Norlida Abdul Manab

The Effects of Climate Change Risks on the Mud Architecture in Wadi Hadhramaut, Yemen

This study aims at studying the effects of climate change risks on the mud architecture in Wadi Hadramout, Yemen. The intention of this study was to contribute to mud architecture in Wadi Hadhramaut by identifying and addressing the effect of expected climate changes on mud architecture building to maintain this unique architecture and human heritage toward sustainable development. This study has concluded that climate change scenarios in Yemen, especially in Wadi Hadhramaut, indicate that a significant increase in the rated temperature in that region will appear in the fifth decade of this century. The scenarios also confirm on the expected increase in precipitation, which increases the probability of exposure to the mud architecture in the region to multiple risks and disasters that could reach the threat of the disappearance of villages and cities in Wadi Hadhramaut which contain more than 90% of the components of buildings currently made from mud architecture.

Sustainability Risk Management (SRM): An Extension of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) Concept

This paper aims to provide an insight of the Malaysian experience in terms of Risk Management practices and the integration of the sustainability as part of the enterprise risk management (ERM). Sustainability has been a paradigm shift in the business operations nowadays. The awareness by most of the companies in the world towards the environmental perils leads to the sustainability development. By emphasizing the sustainability risk management (SRM) and the sustainability agendas as part of corporate strategy, it’s not only effecting on the company’s financial performance but also maintaining the longer term of survival in the industry.

Employee Benefits in Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs): Practice and Challenges

This paper examines the emerging issues in the practice of Employee Benefits (EB) in SMEs. An insight of the types of employee benefits (EB) rationally offered in business is brought forward with its importance. Costs, minimum wage policy, non-monetary benefits, tax implications and cafeteria plan flexibility have been identified as issues and challenges for EB practices in SMEs. This paper contributes knowledge on the contemporary state of EB to the SMEs.

The Determinants of Share Market Response to Employee Share Option Plans Announcements and Implementations: A Review of the Malaysian Bourse

The globalization of society and the economy has had an impact on research and education and been influenced by them. In the case of Malaysia, a liberalized democratic education policy brought a sudden upsurge of foreign students to Malaysia in 1966, when the government introduced the Higher Education Act. Terms such as international education and global education were an expression of this development. To become a major player, however, Malaysia essentially needs to acquire global competencies, in curriculum, administrative ease or pricing, in order to make its location a strategic choice for post-secondary education. The globalization of markets and competition, rapid technological changes and changing relationships between states and firms require different approaches from those traditionally assumed. This chapter proposes the development of a coherent global education model of higher education, based on an eclectic-locational rather than a multidisciplinary approach. Although the first university was established in 1962, foreign student enrolments in Malaysia have only increased rapidly in the last 25 years. The total number increased from 32 in 1970 to 12,605 in 1999. While foreign students still represent less than 2 per cent of higher education enrolments in Malaysia, this proportion is likely to grow over the next decade as university enrolments increase and the government policy of liberalizing higher education continues.