O. J. A. Gilmore

Intraperitoneal povidone-iodine in peritonitis

The efficacy of intraperitoneal povidone-iodine was evaluated in mice and rats with induced gram-negative peritonitis. Two hundred twenty Theiller Original mice (20–25 g) were injected intraperitoneally with 0.15 to 0.2 ml of Escherichia coli 014/K85/H4, at 107 organisms/ml. An intraperitoneal injection of 0.2 ml of povidone-iodine solution (containing 0.075% available iodine) significantly reduced mortality (P

Prophylactic intraperitoneal povidone-iodine in alimentary tract surgery

In controlled experiments intraperitoneal povidone-iodine significantly reduced the mortality of mice (p less than 0.01) and rats (p less than 0.01) with induced peritonitis. Povidone-iodine irrigation of the rat colon before and after anastomosis did not interfere with healing or inhibit peritoneal adhesion formation. However, a newly formulated povidone-iodine solution containing increased PVP significantly reduced adhesion formation in a controlled study in rats.

Prevention of peritoneal adhesions by a new povidone-iodine/PVP solution

Peritoneal adhesions were induced in 80 Wistar rats by the excision and closure of a peritoneal defect. Povidone-iodine, with an increased polyvinylpyrrolidone content, was injected into the peritoneal cavities of 40 rats; the 40 control rats received an equal volume of Ringers solution. A povidone-iodine solution containing increased polyvinylpyrrolidone was used because a standard solution failed to prevent adhesions in a previous study. At 1 week the povidone-iodine/polyvinylpyrrolidone solution had significantly prevented adhesions forming ( P P

Effect of noxythiolin on experimental peritonitis.

The intraperitoneal instillation of noxythiolin in the treatment of peritonitis is widespread in clinical practice despite contradictory evidence as to its efficacy. In this light the value of noxythiolin was reappraised by studying its effect in guinea-pigs and mice with induced bacterial peritonitis. Treatment with a 1% solution of noxythiolin reduced the mortality rate of mice by 14% (P less than 0.1). The guinea-pig model proved unreliable giving inconsistent mortality rates throughout. Further studies are required to determine the optimum dose and concentration of noxythiolin while the search for more effective intraperitoneal antiseptics should continue.

Intraperitoneal noxythiolin and povidone-iodine in experimental peritonitis

The efficacy of intraperitoneal noxythiolin and povidone-iodine was compared in mice and rats with induced Gram-negative peritonitis. Noxythiolin 1% solution reduced the mortality of mice from 65 to 41% (P<0·1) but was ineffective in rats. Povidone-iodine (6·0-7·5 mg available iodine/kg body weight) significantly reduced the mortality of both mice (P<0·001) and rats (P<0.01) in treated animals compared to matched controls. The mortality rate of rats treated with povidone-iodine was significantly less than those treated with noxythiolin (P<0·01).