Osman Babaarslan

Effect of fibre cross-sectional shape on the properties of POY continuous filaments yarns

There are various structural parameters (number of filament, cross-sectional shape, linear density, etc.) determined during the production of synthetic fibre and these parameters influence product features. Among these parameters, cross-sectional shape of fibres has a significant importance. Desired features can be added to the products by varying the cross-sectional shape and in this way; new products with improved features or with high added value can be produced. As a consequence, studies on this subject have increased recently. In this study, the effects of different cross-sectional shapes and yarn linear density on the features of polyester partially oriented yarn (POY) have been investigated. Five different cross-sectional shapes named round, trilobal, tetra, hexsa and octolobal and two different linear densities have been used in the study. Tenacity-elongation and unevenness tests have been applied onto yarns. As a result of the study, it was seen that round, tetra and octolobal cross-sectional shapes lead to production of yarn with high tenacity and breaking elongation while trilobal and hexsa leads to production of yarn with low tenacity. In addition, due to its deep-channelled structure, hexsa crosssectional shape led to POY yarn structure with a high unevenness rate. It was also seen that an increase in the rate of linear density decreased the tenacity and breaking elongation rates of yarn and reduced POY unevenness.

Polyester Microfilament Woven Fabrics

Synthetic fiber industry has been enforced to make developments due to the increasing performance demand for textile products. One of the most important developments in synthetic fiber industry, is absolutely producing extremely fine fibers which are named as microfibers and nanofibers (Kaynak & Babaarslan, 2010). Until today, there is no exact definition for microfibers. But common opinion is defining a fiber finer than 1 dtex or 1 denier as microfiber (Leadbetter & Dervan, 1992; Bianchi & Maglione, 1993; Purane & Panigrahi, 2007; Basu, 2001; Mukhopadhyay, 2002; Falkai, 1991; Rupp & Yonenaga, 2000). 1 dtex polyester fiber has a fiber diameter of approximately 10 μm (Falkai, 1991). On the other hand, nanotechnology refers to the science and engineering concerning materials, structures and devices which at least one of the dimensions is 100 nanometers (0.1 μm) or less (Ramakrishna, et al., 2005).

Effects of Filament Linear Density on the Comfort Related Properties of Polyester Knitted Fabrics

One of the most important developments seen in the synthetic fibre industry is absolutely producing microfibres. Microfibres provide many distinguishing properties for different end uses. In this study, the effects of filament linear densities on the comfort related proper ties of polyester knitted fabrics were investigated. For this aim, microfilament polyester textured yarns of 110 dtex with 0.33 dtex, 0.57 dtex and 0.76 dtex filament linear densities and conventional polyester textured yarns of 110 dtex with 1.14 dtex and 3.05 dtex fila ment linear densities were knitted. Dynamic liquid moisture management, air permeability, water vapour permeability and thermal properties of the fabrics were tested. Consequently it is seen that fabrics with coarser filaments have a better capability of transferring liquid moisture. Lower air permeability results are observed with finer filaments, while there is no considerable difference among the samples for water vapour permeability. Also higher thermal resistance results are obtained for samples of coarser filaments.

The effect of recycled fibers on the washing performance of denim fabrics

Abstract In this study, denim fabrics were produced with yarns obtained from cotton fibers (CO), recycled cotton fibers obtained from yarn wastes (r-CO), and fibers produced from recycled PET bottles (r-PET). Enzyme and stone washing processes were applied systematically on these fabrics. Mass per unit area, breaking force, elongation at max force, tear strength, air permeability, and circular bending rigidity of fabrics were measured. The findings showed that r-CO fiber has negative effect on tear and breaking force. Breaking force, elongation at max force, and tear strength values of the fabrics increased depending on the increase in r-PET content. However, fabric handle was negatively affected associated with the r-PET ratio due to the increase in stiffness. Mass per unit area, breaking force, air permeability, and circular bending rigidity values of fabrics decreased after the washing processes. The effect of fibers on enzyme- or stone-washed fabrics showed a change according to finished fabrics. It can be said that fabrics containing r-PET are more resistant than cotton and recycled cotton in various aggressive denim washing methods such as bleaching or different washing process conditions such as rising temperature, and time.

