Osama M. Aloquili

Automatic vehicle location tracking system based on GIS environment

Recently, automatic vehicle location (AVL) has become more widely used, affordable and popular than ever before. AVL is used for different tracking purposes, especially for those related to tracking one vehicle or a fleet of vehicles. Tracking system technology was made possible by the integration of three new technologies: navigational technologies such as global positioning system (GPS), database technologies such as geographic information system (GIS) and communication technology such as general packet radio service (GPRS). The proposed software design ‘tracking system’ is used to pinpoint the position, ground speed and fuel level of a given vehicle. This improves fleet management by making it secure and more efficient. The system has the ability to detect the optimal path between source and destination, depending on many factors such as travel time, jam, topography and number of traffic lights. The authors applied greedy techniques (GT) such as Dijkstras and Kruskals algorithms to a graph weight depending on the proposed cost function (CF). The geofencing technique is applied to the system based on real coordinates and grants security and safety to the fleet of vehicles. The designed software offers more flexibility in loading digital maps. This proposed software has the ability to visualise the real position of vehicles on maps and to take decisions according to real-time information.

Power Factor Correction Based on Transmission Loss Minimization with Uncertain Source Harmonics and Load Characteristics

Abstract This article presents a method of reducing the expected value of the transmission loss for a specified range of source impedance values at different buses by using inductor-capacitor compensators where it is desired to maintain a given power factor at a specified value. The criterion is based on mean value estimation of source and load characteristics, which is enabled by sampling measurements performed on the examined electrical plant, as well as statistical analysis. The major attribute of the method is that, unlike conventional approaches, it guarantees convergence to the optimal solution. Finally, the contribution of the newly developed method is demonstrated in examples taken from previous publications.

Power Factor correction capacitors for utilising power consumption in industrial plants

Installation of capacitor banks proved to be cost effective approach to correct power factor in industrial plants. Optimum capacitance value that contributes to the maximum PF improvement varies from one system to another. Such value depends on the existing electrical system within the industrial plant. This paper provides industrial plants operators an optimisation model to correct and improve PF. This paper is supported by using both MATLAB programming and iteration loop technique. The Jordanian Petroleum Refinery Company is taken as a case study. Results indicate that PF improvement reached almost unity PF for this case, which yields to a reduction in the overall electricity bill.

A practical technique for measuring human biofluid conductivity using high gain-frequency characteristics

Currently, the study of ion composition and performance in human biofluids plays an important role in biomedical engineering research and technology. This field may become universal for human diagnostics; it allows early detection of different diseases in humans by measuring changes in ion behaviour in human biofluids. Practical experiments were conducted to analyse the liquid composite electrolyte conductivity in an alternating electric current field. These experiments allow the contribution of separate types of ions to the overall conductivity to be estimated. The method of estimating the concentration of active ions contained in biofluids is also introduced; it illustrates the possibility of performing qualitative and quantitative analysis over a wide range of concentrations and compositions. The authors present a procedure to determine the concentration of active liquid ions based on conductivity gain-frequency characteristic curve tracing. The experimental results validate the practical use of the proposed method. The results of this research are promising, and further investigation is required to further improve the method.

A new spectrum envelope estimation technique based on sample projections

Spectral envelope plays a very important role in different areas of speech applications. This envelope contains the intelligible information within a given message. A new spectral envelope estimation method with two different versions has been introduced in this paper. This method is based on sample projections. The proposed technique incorporates the weighted effect of extrapolation of previous samples on the current sample. This is achieved through the implementation of an Auto Regressive (AR) model. Results showed that higher peaks in the envelope are obtained based on the proposed technique. This means that more emphasis is given on the poles of the filter transfer function and hence leading to better conveying of the message effectively. The proposed technique leads to better speech quality when applied to speech coding and speech recognition. It is found that the filter order resulting from the proposed method will increase by one as compared to the traditional linear prediction (LP) method. Moreover, in some cases, the resulting filter must be stabilized by moving the poles to lie within the unit circle.