Norzanah Rosmin

Power optimization for a small-sized stall-regulated variable-speed wind turbine

This paper focuses on power optimization for a small-sized stall-regulated variable-speed (SS-SR-VS) wind turbine system. In this paper, the behavior of the SS-SR-VS wind turbine during power optimization is demonstrated. The Speed Loop Control method with the assistance of classical Proportional Integral (PI) controller is used. Controller parameter is designed based on the linearization process, and the pole-placement procedure has been applied during the controller tuning. Further improvement is then done by using the Good Gain method. The comparison between these two methods is presented. Results show that the turbine speed, generator speed and hence the generated power can be optimized at the optimum values corresponding to the wind speed variations during power optimization.

The reduction of Total Harmonic Distortion and electromagnetic interference in high pressure sodium street lighting using single stage electronic ballast

This paper presents the design of single stage electronic ballast for a conventional 250W High Pressure Sodium (HPS) street lighting. Historically the HPS street lighting operating hours is from sunset to dawn which is 12 hours in full brightness. The existing conventional street lighting HPS are powered by magnetic ballasts. The magnetic ballast is a device which consists of coil and core. It is an uncontrolled device, not energy efficient and generate flicker before it can give steady light. The use of electronic ballast provides a rapid start and energy efficient but will create electromagnetic interference and harmonic. This will reduce the circuit performance. To overcome the problems, the single stage design electronic ballast is used for the HPS lamp. The effect of the electromagnetic interference (EMI) and harmonic to the designed system is assessed. This is performed in three different stages; (i) with and without EMI filter, (ii) the half-bridge and (iii) the full-bridge inverter. For stage (ii) and (iii), the comparison of harmonic produced in electronic ballast was evaluated. The operating frequency for electronic ballast is 68 kHz. The findings show that the Total Harmonic Distortion current (THDi) of 5.55% for full bridge inverter compared to the half bridge inverter with THDi of 8.73%. A reduction of 36% of THD is obtained when full bridge inverter is applied. The current waveform result indicates a reduction of 25% without EMI filter from the original waveform. The reduction of both EMI and THDi can give benefit to street lighting system and energy efficiency.

Design and simulation of electronic ballast performance for high pressure sodium street lighting

A novel method of reducing the energy consumption of street lighting using electronic ballasts was simulated on 277 units of 250 W high pressure sodium (HPS) street lights for a month. The design of the electronic ballast is detailed. A control system was utilised to dim the lights at hours of reduced traffic. The energy consumption was compared to that of the conventional system. The electronic ballast operates at a higher frequency and corrects any power distortion in the supply. Together with the light dimming capability, the electronic ballast increased the efficiency of the lighting system resulting in a monthly saving of 10.7 MWh, giving a monthly equivalent carbon dioxide reduction of 6.1 tonnes. In Malaysia, this would translate to a monthly cost saving of 37.7%.

Efficiency optimization of an induction machine using optimal flux control

This paper presents the efficiency optimization of a variable speed induction machine (VSIM) using an Optimal Flux Control (OFC). To optimize the efficiency, an approach called as Maximum Torque per Ampere (MTA) algorithm was used to provide the constant optimal flux (COF) during the speed control, where the minimisation of the winding losses is considered along the operation. In this paper, the total power and total power loss during machine motoring is presented. The performance of the proposed OFC design is compared with the conventional open-loop scalar-control (OLSC) method. From the finding, it was found that the COF approach provides better performance than the OLSC in terms of settling time, steady-state error and efficiency.

A Performance Comparison of Three Micro-Sized Blade Rotor Designs for Malaysia Wind Speed Condition

Vertical-Axis Wind Turbines (VAWTs) are known as the most suitable wind turbine for small-scale electrical generation. There are many types of VAWTs and each of it has different performances and efficiency. In this work, three types of VAWT systems (Savo-B2, Savo-B4 and Giro-B3) were designed, constructed and tested to investigate the amount of electrical power that could be generated under several constant wind speeds. The blade rotors were designed and built using 2 mm thickness of aluminum plate. The tip speed ratios, power coefficients, blade rotations for each blade rotor and the simplicity of the proposed designs were studied via an experimental setup. The experimental work demonstrates that Savo-B2 provides the highest power coefficient which is up to 0.32. Meanwhile, Giro-B3 offers the fastest rotational blade speed, up to 20.53 rad/s, among the three designs.

Stall-regulated variable-speed wind turbine Simulink model

In this paper, a modular SIMULINK implementation of a stall-regulated variable-speed wind turbine (SRVSWT) model is described in a step-by-step approach. SIMULINK is chosen as the numerical environment in this work because it is a powerful modern software package that provides a convenient tool for simulation work instead of compilation of several program codes. With the modular system, each block solves one of the model equations. The preliminary results of the model characteristics for each block are presented. The authenticity of the developed sub-model is verified for each model before the combination of the full model is constructed. Methods for gathering the unavailable modelling data parameters are also discussed. Finally, the use of the model as a stall-regulated variable-speed wind turbine is demonstrated.

