Orlando Sepúlveda Mellado

Cultura y hábitat residencial: el caso mapuche

This paper proposes a methodological approach to identify the residential habitat of inhabitants according to their culture; in this case that of the Mapuche people. To this end, a sample of a few families settled in Chomio, located in the Commune of Padre Las Casas, 10km southeast of Temuco were selected. The study used human science concepts of culture having determined that local architecture employs obsolete concepts. Such an approach allowed us to identify the different realities of the Mapuche people, described throughout this paper: High level of emotional cohesion among members of Mapuche families. A rigid huinca influence on the worldview of the Mapuche people. The Spanish Crown recognized the Mapuche people as an “Independent Nation” by Royal Decree issued by King Philip IV in 1643. However, 249 years later the newly independent Chile destroyed the socio-cultural organization of the Mapuche Nation. History has not revealed the real reasons underlying the implementation of the plan known to this day as “the pacification of Araucania”.

VIVIENDA SOCIAL: CALEIDOSCOPIO DE CONDICIONES, NECESIDADES Y SOLUCIONES ALTERNATIVAS

In most countries social housing measures come from the State and tend to be large scale. Within such a context the designer orientates his ideas and formalizes their proposals through the prioritization of the needs of individuals according to the necessities and lifestyles of the inhabitants, the size of the household, and the characteristics of each of its members such as age, gender and occupation.