Odd Andersen

Fully-implicit simulation of vertical-equilibrium models with hysteresis and capillary fringe

Geological carbon storage represents a new and substantial challenge for the subsurface geosciences. To increase understanding and make good engineering decisions, containment processes and large-scale storage operations must be simulated in a thousand year perspective. A hierarchy of models of increasing computational complexity for analysis and simulation of large-scale CO2 storage has been implemented as a separate module of the open-source Matlab Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (MRST). This paper describes a general family of two-scale models available in this module. The models consist of two-dimensional flow equations formulated in terms of effective quantities obtained from hydrostatic reconstructions of vertical pressure and saturation distributions. The corresponding formulation is fully implicit and is the first to give a mass-conservative treatment and include general (non-linearized) CO2 properties. In particular, the models account for compressibility, dissolution, and hysteresis effects in the fine-scale capillary and relative permeability functions and can be used to accurately and efficiently study the combined large-scale and long-term effects of structural, residual, and solubility trapping.

A simulation workflow for large-scale CO2 storage in the Norwegian North Sea

Large-scale CO2 injection problems have revived the interest in simple models, like percolation and vertically-averaged models, for simulating fluid flow in reservoirs and aquifers. A series of such models have been collected and implemented together with standard reservoir simulation capabilities in a high-level scripting language as part of the open-source MATLAB Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (MRST) to give a set of simulation methods of increasing computational complexity. Herein, we outline the methods and discuss how they can be combined to create a flexible tool-chain for investigating CO2 storage on a scale that would have significant impact on European CO2 emissions. In particular, we discuss geometrical methods for identifying structural traps, percolation-type methods for identifying potential spill paths, and vertical-equilibrium methods that can efficiently simulate structural, residual, and solubility trapping in a thousand-year perspective. The utility of the overall workflow is demonstrated using real-life depth and thickness maps of two geological formations from the recent CO2 Storage Atlas of the Norwegian North Sea.

Vertically Averaged Equations with Variable Density for \hbox {CO}_2 Flow in Porous Media

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Building an Ontology of CAD Model Information

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Spill-point analysis and structural trapping capacity in saline aquifers using MRST-co2lab

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Robust Simulation of Sharp-Interface Models for Fast Estimation of CO2 Trapping Capacity in Large-Scale Aquifer Systems

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