Performance of a Small-sized Savonious Blade with Wind Concentrator

With the rapid growth of communications via the Internet, the need for an effective firewall system which has not badly affect the overall network performances has been increased. In this paper, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) -based firewall system with high performance has been implemented using Network FPGA (NetFPGA) with Xilinx Kintex-7 XC7K325T FPGA. Based on NetFPGA reference router project, a NetFPGA-based firewall system was implemented. The hardware module performs rule matching operation using content addressable memory (CAM) for higher speed data processing. To evaluate system performance, throughput, latency, and memory utilization were measured for different cases using different tools, also the number of rules that an incoming packet is subjected to was varied to get more readings using both software and hardware features. The results showed that the designed firewall system provides better performance than traditional firewalls. System throughput was doubled times of the one with Linux-Iptables firewalls.

Impact of Different Time of Use Electricity Pricing Structure on Residential Consumer

With the rapid growth of communications via the Internet, the need for an effective firewall system which has not badly affect the overall network performances has been increased. In this paper, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) -based firewall system with high performance has been implemented using Network FPGA (NetFPGA) with Xilinx Kintex-7 XC7K325T FPGA. Based on NetFPGA reference router project, a NetFPGA-based firewall system was implemented. The hardware module performs rule matching operation using content addressable memory (CAM) for higher speed data processing. To evaluate system performance, throughput, latency, and memory utilization were measured for different cases using different tools, also the number of rules that an incoming packet is subjected to was varied to get more readings using both software and hardware features. The results showed that the designed firewall system provides better performance than traditional firewalls. System throughput was doubled times of the one with Linux-Iptables firewalls.

Mixed Integer Linear Programming for Maintenance Scheduling in Power System Planning

Received Mar 3, 2018 Revised Apr 11, 2018 Accepted Apr 21, 2018 Paintball has gained a huge popularity in Malaysia with growing number of tournaments organized nationwide. Currently, Ideal Pro Event, one of the paintball organizer found difficulties to pair a suitable opponent to against one another in a tournament. This is largely due to the manual matchmaking method that only randomly matches one team with another. Consequently, it is crucial to ensure a balanced tournament bracket where eventual winners and losers not facing one another in the very first round. This study proposes an intelligent matchmaking using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and tournament management system for paintball organizers. PSO is a swarm intelligence algorithm that optimizes problems by gradually improving its current solutions, therefore countenancing the tournament bracket to be continually improved until the best is produced. Indirectly, through the development of the system, it is consider as an intelligence business idea since it able to save time and enhance the company productivity. This algorithm has been tested using 3 size of population; 100, 1000 and 10,000. As a result, the speed of convergence is consistent and has not been affected through big population.N. N. S. Abdul Rahman, N.M. Saad, A. R. Abdullah, M. R. M. Hassan, M. S. S. M. Basir, N. S. M. Noor 1,2,4,6Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia 2,3Center for Robotics and Industrial Automation, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia 3,5Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, MalaysiaLight rail transit (LRT), or fast tram is urban public transport using rolling stock similar to a tramway, but operating at a higher capacity, and often on an exclusive right-of-way. Indonesia as one of developing countries has been developed the LRT in two cities of Indonesia, Palembang and Jakarta. There are opinions toward the development of LRT, negative and positive opinions. To reveal the level of LRT development acceptance, this research uses machine learning approach to analyze the data which is gathered through social media. By conducting this paper, the data is modeled and classified in order to analyze the social sentiment towards the LRT development.Mohamad, S., Nasir, F.M., Sunar, M.S., Isa, K., Hanifa, R.M., Shah, S.M., Ribuan, M.N., Ahmad, A. 1,4,6,7,8Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia 1,2,3UTM-IRDA Digital Media Centre, Media and Game Innovation Centre of Excellence, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia 1,2,3Faculty of Computing, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia 5Centre for Diploma Studies, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia 6Research Centre for Applied Electromagnetics, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, MalaysiaReceived Jan 31, 2018 Revised Apr 21, 2018 Accepted Apr 30, 2018 Bluetooth is an emerging mobile ad-hoc network that accredits wireless communication to connect various short range devices. A single hop network called piconet is the basic communication topology of bluetooth which allows only eight active devices for communication among them seven are active slaves controlled by one master. Multiple piconets are interconnected through a common node, known as Relay, to form a massive network called as Scatternet. It is obvious that the performance of Scatternet scheduling is highly dependent and directly proportionate with the performance of the Relay node. In contrary, by reducing the number of Relays, it may lead to poor performance, since every Relay has to perform and support several piconet connections. The primary focus of this study is to observe the performance metrics that affects the inter-piconet scheduling since the Relay node’s role is like switch between multiple piconets. In this paper, we address and analyze the performance issues to be taken into consideration for efficient data flow in Scatternet based on Relay node.

Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Battery Charger for a Small Wind Power System

This paper focuses on charging process of the battery charger for a small wind turbine system to track the highest power point in order to harvest the maximum output in the wide range of wind speed variations. The Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) method with the assistance of classical Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller is used. The issue regarding how this charging process is managed was studied. Smart management during battery charging process is significantly required since the lack of charging management may affecting the battery’s performance, particularly in terms of its lifetime and the degradation rate. Hence, in this paper, a battery charger with an effective performance is designed using the concept of controlling the pulsating charging current which is implemented by discontinuous conduction mode operation of a power converter. Results show that the efficiency of the charging process is good since the resulting pulsating current is working as expected and protection scheme worked well during the charging process by using buck-converter. This method enables the overcharging and overvoltage to be avoided. Besides that, it provides another feature where the self-discharging process can be avoided by providing small current flow in order to prolong the battery’s lifetime.