Oliviero Stock

Adaptive Hypermedia and Adaptive Web-Based Systems

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Adaptive, intelligent presentation of information for the museum visitor in PEACH

The study of intelligent user interfaces and user modeling and adaptation is well suited for augmenting educational visits to museums. We have defined a novel integrated framework for museum visits and claim that such a framework is essential in such a vast domain that inherently implies complex interactivity. We found that it requires a significant investment in software and hardware infrastructure, design and implementation of intelligent interfaces, and a systematic and iterative evaluation of the design and functionality of user interfaces, involving actual visitors at every stage. We defined and built a suite of interactive and user-adaptive technologies for museum visitors, which was then evaluated at the Buonconsiglio Castle in Trento, Italy: (1) animated agents that help motivate visitors and focus their attention when necessary, (2) automatically generated, adaptive video documentaries on mobile devices, and (3) automatically generated post-visit summaries that reflect the individual interests of visitors as determined by their behavior and choices during their visit. These components are supported by underlying user modeling and inference mechanisms that allow for adaptivity and personalization. Novel software infrastructure allows for agent connectivity and fusion of multiple positioning data streams in the museum space. We conducted several experiments, focusing on various aspects of PEACH. In one, conducted with 110 visitors, we found evidence that even older users are comfortable interacting with a major component of the system.

A visitor's guide in an active museum: Presentations, communications, and reflection

Technology can play a crucial role in supporting museum visitors and enhancing their overall museum visit experiences. Visitors coming to a museum do not want to be overloaded with information, but to receive the relevant information, learn, and have an overall interesting experience. To serve this goal, a user-friendly and flexible system is needed. The design of such a system poses several challenges that need to be addressed in parallel. The user interface should be intuitive and let the visitors focus on the exhibits, not on the technology. Content and delivery must provide relevant information and at the same time allow visitors to get the level of detail and the perspectives in which they are interested. Personalization may play a key role in providing relevant information to individuals. Yet, since visitors tend to visit the museum in small groups, technology should also contribute to and facilitate during-the-visit communication or post-visit group interaction. The PIL project applied at the Hecht museum extended the research results of the PEACH project and tried to address all of these considerations. Evaluation involving users substantiated several aspects of the design.

The museum visit: generating seamless personalized presentations on multiple devices

The issue of the seamless interleaving of interaction with a mobile device and stationary devices is addressed, in a typical situation of educational entertainment: the visit to a museum. Some of the salient elements of the described work are the emphasis on multimodality in the dynamic presentation and coherence throughout the visit.The adopted metaphor is of a kind of contextualized TV-like presentation, useful for engaging (young) visitors. On the mobile device, personal video clips are dynamically generated from personalized verbal presentations; on larger stationary screens distributed throughout the museum, further background material and additional information is provided. A virtual presenter follows the visitors in their experience and gives advice on both types of devices and on the museum itself.

Modelling and Adapting to Context

Abstract: One of the hardest points in context-aware applications is deciding what reactions a system has to a certain context. In this paper, we introduce an architecture used in two context-aware museum guides. We discuss how the context is modelled and we briefly present a rule-based mechanism to trigger system actions. A rule-based system offers the flexibility required to be context-sensitive in the broadest sense since many context features can be considered and evaluated at the same time. This architecture is very flexible and easily supports a fast prototyping approach.

