Olgaç Kangal

Beneficiation of the gold bearing ore by gravity and flotation

Gold concentration usually consists of gravity separation, flotation, cyanidation, or the combination of these processes. The choice among these processes depends on the mineralogical characterization and gold content of the ore. Recently, the recovery of gold using gravity methods has gained attention because of low cost and environmentally friendly operations. In this study, gold pre-concentrates were produced by the stepwise gravity separation and flotation techniques. The Knelson concentrator and conventional flotation were employed for the recovery of gold. Gold bearing ore samples were taken from Gümüşhane Region, northern east part of Turkey. As a result of stepwise Knelson concentration experiments, a gold concentrate assaying around 620 g/t is produced with 41.4wt% recovery. On the other hand, a gold concentrate about 82 g/t is obtained with 89.9wt% recovery from a gold ore assaying 6 g/t Au by direct flotation.

Beneficiation of low-grade feldspars using free jet flotation

The largest feldspar reserves of Turkey are located in the western part of the country. This region has albite reserves of as much as 400 million tons. The main impurities in these deposits are TiO 2 and Fe 2 O 3 bearing minerals with grain sizes of 30-500 microns. Beneficiation of low-grade feldspar ores by jet flotation was investigated by using jet flotation parameters including immersion depth of the nozzle, thicknesses of turbulence, and laminar zones. As a result of these tests, air volume flow was also calculated for a pilot scale free jet flotation unit. The results showed that an effective separation of TiO 2 and Fe 2 O 3 bearing minerals by jet flotation could be accomplished through careful optimization of the parameters.

The Effect of Collector's Type on Gold and Silver Flotation in a Complex Ore

Gold and silver are recovered by gravity concentration, cyanidation, or flotation from ores. The choice of those processes depends on the mineralogical characterization as well as gold and silver contents of the ore. Flotation has been applied on ores containing free gold and silver particles for many years. The flotation efficiency of gold and silver particles depends on the modifiers and collectors. This paper presents the results of the effect of different collector combinations on gold and silver recoveries from lead and zinc ores by flotation. Best results were obtained on the use of Aero 208 + Aerophine 3418 A as collectors at the dosages of 350 + 350 g/t and 1000 g/t Na2SiO3 as a depressant at pH 4.5 where particle size was below 38 µm. According to the process, a concentrate assaying 1026.9 g/t Au and 10185 g/t Ag was obtained. On the other hand, a concentrate containing 50.6% Pb was obtained with 39.7% recovery using potassium amyl xanthate (KAX) and aminothiophenol (ATP). This concentrate graded 235 g/t Au and 3740 g/t Ag.

Selective flotation of PVC using gelatin and lignin alkali

Recycling has become one of the most important issues as a result of increasing waste mass in present day. This is especially important for polymer wastes as they are hard to degenerate in nature. Today, most of the practical methods used for the recycling of waste mass, such as hand sorting, gravity separation, etc., cannot be performed successfully owing to close densities of polymers. Froth flotation can be used successfully and economically for this purpose. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of plasticizer reagents and the success of froth flotation at plastic recycling. In this study, lignin alkali and gelatin were used as plasticizer reagents. The effect of these reagents was searched with the parameters of pH, concentration, conditioning and flotation time. In the case of post-consumed polyethylene terephthalate and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), 98.9% purity of PVC was obtained at optimum conditions.

EFFECTS OF MODIFYING REAGENTS ON HUNTITE FLOTATION

Huntite is one of the most important flames retardant additive materials. Although various areas of the world have potential huntite deposits, huntites place in industry is not well known and a detailed field search for hunites deposits has not been conducted yet. Formations in the world include different types of minerals such as huntite, hydromagnesite, magnesite, clay minerals, and dolomite. However, physical, chemical, physicochemical, and mineralogical properties of these ores have not been determined yet. In this study, the flotation behavior and electrokinetic properties of huntite were determined in the presence of potassium oleate. The effects of common ions that are expected in flotation pulps, such as Mg2+and Ca2+, were studied. The influences of pH and modifying reagents such as sodium silicate (Na2SiO3·5H2O) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) on surface properties of huntite were also examined. Electrokinetic measurements showed that the iso-electric point of huntite was approximately 8.0. The surface charge of huntite becomes positive in the presence of 10−2 M of MgCl2 and CaCl2 at all pH values. According to microflotation test results, Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions have a detrimental effect on the floatability of huntite. Na2SiO3 was seen to have no significant effect on the floatability of huntite. Flotation experiments with CMC indicated that it acts as a depressant on huntite.