Octavian Ciobanu

Investigation on the effect of collagen and vitamins on biomimetic hydroxyapatite coating formation on titanium surfaces

This study uses an in vitro experimental approach to investigate the roles of collagen and vitamins in regulating the deposition of hydroxyapatite layer on the pure titanium surface. Titanium implants were coated with a hydroxyapatite layer under biomimetic conditions by using a supersaturated calcification solution (SCS), modified by adding vitamins A and D3, and collagen. The hydroxyapatite deposits on titanium were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results obtained have shown that hydroxyapatite coatings were produced in vitro under vitamins and collagen influence.

SEM and EDX studies of bioactive hydroxyapatite coatings on titanium implants

This work presents a study on an alternative coating method based on biomimetic techniques which are designed to form a crystalline hydroxyapatite layer very similar to the process corresponding to the formation of natural bone. The HA formation on the surface of titanium alloy pretreated with NaOH solution is investigated. Two types of solutions such as supersaturated calcification solution (SCS) and modified SCS (M-SCS) were used to investigate bone-like apatite formation on alkali-treated titanium. The hydroxyapatite deposits are investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The data suggest that the method utilized in this work can be successfully applied to obtain deposition of uniform coatings of crystalline hydroxyapatite on titanium substrates.

Photogrammetric Scanning and Applications in Medicine

Creating 3D models automatically from photographs is a relatively new technology. This sort of 3D scanning is based on the principles of photogrammetry, similar in methodology to panoramic photography; the photos are taken of one object and from different positions of camera in order to replicate the object. Paper approaches different typical anatomic surfaces by photogrammetric scanning and 3D reconstruction. Documented surfaces include anatomic surfaces like foot, upper body, head, and ear. The aim is to give users recommendations, which body part is suited best for this type of scanning, or even if a combination of photogrammetry and another 3D scanning technique is advisable. Comments like possible medical applications, quality of the results, required equipment and occurring problems are to be considered.

Photogrammetric Scanning Technique and Rapid Prototyping Used for Prostheses and Ortheses Fabrication

Paper approaches the feasibility of manufacturing of some types of prostheses and ortheses by using the photogrammetric scanning technique, 3D reconstruction of anatomic surfaces and Rapid Prototyping with 3D printers. Photogrammetric scanning appears to be the most cost effective technique but has some limitations in the reconstruction of anatomic surfaces. There are presented and discussed the processing steps used in the fabrication of a foot orthesis and of a prosthetic ear.

AN APPLICATION OF KINECT DEPTH SENSOR FOR SCOLIOSISAND KYPHOSIS SCREENING

Modern technologies for evaluation of spinal deformities are based on assessment of the surface geometry of the torso in different ways. 3D scanning and 3D reconstruction using low cost Kinect sensor can contribute in rapid and low cost elaboration of a 3D mesh of the patient’s back. This paper describes the instrumentation, technique and the results of a Kinect based system for screening of scoliosis and kyphosis. The system proposed in this investigation uses infrared ray technology to evaluate the torso surface of patients. This work discusses the advantages and limitations of the proposed scanning system. Experimental results demonstrated that the low-cost depth sensors can produce accurate 3D models when combined with specialized software. Due to numerous transducers, the Kinect sensor may be used in a lot of medical bioengineering applications.

Bioengineering Applications of 3D Scanning and Reconstruction Using a Depth Sensor

Paper approaches some characteristics and bioengineering applications of a handheld depth sensor for low-cost 3D scanning and reconstruction. The Kinect depth sensor used in this work was launched on June 2009 and was based around a gaming webcam peripheral. The Kinect sensor uses a structured light technique in order to develop real-time 3D surfaces. The 3D model of anatomic surface may have a lot of bioengineering applications. Some observations and comparisons are presented in connection with the scanning and 3D reconstruction of different anatomic surfaces.

The keyboard remains the least economically designed computer device

Ergonomie devices are often designed to provide more comfort and to increase productivity but they can also help avoid pain and specific injuries. The ergonomic design of a computer keyboard needs expertise in ergonomics and biomechanics. The existence of a large category of typists with slow typing skills, visually searching the seemingly random keyboard, including novice users and the analysis of existing standards and keyboards leads to the conclusion that existing QWERTY based keyboards still remain the least ergonomically designed computer devices and need to be improved. This paper discusses the existing standards in ergonomics and the various commercial keyboards and makes observations about the ergonomic design features and the wrong recommendations of some standards.

An Evaluation of the Ergonomics of the QWERTY Keyboards

The ergonomic design of a keyboard layout needs expertise in design and ergonomic standards. The existence of different categories of users with slow typing skills, visually searching the apparently random keyboard, including novice users, elder persons and disabled persons conducts to the need of new keyboard layouts. Paper analyses some papers approaching the QWERTY keyboard layouts, the typing abilities of slow typing skills persons and discusses the existing standards in computer devices design and makes observations about design standards and ergonomic design features. There are presented some considerations about the necessity to implement the principles of Transgenerational Design, Inclusive Design, Design for All and Universal design to the design of new keyboard layouts.