Nurziana Ngah

1-(4-Chloro­butano­yl)-3-(2-nitro­phen­yl)thio­urea

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C11H12ClN3O3S, contains two independent molecules with different conformations in which the benzene ring and the thiourea fragment form dihedral angles of 87.28 (12) and 66.44 (10)°. The O atom of the thioamide group is involved in bifurcated N—H⋯O intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonding; the latter interaction links the independent molecules into a dimer. In the crystal, N—H⋯S interactions link the molecules into chains propagating along the c axis.

Ethyl 1-(2-hy-droxy-eth-yl)-2-[2-(methyl-sulfan-yl)eth-yl]-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxyl-ate.

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C15H20N2O3S, the hydroxy group is involved in the formation of O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, which link two molecules into a centrosymmetric dimer. Weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds further link these dimers into chains propagating along the a axis. The crystal packing exhibits π–π interactions between the five- and six-membered rings of neighbouring molecules [centroid–centroid distance = 3.819 (2) Å] and short intermolecular S⋯S contacts of 3.495 (1) Å.

3-[3-(2-Fluoro­benzo­yl)thio­ureido]propionic acid

In the title compound, C10H11FN3O3S, the 2-fluorobenzoyl and proponic acid groups maintain a trans–cis conformation with respect to the thiono C=S bond across their C—N bonds. The propionic acid group adopts an anti conformation about the C—C bond, with an N—C—C—C torsion angle of 173.8 (2)°. The amino groups are involved in the formation of intramolecular N—H⋯O and N—H⋯F hydrogen bonds. In the crystal, pairs of O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link molecules into inversion dimers.

2-Bromo-4-(3,4-dimethyl-5-phenyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-yl)-6-meth­oxy­phenol

In the title compound, C18H20BrNO3, the oxazolidine ring adopts an envelope conformation with the N atom at the flap position. The mean plane of oxazolidine ring makes dihedral angles of 82.96 (13) and 70.97 (12)°, respectively, with the phenyl and benzene rings. In the crystal, adjacent molecules are connected via O—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯π interactions into a zigzag chain along the b axis.

1-(Biphenyl-4-ylcarbon-yl)-3-(2-chloro-4-nitro-phen-yl)thio-urea.

The benzene rings of the biphenyl group in the title compound, C20H14ClN3O3S, are nearly coplanar [maximum deviation = 0.20 (3) Å]. The mean plane of the biphenyl group forms a dihedral angle of 5.24 (7)° with the aromatic ring of the nitrochlorobenzene group. Intramolecular N—H⋯Cl, N—H⋯O and C—H⋯S hydrogen bonds stabilize the cis–trans conformation of the molecule. In the crystal, molecules are linked by C—H⋯O and C—H⋯S hydrogen bonds into mutually interwoven corrugated layers parallel to (10-2).

Ethyl 1-(2-hy­droxy­eth­yl)-2-(4-meth­oxy­phen­yl)-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxyl­ate monohydrate

In the title molecule, C19H20N2O4·H2O, the benzimidazole ring system is essentially planar [maximum deviation = 0.013 (11) Å] and is inclined to the 4-methoxyphenyl ring by 30.98 (5)°. In the crystal, O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds involving the water molecule link neighbouring molecules, forming a two-dimensional network lying parallel to the bc plane. There are also C—H⋯π and π–π interactions present. The latter involve inversion-related benzimidazole rings with centroid–centroid distances of 3.5552 (8) and 3.7466 (8) Å.

2-sec-Butyl-1-(2-hy-droxy-eth-yl)-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid.

In the title compound, C14H18N2O3, the carboxylic group is tilted by 12.00 (4)° with respect to the mean plane throught the benzimidazole ring system. The alcohol and carboxyl hydroxy groups are involved in intermolecular O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming a two-dimensional network extending parallel the ab plane. The network is further stabilized by weak C—H⋯O interactions. The sec-butyl group is disordered over two sets of sites with refined occupancies of 0.484 (4) and 0.516 (4).

Effects of bioactive constituents extracted from Musa x paradisiaca flower on milk production in Vivo

Many plants are reputed to possess galactagogue activity that can be consumed to increase milk production for the need of the young. These plants should have contained possible substances that interact and affect lactation in mothers. In this research, two compounds (C1 and C2) were extracted from Musa x paradisiaca flower to determine its effect on milk production. 30 lactating rats of Spraque Dowley strain were daily administered with samples started from Day 5 through Day 15 of lactation using feeding tubes. The performance of milk production were measured a day after, started from Day 6 through Day 16 by means of weight-suckle-weight method after a 6 hr separation of litters from their dams. Results of the studied compounds were statistically analyzed and compared to the aqueous crude extract, metachlopromide and control groups using SPSS by means of ANOVA at 0.01 level of significant. Milk production of C1 and aqueous crude extract groups were significantly higher compared to C2, metachlopromide, and control groups. C1 was identified to increase milk production by 28.03%, while aqueous crude extract by 24.87%. The mean of milk yield within the given suckling period in gram of crude extract, C1, metachlopromide, C2, and control group were 4.86, 4.65, 3.76, 3.68 and 3.63, respectively. The peak lactation time of the experimental groups was either at Day 13 or Day 14 of lactation period. It was concluded that the bioactive compound (C1) exist in the flower could be the possible compound which affected milk production. The extract from Musa x paradisiaca flower could be utilised to increase milk yield, thus its function as lactogenic food is recommended for mothers of inadequate milk production.

Ethyl 1-(butan-2-yl)-2-(2-meth­oxy­phen­yl)-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxyl­ate

In the title compound, C21H24N2O3, the mean planes of the benzene ring and the benzimidazole ring system form a dihedral angle of 69.94 (7)°. The ethyl group atoms of the ethanoate fragment are disordered over two sets of sites, with refined occupancies of 0.742 (6) and 0.258 (6). In the crystal, there are weak C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds which connect molecules into chains along the b axis. A weak intermolecular C—H⋯π interaction is also observed.

Ethyl 2-(4-bromo­phen­yl)-1-sec-butyl-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxyl­ate

In the title compound, C20H21BrN2O2, the bromophenyl ring is twisted by 40.13 (8)° from the benzimidazole mean plane and the Br atom deviates by 0.753 (1) Å from that plane. The sec-butyl group is disordered over two conformations in a 0.898 (5):0.102 (5) ratio. In the crystal, molecules related by translation along [10] are linked into chains via weak C—H⋯Br hydrogen bonds.