Norio Fukuzaki

Annual and seasonal trends in chemical composition of precipitation in Japan during 1989–1998

Abstract Annual and seasonal trends were discussed for precipitation chemistry in Japan on the basis of a nationwide monitoring network by Japan Environment Agency. For this analysis, 17 sites, selected from the 23 network sites after evaluation of data completeness for the present purpose, were grouped into four areas in terms of the sea which could characterize each area: the Pacific Ocean, the Japan Sea, the Seto Inland Sea and the East China Sea areas. Major ion concentrations at each site were subjected to least-squares multiple regression analysis, and discussion was principally focused on the area-groups. Each area showed significant (p

A Case Study on Estimation of Dry Deposition of Sulfur and Nitrogen Compounds by Inferential Method

In order to estimate dry deposition, deposition velocity calculation and concentration measurement were carried out in Niigata, Japan. Deposition velocities of SO2 and HNO3 for some surfaces such as coniferous forest, deciduous forest, agricultural land, and water were calculated taking into account diurnal variations of meteorological elements using routine meteorological data. Deposition velocities of fine and coarse aerosols were also estimated respectively. Concentrations of SO2, HNO3, sulfate and nitrate in fine and coarse aerosols respectively were measured from July to December in 1998 using filter pack and denuder methods. The results indicate that HNO3 dry deposition for the high aerodynamic roughness surfaces such as forests is quite large. It is suggested that sulfate and nitrate aerosols depositions as well as the gases depositions should be taken into account to estimate dry deposition of sulfur and nitrogen compounds. It is also indicated that dry depositions of sulfur and nitrogen compounds are unable to ignore compared with their wet depositions.

Quality Control and its Constraints during the Preparatory-Phase Activities of the Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET)

Participating countries of the Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET) launched the preparatory-phase activities from April 1998. For the recognition and improvement of the analytical precision and accuracy, the Interim Network Center (INC) carried out the inter-laboratory comparison on the analysis of artificial rainwater samples and soil samples. Relevant laboratories submitted their analytical data to the INC for the evaluation. Submitted data were summarized and evaluated in terms of precision and accuracy, and were compared with the Data Quality Objectives (DQOs) of EANET. These inter-laboratory comparisons made clear the present conditions of laboratories as well as the major constraints that should be solved in the future.

Geographical and Temporal Variations of Chemical Constituents in Winter Precipitation Collected in the Areas Along the Coast Ofthe Sea of Japan

The geographical and temporal variations of chemical constituents in winter precipitation collected in the areas along the coast of the Sea of Japan (AASJ) were discussed by analyzing the data obtained in the 1st and 2nd National Add Deposition Survey by Japan Environmental Laboratories Associatioa In western Tohoku (WT) and Hokuriku (HR) areas in AASJ, in spite of large amounts of precipitation in winter; concentrations of non sea salt (nss-) are not as low as the other areas, and nss in these areas is lower than the other areas. As a result, FT concentrations of precipitation in these areas are somewhat higher than other areas. From the temporal analysis of daily sampled data and back trajectory analysis of air mass, it was found that the concentrations of nss-, and nss- are correlatively varied when air mass come from the Asian Continent, showing higher concentrations at the western sites in AASJ and depending on the meteorological conditions such as the direction of in flow air mass.