Nyoman Kertia

Comparison of the effects of curcuminoid from Curcuma domestica Val. rhizome extract and diclofenac sodium on the liver function of patients with osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is the most frequent joint disease worldwide. Patients with osteoarthritis mostly use nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as diclofenac sodium for reducing pain. Diclofenac sodium frequently disturbs the liver function. Curcuminoid has an anti-inflammatory activity and some references state that curcuminoid protects the liver function. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of curcuminoid from Curcuma domestica Val. rhizome extract and diclofenac sodium on the liver function of patients with osteoarthritis. A total of 80 patients with knee osteoarthritis were enrolled. Subjects were divided randomly into two groups; a group received 30 mg of curcuminoid from C. domestica Val. 3 times daily (curcuminoid group) and the other received 25 mg of diclofenac sodium 3 times daily (diclofenac group). Assessment of results includes serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) performed before and after 4 weeks of treatment. In the curcuminoid group, there was no significant decrease of AST serum level (p < 0.15) and ALT serum level (p < 0.41), whereas in the diclofenac group, there was no significant increase of AST serum level (p=0.05) and significant increase of ALT serum level (p<0.01). The increase of serum AST and ALT level in the diclofenac group were significantly different as compared to the decrease of the levels in the curcuminoid group. This means that diclofenac sodium disturbs liver function, while curcuminoid from C. domestica Val. rhizome extract improves the liver function of patients with osteoarthritis.

PENGARUH TERAPI KURKUMINOID EKSTRAK RIMPANG KUNYIT DIBANDINGKAN DENGAN NATRIUM DIKLOFENAK TERHADAP FUNGSI GINJAL PENDERITA OSTEOARTRITIS

Malaria is still a public health problem in Tanjung Uban Health Center, Bintan regency, Kepulauan Riau. Annual Malaria Incidence (AMI) in Tanjung Uban Health Center in 2006 was reported 101.5‰. Though house spraying had been done in 2003-2006. The number of mosquitoes was still high based in entomology survey in July 2008-December 2008. The number of mosquitoes collection was as many as 2212 An. sundaicus and after ELISA test sprozoit were found in the blood of mosquitoes that carried out bio-assay test to determine the effectiveness of insecticides used in vector control. The study was designed as an experimental post test only with 5 treatment groups and one control group in 2 repetitions. The samples were mosquitoes collected from the village of acacia with the bait method. Each group was consisted of 20 of mosquitoes. The 24 hours observation in the first test showed mortality mosquito 97%, and in the second test mosquito mortality was 98%. While mortality of mosquitoes in the control group in first and second test were 0%. Bio-assay showed that vectron 20 WP insecticide was tolerance for An.sundaicus in Tanjung Uban Health Center Abstrak Malaria masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di Puskesmas Tanjung Uban Kabupaten Bintan. Annual Malaria Incidence (AMI) di wilayah Puskesmas Tanjung Uban tahun 2006 sebesar 101,5‰. Kegiatan penyemprotan rumah telah dilakukan pada tahun 2003-2006, namun berdasarkan hasil survey entomologi selama bulan Juli 2008-Desember 2008 ternyata kepadatan nyamuk masih tinggi. Jumlah nyamuk An.sundaicus yang tertangkap sebanyak 2212 ekor dan setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan ELISA ditemukan adanya sprozoit dalam kelenjar ludah nyamuk sehingga dilakukan uji bio assay untuk menilai efektifitas insektisida yang digunakan dalam pengendalian vektor. Penelitian dilakukan dengan eksperimen dengan desain post test only with control group terdiri dari 5 kelompok perlakuan dan 1 kelompok kontrol dengan 2 kali pengujian. Sampel dalam penelitian adalah nyamuk yang tertangkap di Desa Penaga dengan metode umpan orang yang dikelompokkan dalam 6 kelompok. Hasil pengamatan setelah 24 jam pada uji I menunjukkan kematian nyamuk uji sebesar 97% dan pada uji II kematian nyamuk sebesar 98% sedangkan kematian nyamuk kontrol pada uji I dan uji II sebesar 0%. Hasil uji bio assay menunjukkan bahwa insektisida vectron 20 WP toleran terhadap nyamuk An.sundaicus di wilayah Puskesmas Tanjung Uban

BERBAGAI KELUHAN FISIK YANG DIALAMI PASIEN OSTEOARTRITIS AKIBAT TERAPI NATRIUM DIKLOFENAK DIBANDINGKAN KURKUMINOID EKSTRAK RIMPANG KUNYIT

Tuberculosis (TB) Pulmonary is still one of the major health problems in Indonesia, and included in the province of West Sumatra. Many efforts has been conducted to outcome the problem, one of them is the DOTS strategy. From the results of countermeasures that have been implemented was the scope of the discovery of the TB patients are expected to 70% in Year 2009 in West Sumatra Province can only be achieved 48.8%. The study of socio-cultural factors underlying the low coverage of the discovery of pulmonary TB patients have been conducted in the region of Padang Kandis health centers, Guguk Subdistrict, District 50 City. This study uses a qualitative approach, and data collection techniques used were Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and in-depth interviews. The results showed that some socio-cultural aspects that are considered related to the low coverage of the discovery of patients with pulmonary TB are the economic aspects, education/knowledge, perceptions, habits and beliefs as well as access to health services. Knowledge and awareness in the prevention of pulmonary TB disease is still lacking. Some people still have the perception that the diseases associated with pulmonary TB supernatural power, and includes diseases that are considered shameful.