Predicting the unevenness of polyester/viscose/acrylic-blended open-end rotor spun yarns

Mixture spinning aims to bring together the best properties of two or more fiber types into one single yarn. In mixture spinning, while some fiber types have impacts to increase the yarn strength, the other fiber types may have impacts to improve the yarn unevenness values. In this study, it is aimed to obtain a regression model that predicts the unevenness (CVm%) of polyester/viscose/acrylic (PES/CV/PAN)-blended OE-rotor spun yarns. For this purpose, the methods of statistical analysis as analysis of variance and Combined Analysis were used. In the context of experimental design, basic parameters affecting the yarn unevenness were selected as: the type of fiber mixture (by carding machine or drawframe), blend ratio (from 0 to 100% at five different rates), and the yarn count (24, 30 and 36 tex). As a result, a statistically significant (p = 0.05) model has been established to estimate the unevenness of PES/CV/PAN blended OE-rotor yarns. In addition, two-dimensional surface graphics have been created to view CVm% values according to the fiber ratios in ternary mixtures. For all of the yarn samples, the increase in acrylic ratio has been found to have positive impact on the CVm% values.

Analysis and prediction of air permeability of woven barrier fabrics with respect to material, fabric construction and process parameters

Air permeability is one of the important properties of conventional as well as technical fabrics such as protective garments, filters, and fabrics for airbags and parachutes. In case of surgical textiles, air permeability is an effective measure of thermo-physiological comfort. This study is aimed to analyze PES barrier fabrics and to develop correlation between permeability and influential material, construction and process parameters. Not only the individual effects of yarn, fabric and loom parameters but also the underlying complex interactions between fewer or several of these influencing factors exert significant influence on fabric porosity and permeability. Artificial neural network (ANN) is the suitable tool to map such complex input-output relationships, since a direct analytical solution is not possible. Feedforward neural network models were trained with combination of Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm and Bayesian regularization support incorporated in backpropagation. Based on the number of input variables, three ANN models were optimized. It was observed that the model which was trained with all selected inputs delivered promising results on test data, i.e., R2=0.985 and mean absolute error of 1.8%. To eliminate any doubt of overfitting, 10 % cross-validation was also performed for selected final model. Furthermore, to investigate the relative importance of input variables in the optimized ANN model, the rank analysis was also carried out. Research outcomes reveal that ANN can be used to tailor barrier fabric permeability depending on the requirements quickly without trials and error by adjusting loom, fabric and yarn parameters.

Fiber Selection for the Production of Nonwovens

The most significant feature of nonwoven fabric is made directly from fibers in a continu‐ ous production line. While manufacturing nonwovens, some conventional textile opera‐ tions, such as carding, drawing, roving, spinning, weaving or knitting, are partially or completely eliminated. For this reason the choice of fiber is very important for nonwoven manufacturers. The commonly used fibers include natural fibers (cotton, jute, flax, wool), synthetic fibers (polyester (PES), polypropylene (PP), polyamide, rayon), special fibers (glass, carbon, nanofiber, bi-component, superabsorbent fibers). Raw materials have not only delivered significant product improvements but also benefited people using these products by providing hygiene and comfort.

Mikrofilament İplik Yapılarının Denim Kumaş Performans Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi

