Nurul Akmal Che Lah

Temperature-dependent properties of silver-poly(methylmethacrylate) nanocomposites synthesized by in-situ technique

Ag/PMMA nanocomposites were successfully synthesized by in-situ technique. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show that the particles are spherical in shape and their sizes are dependent on temperature. The smallest particle achieved high stability as indicated from Zeta sizer analysis. The red shift of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) indicated the increases of particle sizes. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns exhibit a two-phase (crystalline and amorphous) structure of Ag/PMMA nanocomposites. The complexation of Ag/PMMA nanocomposites was confirmed using Raman spectroscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra confirmed that the bonding was dominantly influenced by the PMMA and DMF solution. Finally, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results indicate that the total weight loss increases as the temperature increases.

Optical and thermodynamic studies of silver nanoparticles stabilized by Daxad 19 surfactant

Abstract A method for the reduction of AgNO3 in aqueous Daxad 19 solution is presented in this study. The relationships between the size, shape and optical properties of silver nanoparticles are highlighted while controlling synthesis. The variation of size and shape of silver nanoparticles with the change in reactant temperatures are obtained from the transmission electron microscopy images. Ultra violet-visible spectra show that the Surface Plasmon Resonance peak is shifted to the lower wavelength with decreases in particle size. Gibbs free energies (Gf) of silver nanoparticles were calculated by using the data obtained from UV-Vis spectra. Calculation results proved that the Gf of silver nanoparticles have an intimate relationship with the particle size and shape. Gf increases significantly with decrease in particle size. However, the value dropped significantly after the increase in particle size.

Electrochemical Deposited Nickel Nanowires: Influence of Deposition Bath Temperature on the Morphology and Physical Properties

This paper investigates the influence of the electrolytic bath temperature on the morphology and physical properties of nickel (Ni) nanowires electrochemically deposited into the anodic alumina oxide porous membrane (AAO). The synthesis was performed using nickel sulfate hexahydrate (NiSO4.6H2O) and boric acid (H3BO3) as an electrolytic bath for the electrochemical deposition of Ni nanowires. During the experiment, the electrolyte bath temperature varied from 40°C, 80°C, and 120°C. After the electrochemical deposition process, AAO templates cleaned with distilled water preceding to dissolution in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution to obtain free-standing Ni nanowires. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis were employed to characterize the morphology and physical properties of the synthesized Ni nanowires. Finding reveals the electrodeposition bath temperature significantly influences the morphology and physical properties of the synthesized Ni nanowires. Rougher surface texture, larger crystal size, and longer Ni nanowires obtained as the deposition bath temperature increased. From the physical properties properties analysis, it can be concluded that deposition bath temperature influence the physical properties of Ni nanowires.

A Resonant Type AC Magnetometer for Evaluation of Magnetic Nanoparticles

Characterization of magnetic nanoparticles is crucial in order to optimize them for different applications requiring specific characteristics. In this article, we report a characterization system using AC susceptibility method. An AC magnetometer system which is composed of the induction coil and resonant capacitors is developed to evaluate the performance of the magnetic nanoparticles. The induction coil consists of excitation and detection coil. The excitation coil is designed with solenoid coils and fabricated with a Litz wire which is composed of 60 strands of copper wire with 0.1 mm diameter to reduce the increase of AC resistance at high frequency. The detection coil is designed to be a first-order differential coil which is used to reduce the environmental noise and cancel the excitation magnetic field. The detection coil is fabricated with a copper wire and it is placed at the center of the excitation coil. The excitation coil is connected to the resonant capacitors to cancel the reactant component and to permit the high magnetic field in the high-frequency region. The resonant capacitors are fabricated with multiple values of capacitors. When the developed system is in the resonant mode, the current flow is constant up to the frequency of 32.5 kHz. The developed system can evaluate the magnetic nanoparticles at different frequency responses. Using the developed system, it is shown that the Neel particles exist inside the solution of magnetic nanoparticles used in this study.

Engineered Nanomaterial in Electronics and Electrical Industries

Abstract The explorations of the innovative properties of engineered nanomaterials specifically in electronics and electrical applications are not new and yet are progressing, particularly in the size-tuning-based assembly. Recently, the new approach in combining broad classes of dissimilar engineered materials into heterogeneous integrated electronic device systems with multiple dimensional layouts (e.g., nanotube, nanowires, and nanoribbons) has become one of the promising routes in yielding high-throughput performance integrated electronics on rigid and flexible device substrates. With different forms of engineered materials needed in everything from high-performance nanostructures to thin film electronic devices, it is crucial to understand the aimed needs of the application when considering new nanomaterial options. In this chapter, we thoroughly reviewed the current issues regarding engineered nanostructures and manufactured nanomaterials technologies in which their newness should evidently improve the classical margin and retention performance toward successful commercial deployment in nanoelectronic areas. Within the current blossoming era of functional layers of printed and flexible electronics, the review also featured particular focus on the soft engineered materials processing, competitive device fabrication and performance, reliability, and low-cost manufacturing as well as the status of commercialization upon suitable large-scale manufacturing routes. The significant impact on the engineered materials processes, product fabrications, and applications within flexible electronics are also highlighted.

Development of a compact and sensitive AC magnetometer for evaluation of magnetic nanoparticles solution

A compact and sensitive AC magnetometer is developed for evaluation of magnetic nanoparticles solution. The developed AC magnetometer consists of two main parts; excitation and detection coil systems. A Helmholtz coil configuration was used as the excitation coil to ensure a high homogeneity of excitation magnetic field. To reduce AC resistance due to eddy current effect in the wire of the excitation coil at a high-frequency region, a Litz wire was used. The Litz wire was composed of 60 strands of copper wires with 0.1-mm diameter. For the detection coil, a first order axial differential coil was used so that environmental noises can be canceled. The detection coil consisted of two 1000-turn copper coils and they were connected in series. The fabricated excitation coil showed a high homogeneity along its axis with the high excitation magnetic field. The sensitivity of the developed system increased with respect to frequency. The magnetic noise of the detection unit showed a 1/f noise characteristic and a sensitivity of 10−10 Am2 at 100 Hz was showed by the developed system. To demonstrate the feasibility of the developed system, harmonics of Nickel nanowires was measured. The harmonics generation increased with the increasing amplitude of excitation field. It can be expected that an extremely sensitive characterization of MNP is possible using the developed system.

Effect of the length on the tensile deformation of nickel nanowires using molecular dynamics simulations

In the recent years, with the fast advancement in the fields associated with nanoscience and nanotechnology, metal nanowires, in specific have received enormous attention among researchers due to their fascinating properties and applications. In this study, the Young Modulus and failure behavior of Nickel (Ni) nanowires 7.04 nm in diameter with eight (8) different lengths (17.60, 21.12, 24.64, 28.16, 31.68, 35.20, 52.80 and 70.40 nm) were successfully modeled for uniaxial tensile tests using Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulations. MD simulations were performed at a fixed point of the temperature of 300 K and a constant strain rate of 0.0001 ps-1. The finding showed that these Ni nanowires have a Young Modulus between 140.02 to 142.5 GPa. We strongly believe that the variation of the length model has no significant influence on neither the Young Modulus nor the failure behavior. All the investigated nanowires demonstrated ductile failure behavior type, in which represents a typical behavior of Ni at bulk scales.