Multimodal intelligent information presentation

INTRODUCTION Part I: LIFE LIKE CHARACTERS I. POGGI, C. PELACHAUD, F. DE ROSIS, V. CAROFIGLIO AND B. DE CAROLIS / Greta: A Believable Embodied Conversational Agent P. PAGGIO AND B. JONGEJAN / Multimodal Communication in Virtual Environments M. THEUNE, D. HEYLEN AND A. NIJHOLT / Generating Embodied Information Presentations Part II: MOBILE PRESENTATIONS J. BAUS, A. KRUGER AND C. STAHL / Resource-Adaptive Personal Navigation O. STOCK, M. ZANCANARO AND E. NOT / Intelligent Interactive Information Presentation for Cultural Tourism T. RIST / Supporting Mobile Users through Adaptive Information Presentation Part III: NATURAL LANGUAGE GENERATION E. ANDRE, K. CONCEPCION, I. MANI AND L. VAN GUILDER / Autobriefer: A System for Authoring Narrated Briefings G. CARENINI AND C. CONATI / Generating Tailored Worked-Out Problem Solutions to Help Students Learn from Examples J. CALDER, A.C. MELENGOGLOU, C. CALLAWAY, E. NOT, F. PIANESI, I. ANDROUTSOPOULOS, C.D. SPYROPOULOS, G. XYDAS, G. KOUROUPETROGLOU AND M. ROUSSOU / Multilingual Personalized Information Objects P. PIWEK, R. POWER, D. SCOTT AND K. VAN DEEMTER / Generating Multimedia Presentations from Plain Text to Screen Play C. ZINN, J.D. MOORE AND M.G. CORE / Intelligent Information Presentation for Tutoring Systems Part IV: VIRTUAL AND AUGMENTED REALITY B. BELL, S. FEINER AND T. HOLLERER / Maintaining Visibility Constraints for View Management in 3d User Interfaces W. SWARTOUT, J. GRATCH, R. HILL, E. HOVY, R. LINDHEIM, S. MARSELLA, J. RICKEL AND D. TRAUM / Simulation Meets Hollywood P.L. WEISS / Presentation Technologies for People with Disabilities Part V: FUTURE DIRECTIONS H.BUNT, M. KIPP, M. MAYBURY AND W. WAHLSTER / Fusion and Coordination for Multimodal Interactive Information Presentation INDEX

THE ACT OF CREATING HUMOROUS ACRONYMS

Our species cannot survive without humor and future human-machine interaction systems will be required to handle humor. From a practical point of view, humor is an important resource for getting selective attention, help in memorizing names and situations, etc. Even if deep modeling of humor in all of its facets is not something available in the near future, there is something concrete that has been achieved and that can help in providing attention to the field. The paper refers to the results of HAHACRONYM, a project devoted to humorous acronym production, a circumscribed task that nonetheless requires various generic components. The project opens the way to developments for creative language. Electronic commerce, for instance, will include flexible and individual-oriented humorous promotion more or less as it happened in the world of broadcasted advertisement.

Supporting small groups in the museum by context-aware communication services

Visitors often tend to visit museums in groups, mainly with family or friends, yet most of the today mobile museum guides focus on supporting the individual visitor. The technology described in this paper allows supporting groups of visitors in addition to individuals by providing context-aware services aimed at supporting the whole group. These include context-aware communication and alerting services that are provided by the museum visitors guide system developed in the framework of the PIL (PEACH-Israel) project, as an example case of a larger variety of possible context-aware services.

The Influence of a Location-Aware Mobile Guide on Museum Visitors' Behavior

Many museums offer their visitors the use of a mobile guide to enhance their visit experience. Novel mobile guides have the potential to provide personalized, context-aware, rich content to museum visitors. However, they might also affect the way visitors behave and interact. While many studies have examined novel features that these guides can provide to enhance the visit experience, few have looked into the impact that a mobile guide might have on the actual behavior of the visitors. We describe a field study conducted with 403 actual museum visitors, over a period of 10 months comparing behaviors of visitors who used a mobile multimedia location-aware guide during their visit and that of visitors who did not use any electronic aid. Results indicate that visitors’ behavior was altered considerably when using a mobile guide. Visitors using a mobile guide visited the museum longer and were attracted to and spent more time at exhibits where they could get information from the guide. In addition, we provide empirical evidence of the decoupling effect that a mobile guide has on pairs of visitors. Using a mobile guide caused visitors to reduce proximity and to interact less with their fellow group members. Finally, we discuss what may be done to reduce this negative social effect.

Using cinematic techniques on mobile devices for cultural tourism.

In this paper we introduce the idea of enhancing th e audio presentation of a multimedia museum guide by using the PDA screen to travel thro ugh ut a fresco and identify the various details in it. During the presentation, a sequence of pictures is synchronized with the audio commentary and the transitions among the pictures a r planned according to cinematic techniques. The theoretical background is presented , discussing the language of cinematography and the Rhetorical Structure Theory t analyze dependency relationships inside a text. In building the video clips, a set o f strategies similar to those used in documentaries were employed. Two broad classes of s trategies have been identified. The first class encompasses constraints, imposed by the gramm ar of cinematography, while the second deals with conventions normally used in guiding cam era movements in the production of documentaries. The results of a user study are also presented and discussed.