of theory-based interventions.


Cancer Nursing | 2010

Why some women have an optimistic or a pessimistic bias about their breast cancer risk: experiences, heuristics, and knowledge of risk factors.

Maria C. Katapodi; Marylin Dodd; Noreen C. Facione; Janice Humphreys; Kathryn A. Lee

Perceived risk to a health problem is formed by inferential rules called heuristics and by comparative judgments that assess how ones risk compares to the risk of others. The purpose of this cross-sectional, community-based survey was to examine how experiences with breast cancer, knowledge of risk factors, and specific heuristics inform risk judgments for oneself, for friends/peers, and comparative judgments for breast cancer (risk friends/peers − risk self). We recruited an English-speaking, multicultural (57% nonwhite) sample of 184 middle-aged (47 ± 12 years old), well-educated women. Fifty percent of participants perceived that their breast cancer risk was the same as the risk of their friends/peers; 10% were pessimistic (risk friends/peers − risk self < 0), whereas 40% were optimistic (risk friends/peers − risk self > 0). Family history of breast cancer and worry informed risk judgments for oneself. The availability and cultural heuristics specific for black women informed risk judgments for friends/peers. Knowledge of risk factors and interactions of knowledge with the availability, representativeness, and simulation heuristics informed comparative judgments (risk friends/peers − risk self). We discuss cognitive mechanisms with which experiences, knowledge, and heuristics influence comparative breast cancer risk judgments. Risk communication interventions should assess knowledge deficits, contextual variables, and specific heuristics that activate differential information processing mechanisms.


International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology | 1991

Quality of life issues in chronic otitis media with effusion: parameters for future study

Noreen C. Facione

This pilot project studied 61 children with chronic otitis media with effusion. The 12-month period prior to ventilation tube surgery was compared with the 12 months after surgery with respect to numbers of health care visits, the use of antibiotics, parental perceptions of hearing and speech problems, and other selected parameters. Significant decreases were found in total health care visits (mean decrease: 6.18 visits, P less than 0.001). Ear-related health care visits also decreased significantly (mean decrease = 10.93, P less than 0.001). Total health care visits correlated strongly with visits for ear problems both before and after surgery (r = 0.4474, P less than 0.001). Usage of antibiotics significantly decreased. Parental reports concerning the issues of secondary speech and hearing problems raised questions for additional study. In addition, the qualitative comments offered by parents suggest the breadth of impact of chronic otitis media with effusion in this patient population, and point the direction for future research.

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Marylin Dodd

University of California

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Steven M. Paul

University of California

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Claudia West

University of California

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Debu Tripathy

University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

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Karen Schumacher

University of Nebraska Medical Center

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Kathryn A. Lee

University of California

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