Nuning Vita Hidayati

Source apportionment of sedimentary hydrocarbons in the Segara Anakan Nature Reserve, Indonesia

The study aimed to determine the spatial distribution of n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediments of the Segara Anakan nature reserve and their potential origins using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Total alkane concentrations ranged from 3755 to 129,027 μg kg(-1), and the concentrations of 16 PAHs ranged from 375 to 29,517 μg kg(-1). The ratios of specific n-alkanes (e.g., CPI(24-34), WaxC(n), and Paq), including a new proposed index, terrestrial-marine discriminant (TMD), as well as the ratios of selected PAHs (e.g., Ant/∑178, Fl/∑202, BaAnt/∑228, and IPyr/∑276), showed that the sources of hydrocarbons in the sediments were generally biogenic, including both terrigenous and marine, with an anthropogenic pyrolytic contribution (petrogenic and biogenic combustion). For the environmental risk assessment, a sediment quality guideline (SQGs) comparison indicated that the station risk levels ranged from low to medium-low, except for R6, which has a greater impact on the ecological risk for marine organisms.

The Bioremediation Potential of Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria Isolated From a Mangrove Contaminated by Petroleum Hydrocarbons on the Cilacap Coast, Indonesia

ABSTRACT The main purpose of the study was to isolate strains of bacteria capable of degrading hydrocarbons from contaminated mangroves and to investigate the ability of the isolated bacteria to degrade total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in a microcosm model of an oily sludge. The potential use of these bacteria strains as environmental clean-up agents was tested by culturing them with six different polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds (phenothiazine, fluorene, fluoranthene, dibenzothiophene, phenanthrene, and pyrene). Six viable and culturable bacteria were isolated, and the 16S rDNA sequence for each was amplified using the primers 9F and 1510R. Sequence results were compared using the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) BLAST program and, combined with phenotypic and phylogenetic data, were used to identify three strains that belonged to the Bacillus genus and were most closely related (98–99%) to Bacillus aquimaris, Bacillus megaterium, and Bacillus pumilus. The other three strains were closely related (98–100%) to Flexibacteraceae bacterium, Halobacilus trueperi, and Rhodobacteraceae bacterium. Two isolates, BA-PZN and BM-PFFP, which were related to Bacillus aquimaris and Bacillus megaterium, respectively, were further characterized and showed great potential for the removal of more complex hydrocarbon compounds in the oily microcosm model.

Heavy metal concentrations in natural and human-impacted sediments of Segara Anakan Lagoon, Indonesia

AbstractThe concentrations of eight elements (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Ti, V, and Zn) in surface sediments from Segara Anakan Nature Reserve (SARN), Indonesia, were determined using inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectroscopy following microwave-assisted acid digestion. In general, the heavy metal concentrations of the sediments were found to decrease in the sequence Fe > Ti > Mn > Zn > V > Cu > Cr > Ni. Sediment pollution assessment was carried out using a pollution status index contamination factor, pollution load index, geoaccumulation index, and enrichment factor as well as by comparing the measured values with two sediment quality guidelines, i.e., threshold effect level and probable effect level. The evaluation showed that in the refinery site stations, Cr, Ni, and Zn concentrations found in the SANR sediments may cause the adverse effect to occur over a wider range of organisms and can contribute to a more serious harmful effect. Graphical Abstractᅟ

Beach macro-litter monitoring and floating microplastic in a coastal area of Indonesia

Qualitative analysis of the structures of the polymers composing floating plastic debris was performed using attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and the aging of the debris was assessed by measuring carbonyl group formation on the particle surfaces. Plastic material made up >75% of the 2313 items collected during a three-year survey. The size, shape and color of the microplastic were correlated with the polymer structure. The most abundant plastic materials were polypropylene (68%) and low-density polyethylene (11%), and the predominant colors of the plastics were white, blue and green. Cilacap Bay, Indonesia, was contaminated with microplastic at a concentration of 2.5mg·m3. The carbonyl index demonstrated that most of the floating microplastic was only slightly degraded. This study highlights the need to raise environmental awareness through citizen science education and adopting good environmental practices.