Oktay Cetinkaya

A DASH7-based power metering system

Considering the inability of the existing energy resources to satisfy the current needs, the right and efficient use of the energy has become compulsory. To make energy sustainability permanent, management and planning activities should be carried out by arranging the working hours and decreasing the energy wasting. For all these, power metering, managing and controlling systems or plugs has been proposed in recent efforts. Starting from this point, a new DASH7-based Smart Plug (D7SP) is designed and implemented to achieve a better structure compared to ZigBee equipped models and reduce the drawbacks of current applications. DASH7 technology reaches nearly 6 times farther distances in comparison with 2.4 GHz based protocols and provides multi-year battery life as a result of using limited energy during transmission. Performing in the 433 MHz band prevents the possible interference from overcrowded 2.4 GHz and the other frequencies which helps to gather a more reliable working environment. To shorten the single connection delays and human oriented failures, the MCU was shifted directly into the plug from the rear-end device. Working hours arrangement and standby power cutting off algorithms are implemented in addition to these energy saving targeted improvements to enhance more efficient systems. With the collaboration of the conducted hardware and software oriented adjustments and DASH7-based improvements, a more reliable, mobile and efficient system has been obtained in this work.

Electric-Field Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks

Electric-field energy harvesting (EFEH) can be considered as an emerging and promising alternative for self-sustainable next-generation WSNs. Unlike conventional harvesting methods that rely on ambient variables, EFEH provides more reliable and durable operation as it is operable with any voltage-applied conductive material. Therefore, it is better suited for advanced throughput and applications requiring a certain QoS. In this article, we introduce this newly emerging WSN paradigm, and focus on enabling EFEH technology for smart grid architectures, such as home, building, and near area networks, where the field intensity is relatively low. To this end, a practical methodology and a general use implementation framework have been developed for low-voltage applications by regarding compelling design issues and challenging source scarcity. The proposed double-layer harvester model is experimentally evaluated. Its performance in terms of implementation flexibility, sensor lifetime, and communication throughput is investigated. In addition, current challenges, open issues, and future research directions are discussed for the design of more enhanced EFEH wireless networks.

Energy Harvesting Cognitive Radio Networking for IoT-enabled Smart Grid

The Internet of Things (IoT) provides connectivity to the objects that monitor and sense the environment to integrate physical world with digital world. If IoT is enabled in the Smart Grid (SG), it can benefit from advantages of the IoT such as interoperability, connectivity, etc. By combining the IoT with energy harvesting (EH) and cognitive radio (CR) techniques, the problems of SG, such as harsh channel conditions and limited battery power, may be resolved. Hence, incorporation of EH and CR reveals a new networking paradigm for IoT-enabled SG. To this end, we first introduce CR usage in the IoT-enabled SG, and explain the advantages and challenges of CRs. Furthermore, we propose EH approaches for the resource constraint of wireless devices in the IoT-enabled SG. Operation and node architecture of energy harvesting cognitive radios (EH-CR), and network architecture of the IoT-enabled SG are described to explain details of our networking paradigm. Open issues and future research directions are discussed to enable this new paradigm.

Electric-Field Energy Harvesting From Lighting Elements for Battery-Less Internet of Things

Internet of Things (IoT) is envisioned to bring the Internet connection to every object/ service/process to seamlessly and efficiently observe, manage, and control pervasive systems. This necessitates the employment of wireless standalone devices in excessive numbers. However, periodic maintenance of thousands, maybe millions of batteries will add massive workload and replenishment costs to the operation. In order to alleviate this problem, we introduce a totally new energy harvesting paradigm based on utilizing ambient electric-field in the vicinity of lighting elements. A low voltage prototype is designed, constituted, and evaluated on a generic

A ZigBee based reliable and efficient power metering system for energy management and controlling

4\times 18\text{W}

Internet of Hybrid Energy Harvesting Things

-T8 ceiling-type fluorescent troffer. Empirical results disclose the availability of 1.5 J of energy that can be gathered in 30 min when a copper plate, i.e., the harvester, covered by a reflective dielectric is employed. The design issues to achieve the best performance attainable are addressed in both theoretical and experimental manners. The physical model of the proposed technique and an applicable circuit diagram for its execution are provided. We also point out possible application areas, and protocol stack requirements specific to our proposal to conveniently enable self-configuring IoT services, which are free from battery constraints.