Orhan Çakır

Study of surface quality in dry and wet external cylindrical grinding

The grinding process is commonly used as finishing operation which makes the process distinguished from other machining processes. The process is practiced to obtain the best possible surface quality and dimensionally accurate of ground machine parts. The grinding parameters such as ground workpiece material, wheel type, wheel speed, workpiece speed, depth of cut and feed alter the surface finish of workpiece. The application of cutting fluid is generally carried out and the influence of selected cutting fluid on surface roughness is widely accepted positive. In this study, the examination of dry and cutting fluid application (wet) in grinding was studied and compared. It was observed that the dry grinding unexpectedly produced a better surface quality in the external cylindrical grinding of AISI 1040 steel. The selected grinding parameters such as depth of cut, feed and wheel speed showed more important factors on surface roughness. This study also examined material removal rates for dry and wet grinding processes.

Review of Etchants for Copper and its Alloys in Wet Etching Processes

Wet etching processes have been widely used for producing micro-components for various applications. These processes are simple and easy to implement. The selection of suitable chemical solution which is called etchant is the most important factor in the wet etching processes. It affects etch rate and surface finish quality. Copper and its alloys are important commercial materials in various industries, especially in electronics industry. Their wide applications are due to their excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, ease of fabrication, good strength and fatigue properties. The present study examines the possible etchants for copper and its alloys and reviews studies in detail to find out optimum etchant and its application parameters. The study is also aimed to provide information about safety, health and environmental issues caused by using various etchants in wet etching processes of copper and copper alloys.

Study of Etch Rate and Surface Roughness in Chemical Etching of Stainless Steel

In this study, stainless steel material (X5CrNi1810) was micromachined by chemical etching method. Ferric chloride was selected as etchant which is the most widely used etchant for iron-based materials. Four different etchant concentrations (32 °Bé, 36 °Bé, 40 °Bé and 44 °Bé) were used at various etching temperature. Moreover, the influence of the addition of hydrochloric acid to main etchant on etching performance was examined. The aim of this study was to investigate the depth of etch and surface roughness affected by etchant concentration, hydrochloric acid addition and etching temperature. It was observed that etching temperature for any etchant concentration is important factor in case of depth of etch and surface roughness. It was also noticed that the addition of hydrochloric acid to main etchant increased depth of etch value at any etching temperature. The optimum etching parameters were obtained for the chemical etching of stainless steel.