Norman Ashford

LEVEL OF SERVICE DESIGN CONCEPT FOR AIRPORT PASSENGER TERMINALS -- A EUROPEAN VIEW

The concept of level of service has been developed by planners and designers to provide some degree of sensitivity in the processes of design and capacity analysis for transport facilities. By designating a number of service levels in lieu of a single capacity figure, a designer is able to evaluate the performance of a facility under the varying load conditions that might reasonably be anticipated in the life of that facility. Level of service analysis provides, to some degree, a measure of the comfort and convenience experienced by system users when the facility is operating at the various possible levels of design and service volumes. Allied with cost, the level of service criterion is a useful input to the design or operation of a transport facility.

Carrier Choices of Air Passengers in Pacific Rim: Using Comparative Analysis and Complementary Interpretation of Revealed Preference and Stated Preference Data

The flight choice behavior of Korean people for long-distance international air trips that take more than 10 hr air journey time was studied. Separate logit choice models were calibrated with revealed preference (RP) data and stated preference (SP) data, and the comparative analysis and the complementary interpretation of RP and SP data were tried. Required data were collected by the survey at Kimpo International Airport in Seoul, Korea, in 1993 and 1994. Journey time, air fare, service frequency, and nationality of airline were identified as major factors influencing flight choice in the market. It is remarkable that Korean airlines were considerably preferred in the market. Most Koreans are not fluent in English or other European languages and are not accustomed to western culture. This results in their preference for Korean airlines. Value of travel time and other trade-off ratios among variables to evaluate the relative importance of each factor were also identified through the results of RP and SP data analysis.

AIRPORT MANAGEMENT IN A CHANGING ECONOMIC CLIMATE.

The paper deals with the rapidly changing climate of aviation in a climate of movement toward liberalization, deregulation and privatization. After discussing the principal motives for deregulation and privatization, the author deals with the various methods currently used for effecting privatization of airports. A categorization of airports is produced depending on airport function, scale and political jurisdiction to identify how the volatility of air transport demand can seriously affect the viability and profitability of long term investment plans of individual airports.

An application of a comparative analysis of revealed preference and stated preference methods to the air transport choice problem

This paper examines the travel behaviour of air transport passengers originating in Seoul and destined for six American and European cities: Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco, Frankfurt, Paris and London. The research surveyed several hundred travellers and modelled their behaviour with respect to travel mode choice using revealed preference and stated preference techniques. Revealed preference models were constructed in which four variables — journey time, fare paid, flight frequency and airline nationality — were utilised. Using separately executed surveys of passengers, stated preference techniques were used to build models of passengers mode choice using the same variables. Journey time, fare paid and flight frequency were found to be significant at the 99 percent level and airline nationality only at the 90 percent level. The two sets of models were compared and found to be reasonably comparable. It is recommended that stated preference techniques are used where possible to avoid the problems of m...

Knowledge based decision support in airport terminal design

The state of the art in airport terminal design has essentially remained unchanged since the 1970s, relying on the use of detailed simulation together with empirical and statistical formulae for sizing the terminal. Air transport has altered considerably since then, with increased use of air travel for both business and leisure, together with the increased use of ‘hub’ terminals in which the terminal acts as an interchange stop on a journey involving several flights. The use of simulation involves a detailed analysis of the terminal design under one set of conditions. To change the design or operating conditions involves a complete resimulation using the new design parameters which is time consuming and computationally expensive. By using a knowledge based approach, a system can be provided which has the flexibility and speed required to explore the consequences of implementing design decisions in a variety of conditions, together with the ability to use and alter facility sizing methodologies to reflect ...

AN APPROACH TO LEVEL OF SERVICE DESIGN OF AIR FREIGHT TERMINALS FOR SMALL EXPRESS PARCELS

A framework is presented for determining design standards for air freight terminals for small express parcel operations. A theory is developed based on the well known characteristics of traffic flow and this is tested against actual flow characteristics at a small parcels terminal. Using a level of service approach, the authors derive design standards for such facilities.

TRANSPORT FOR THE ELDERLY AND THE HANDICAPPED - AN OVERVIEW FROM THE LATE 70'S

Over the last ten years, there has been considerable interest in a number of countries in the accessibility and mobility problems of the transport disadvantaged particularly the elderly and the handicapped. The authors summarize the rationale that has been used in the examination of needs and demand and in the provision of infrastructure in the form of vehicles and installations. The paper outlines some of the more important policies relating to the United States, Great Britain, France and a number of other countries.

The Provision of Transport for the Handicapped

Abstract A number of publications are reviewed dealing with the problems of, and the provision of transport for, individuals with mobility handicaps. These demonstrate that much has been done, but a great deal more remains to be accomplished. Even the basic question of whether to provide fully accessible transport for the handicapped, or construct special systems designed to meet their mobility needs, remains unresolved in most countries. A review of the alternative methods of meeting the transport needs of the handicapped suggests that in certain modes, particularly walking, the designer could substantially improve the mobility of the disabled. By contrast, the design of specialised systems may not be cost effective, partly because the physically disabled do not constitute a uniform user group. However, the greatest difficulty is seen to rest with the expensive modification of existing transport systems. Progress in this field is expected to be slow and vary between different countries, but continuous, l...

Airport Ramp Risk Analysis and Management System

The aviation industry is experiencing intense interest in the safety of handling operations at airports. This is because of the level of risk exposure identified in this area, the exposure of expensive aircraft to such high levels of risk, and the increasingly high cost of ramp accidents. The costs to the industry are becoming unacceptable; a global estimate has been made by Boeing of

The impact of the Microwave landing system (MLS) on runway capacity at British regional airports

2 billion per year to airlines. To minimize these costs and control the level of ramp accidents, an overall ramp safety management system approach is required that involves risk analysis and risk management. Risk analysis involves establishing the organizations risk profile, and risk management encompasses the various measures that can be implemented to minimize accidents, control loss, and transfer risk by insurance on the basis of the identified risk profile of an organization. A systems approach to ground handling risk analysis and a description of a spreadsheet-based model developed at Loughborough University for ramp risk management within an organization, such as an airport, airline, or ground handling agent, are presented. The work has been carried out in response to the demonstrated need of industry to control in a systematic manner rapidly rising ramp accident costs that are currently almost universally treated as an unavoidable cost marginal to the core business.