Noriyoshi Yokoo

A study on temperature distribution influenced by various land uses

Abstract This report discuss the relationship between air temperature and land uses, using data from the west of Hokkaido, the northern island of Japan. The relationship is based on a regression analysis between air temperature and land uses. The air temperature changes due to the height above sea level is also analyzed. Land uses are classified into four categories: (i) man-made areas; (ii) agricultural land; (iii) woods and forests; and (4) water areas. The results of the study showed that the man-made areas tended to raise the air temperature and the agricultural area to lower it, that the influence of woods and forests on temperature is small, and that areas of water intensely influence the minimum temperature. The effect due to altitude has been considered as 0.6°C per 100 m, similar to temperature change (0.6°C/100m) with height.

Performance of radiant cooling system integrated with ice storage

Abstract The purpose of this study is to design a hybrid system which is a combination of radiant cooling and low temperature air conditioning integrated with ice storage system. This paper reports the observed thermal environment of the chamber and results of experiments with subjects to grasp the optimum temperature and humidity of the room. In addition, a feasibility analysis for the hybrid system using conditioned air as a refrigerant was also studied with a computer calculations. This system produces comfortable environment and it is also possible to save energy consumption due to the reduction of electricity that could have been used on a fan.

Embodied Energy and CO2 Associated with Buildings by Using Input and Output Table in Japan

In July 2009, the 2005 basic Japanese input/output table was publicized together with its physical transaction table. This research paper analyzed the 2005 IO (input/output) table to create building industry-related intensities and, at the same time, compared the building industry with industries at large for distribution margins and transportation. The analysis of distribution margins separately for middle and purchaser margins found that middle margins in the building industry are minor at 35% of the averages for all industries, while purchaser margins are sizable at 1.8 times, proving that it is an industry for which local production for local consumption is quite effective. CO2 emissions resulting from transportation in the building industry were calculated and concisely characterized. Although the ratio of transportation CO2 emissions to total CO2 emissions in each industry finds almost no difference between general industries and the building industry, transportation CO2 emissions per production value are two to three times heavier than those from general industries to be justified as a transportation-intensive industry.

How Green Buildings Affect on Urban Infrastructure The Effect Of Reduced Water Consumption In Houses On Urban Waterworks And Sewage Systems

Environmental issues are increasingly getting concern in recent years and various environmental strategies are implemented in building level and city level. Green building or high performance building strategies is getting to be popular and enhanced in many cities today. The effect of wide spreading green buildings at the city level, however, is not clear from findings obtained from the perspective of individual buildings. In studying and planning effective building policies and measures, it is important to also consider the characteristics of cities and their infrastructures condition. In this light, we carried out case studies and quantified the environmental load reduction and economic effects of environmental measures taken at the individual building level to elucidate their effects on the city level. From among the various parameters of environmental performance, this analysis focuses on water consumption in buildings and its effects on urban water and sewage systems as one of examples. In this study...

COMPARISON OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSION DUE TO BUILDING CONSTRUCTION BETWEEN CHINA AND JAPAN

Energy consumption and CO2 emission due to construction of buildings in China and Japan are described in this report. As more than 400 industrial sectors are contained in Japanese IO table and 30 sectors in Chinese IO tables, energy consumption and CO2 intensities of dominant materials used in building are derived from energy consumption in factories and equipments are derived from IO analysis. Energy and CO2 intensities of main materials used in building construction in China and Japan and the calculation methods are shown in this report. Office buildings in both countries are calculated as a case study. The intensities of materials in China are 2-3 times larger than Japan and energy consumption and CO2 emission due to construction of office building in China is 10-20% larger than in Japan. Though energy consumption of structure in China is 2-3 times larger than in Japan, interior finish works and equipments for air conditioning etc. are smaller. Energy consumption due to Chinese office building construction are almost same as Japanese.