Nurgul K. Bakirhan

Recent progress on the sensitive detection of cardiovascular disease markers by electrochemical-based biosensors

HighlightsCardiovasculer disease biomarkers were defined.Electrochemical studies of cardiovasculer disease biomarkers were presented according to the recent literture survey.Electrochemical cardiac sensors and fabrication materials were given in details. ABSTRACT Cardiovascular disease is the most reason for deaths in all over the world. Hence, biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases are very crucial for diagnosis and management process. Biomarker detection demand is opened the important way in biosensor development field. Rapid, cheap, portable, precise, selective and sensitive biomarker sensing devices are needed at this point to detect and predict disease. A cardiac biomarker can be orderable as C‐reactive protein, troponin I or T, myoglobin, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin‐6, interleukin‐1, lipoprotein‐associated phospholipase, low‐density lipoprotein and myeloperoxidase. They are used for prediction of cardiovascular diseases. There are many methods for early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, but these have long time process and expensive devices. In recent studies, different biosensors have been developed to remove the problems in this field. Electrochemical devices and developed biosensors have many superiorities than others such as low cost, mobile, reliable, repeatable, need a little amount of solution. In this review, recent studies were presented as details for cardiovascular disease biomarkers detection using electrochemical methods.

The Detection of Pesticide in Foods Using Electrochemical Sensors

Abstract Pesticides involving fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides are widely used in most food production to control pests (e.g., insects, fungi, rodents, worms, and herbs) that would otherwise destroy or reduce food production. In the area of agriculture, the usage of insecticides, herbicides, molluscicides, and fungicides has an increasing importance. Pesticides might be harmful as well as have beneficial effects. Pesticides may also be nonbiodegradable, so they persist in the environment and may accumulate in living organisms. Many pesticides are toxic property, so they can be dangerous to health. Some health problems can occur, such as bone marrow disorders, carcinogenicity, infertility, cytogenic effects, neurological diseases, and immunological and respiratory problems. Hence, food control is very important and necessary for living organisms. To date, many methods have been applied to determine pesticide residues in food samples. Electrochemical method is one of the analytical methods which can provide sensitive, reliable, short analysis time, and no pretreatment steps can be easily miniaturized and integrated with respect to other analytical methods. In this chapter, to control pesticides in food samples, developed modern electrochemical methods were given with new, sensitive, and selective sensors.

Sensitive and Selective Assay of Antimicrobials on Nanostructured Materials by Electrochemical Techniques

Abstract Nanostructured materials have wide applications in the field of electrochemistry because of their electronic, mechanical, magnetic, and optical properties. In the past decades, there has been increasing interest in nanostructured materials such as inorganic nanostructured materials (metal, metal oxide, magnetic, semiconductor nanoparticles) and polymers (conducting, semiconducting polymers). An antimicrobial is an agent that kills microorganisms or inhibits their growth. Antimicrobial drugs are very crucial for people, foods, animals, and agriculture. In this chapter, a classification of antimicrobial agents and their fields of use, electrochemical techniques, nanostructured material types and applications, and antimicrobial determination (on nanostructured materials) by sensitive and selective electrochemical techniques are given in detail.