Omar Daniel Fernández

Clima Social Emocional, Confianza en las Instituciones y Percepción de Problemas Sociales: Un Estudio con Estudiantes Universitarios Urbanos Argentinos

The Social Emotional Climate concept developed by de Rivera (1992) stresses emotions as a social fact re fl ected in the primacy and relative salience of a set of emotional scenes. An empirical study was conducted on an intentional sample of 254 college students from urban surroundings of Buenos Aires city. Results show the preeminence of a negative social climate, a low con fi dence on institutions and a high perception of social problems like insecurity and getting a job. All institutions are evaluated with low scores being the political parties the ones that obtained the lower mean. No signi fi cant differences were found when introducing gender, age and college major. Criteria validity was con fi rmed between two Social Climate scales and also convergent validity between social climate measures, institutional con fi dence and social problems perception.

Bienestar subjetivo y psicosocial: explorando diferencias de género

Las perspectivas psicologica y subjetiva del bienestar estudian el mismo proceso psicologico sirviendose de diferentes indicadores. El bienestar subjetivo tiene bases mas emocionales y se lo ha abordado a traves de temas como la felicidad, la afectividad o la satisfaccion vital. El bienestar psicosocial se ha desarrollado a traves de las investigaciones de Ryff (1989) sobre el bienestar psicologico y de Keyes (1998) sobre el bienestar social. El enfoque se ha centrado en el desarrollo personal, en las formas de las personas de afrontar los retos vitales y sus esfuerzos por conseguir sus metas, asi como tambien en las valoraciones que hacen de las circunstancias y de su funcionamiento dentro de la sociedad. Con el objetivo de indagar en las diferencias de genero en el bienestar subjetivo y psicosocial, se desarrollo un estudio descriptivo, con un diseno no experimental transversal, en una muestra intencional compuesta por 696 sujetos de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Los resultados indican buenos niveles de bienestar subjetivo y psicosocial, y en este ultimo diferencias en funcion del genero. Los hombres se perciben mas autonomos de la presion social, mientras que las mujeres perciben mayores posibilidades para desarrollarse de acuerdo a sus capacidades. Respecto del bienestar social, las mujeres evaluan mejor que los hombres la calidad de sus relaciones con el entorno, se sienten mas utiles y que aportan al bien comun. ABSTRACT Psychosocial and subjective well-being perspectives approach a unique psychological process, but using different indicators. Subjective well-being goes deep in emotional bases and have been analysed through topics such as happiness, affectivity or life satisfaction. Psychosocial well-being has been developed trough Ryff (1989) and Keyes (1998) researches on psychological and social well-being, respectively. The approach has focused in personal growth, in people’s ways of coping with life challenges and their efforts to get their goals; also in valuations people do of their circumstances and functioning in society. With the aim of exploring in gender differences in subjective and psychosocial well-being, a descriptive group differences, non experimental design study was carried out based on an intentional sample composed by 696 participants from Buenos Aires city. Results show good levels of subjective and psychosocial well being, showing up in the latter some gender differences. Male participants perceive mayor autonomy respect social pressure while females mayor possibilities of growing by their capacities. In terms of social well being, women valuate better than men the quality of their relation with the environment and show greater feelings of utility and contribution to common well-being.