Noriaki Nishiyama

DETERMINATION OF THE VALUE OF TOWNSCAPE AS A MODERN TOWN IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC ISLANDS

The townscape formation of the historic port town of Levuka was analyzed on the aspects of history, town structure and landscape structure to clarify the characteristics and the values of Levuka town. The results showed that the historic characteristics of the town is that the town was formed through prehistoric age, beachcomber, missionary, Fiji Rush, the capital and copra trading period and the elements which constructing the town structure and the townscape are remaining in the town as the evidences of the history. The characteristics of the town structure is that the structure is different from other planned and planted towns in terms of its disordered town structure including areas related to native villagers which are non geometrical and other areas related to European settlement which tend to be geometric. The characteristics of the townscape structure is that one or two storey shops with gable roofs are built along the coastal road and the church with clock tower built in the middle of shops, with setback from the road gives a variation to the streetscapes and one storey houses with hipped roofs and verandahs are built on hill side covered with green. The group of public buildings in the center of the town also gives characteristics to the town. The value of Levuka town is that the town structure which was formed as results of exchanges and negotiations between native villagers and Europeans are inherited, elements constructing the town structure and the townscape which are the evidence of the history of the town formed through disordered construction in early stage and the city infrastructure construction in colonial period, and of the town which have kept its character as a port town through all periods are inherited, and properties which are the evidences of the history from prehistoric age to modern age are inherited.

THE CONCEPT OF URBAN HERITAGE AND DISCOVERY OF CULTURAL RESOURCES IN HAGI CITY

The movement in Hagi city would show you an advanced example as the community development utilizing cultural heritages. 2 points could be clear after analyzing the background of its concept and the systems to work it out.1. At first, the concept of “Urban Heritage” can be explained by picking up “Culture Resources” in that area by an absolute scale and indicating them with a story of the city as “Urban Heritage” which has both elements, “ Authenticity” and “Integrity”.2. And next point is the management of these resources by the database. It makes them the basic document of the administration measure which can be public. Therefore, the locals and the private enterprise in utilizing them such as the making of scenes and tourism development can join the living environment maintenance. As a result, the preservation, the maintenance and the maintained situation are enabled.