When efforts for innovation in product design are combined with developments in filament yarn technology, these yarns open different alternatives on behalf of evaluate the textile industry. From this point of view, usage of filament and multifilament yarn structure in denim sector has been a research subject. In this study, denim fabrics were designed and produced by using multifilament polyester yarns with seven different filament numbers. The tensile strength (warp/weft), tear strength (warp/weft), stretch properties, air permeability, stiffness, water vapor absorption and hydrostatic pressure test of fabrics were performed. Fabric stiffness increase and air permeability decrease as long as yarns have more microstructure through higher filament number. Moreover, it is foreseen that fabric problems may be experienced in terms of elasticity growth when yarns have higher filament number.Filament iplik teknolojisindeki gelismelerle birlikte urun tasarimindaki yenilik arayislari birlestirildiginde, bu ipliklerin tekstil endustrisinde degerlendirilmesi adina farkli alternatifler ortaya cikmaktadir. Buradan hareketle filament ve multifilament iplik yapilarinin denim sektorunde kullanilabilirligi arastirma konusu olmustur. Bu calismada yedi farkli filament sayisindaki multifilament polyester iplikler kullanilarak denim kumaslar tasarlanip, uretilmistir. Kumaslarda kopma mukavemeti (atki/cozgu), yirtilma mukavemeti (atki/cozgu), esneklik, yumusaklik, hava gecirgenligi, nem alma ve su gecirgenligi testleri gerceklestirilmistir. Ipligi olusturan filamentler incelerek daha mikro yapiya ulastikca yumusakliginin arttigi, bu sirada ise hava gecirgenliklerinin azaldigi gorulmustur. Bununla birlikte iplik yapisindaki filamentler inceldikce de, kumaslarda kalici uzama acisindan problemlerin yasanabilecegi ongorulmektedir.

Multi-response optimization of thermophysiological comfort properties of polyester filament woven fabrics

Abstract Microfilament woven fabrics are used in many products such as sportswear, rainclothes, windproof clothes, sleeping bags and surgical gowns and for these products, thermophysiological comfort properties are of prime importance. In this study, it is intended to investigate the effects of filament linear density and weft sett on thermophysiological comfort properties. Also, an optimization model was developed to determine the optimum filament linear density and weft sett for the best response variables of air permeability, water vapour permeability and thermal resistance. Four different weft sett and five different filament linear densities were applied in weft direction with three different weave types. In doing so, 60 woven fabric samples were produced. According to ANOVA results and experimental observations, it is observed that, the effect of filament linear density on air and water vapour permeability was minor on microfilament range, whereas the differences between conventional filament and microfilament sample groups are considerable. Also, higher weft sett causes decreasing of air and water vapour permeability. On the other hand, there is no obvious consistent trend for thermal resistance of samples with different filament linear density and weft sett.

Şönil İpliklerin Denim Kumaş Üretiminde Kullanılabilirliği Üzerine Bir Çalışma

ÖZET: Kış aylarında denim kumaşın kullanımını arttırmak üzere çeşitli uygulamalardan faydalanılmaktadır. Ancak mevcut uygulamalar kumaşın giyim konforunu olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada bir fantezi iplik çeşidi olan şönil ipliklerin bahsedilen giyim konforunu geliştirerek denimde kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Aynı gramajdaki klasik denim kumaşla atkısında şönil ipliği kullanılmış denim kumaşın kopma mukavemeti, kopma uzaması, yırtılma mukavemeti ve aşınma dirençleri arasındaki fark incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak şönil ipliğin tipik özelliği olan düşük aşınma değerlerinin aksine, tahmin edilenlerden farklı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca elde edilen kumaşın yırtılma mukavemeti, kopma mukavemeti ve uzaması bakımından da kabul edilebilir seviyelerde değerler aldığı görülmüştür.Kis aylarinda denim kumasin kullanimini arttirmak uzere cesitli uygulamalardan faydalanilmaktadir. Ancak mevcut uygulamalar kumasin giyim konforunu olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu calismada bir fantezi iplik cesidi olan sonil ipliklerin bahsedilen giyim konforunu gelistirerek denimde kullanilabilirligi arastirilmistir. Ayni gramajdaki klasik denim kumasla atkisinda sonil ipligi kullanilmis denim kumasin kopma mukavemeti, kopma uzamasi, yirtilma mukavemeti ve asinma direncleri arasindaki fark incelenmistir. Sonuc olarak sonil ipligin tipik ozelligi olan dusuk asinma degerlerinin aksine, tahmin edilenlerden farkli sonuclar elde edilmistir. Ayrica elde edilen kumasin yirtilma mukavemeti, kopma mukavemeti ve uzamasi bakimindan da kabul edilebilir seviyelerde degerler aldigi gorulmustur.