Ozgur Dedehayir

Business ecosystem evolution and strategic considerations: A literature review

Business ecosystems describe the network of firms, which collectively produce a holistic, integrated technological system that creates value for customers. Understanding the mode of ecosystem change can provide valuable information for organizations that are positioned in these networked environments. In this paper, we endeavor to provide this understanding by synthesizing the work of scholars in the field business ecosystems through a review of the literature. Our findings underline the roles of ecosystem members, the endogenous and exogenous factors of ecosystem evolution, the dynamics of ecosystem change, and the strategic consideration of firms that participate in business ecosystems.

Dynamics of Reverse Salience as Technological Performance Gap: An Empirical Study of the Personal Computer Technology System

The evolution of technological systems is hindered by systemic components, referred to as reverse salients, which fail to deliver the necessary level of technological performance thereby inhibiting the performance delivery of the system as a whole. This paper develops a performance gap measure of reverse salience and applies this measurement in the study of the PC (personal computer) technological system, focusing on the evolutions of firstly the CPU (central processing unit) and PC game sub-systems, and secondly the GPU (graphics processing unit) and PC game sub-systems. The measurement of the temporal behavior of reverse salience indicates that the PC game sub-system is the reverse salient, continuously trailing behind the technological performance of the CPU and GPU sub-systems from 1996 through 2006. The technological performance of the PC game sub-system as a reverse salient trails that of the CPU sub-system by up to 2300 MHz with a gradually decreasing performance disparity in recent years. In contrast, the dynamics of the PC game sub-system as a reverse salient trails the GPU sub-system with an ever increasing performance gap throughout the timeframe of analysis. In addition, we further discuss the research and managerial implications of our findings.

Determining reverse salient types and evolutionary dynamics of technology systems with performance disparities

Technological system evolution is marked by the uneven evolution of constituent sub-systems. Subsequently, system evolution is hampered by the resulting state of unevenness, or reverse salience, which results from the presence of the sub-system that delivers the lowest level of performance with respect to other sub-systems, namely, the reverse salient. In this paper, we develop absolute and proportional performance gap measures of reverse salience and, in turn, derive a typology of reverse salients that distinguishes alternative dynamics of change in the evolving system. We subsequently demonstrate the applicability of the measures and the typology through an illustrative empirical study of the PC (personal computer) technological system that functions as a gaming platform. Our empirical analysis demonstrates that patterns of temporal dynamics can be distinguished with the measurement of reverse salience, and that distinct paths of technological system evolution can be identified as different types of reverse salients emerge over time.

Business Ecosystems’ Evolution — An Ecosystem Clockspeed Perspective

There is a growing need for measures assessing technological changes in systemic contexts as business ecosystems replace standalone products. In these ecosystem contexts, organizations are required to manage their innovation processes in increasingly networked and complex environments. In this paper, we introduce the technology and ecosystem clockspeed measures that can be used to assess the temporal nature of technological changes in a business ecosystem. We analyze systemic changes in the personal computer (PC) ecosystem, explicitly focusing on subindustries central to the delivery of PC gaming value to the end user. Our results show that the time-based intensity of technological competition in intertwined subindustries of a business ecosystem may follow various trajectories during the evolution of the ecosystem. Hence, the technology and ecosystem clockspeed measures are able to pinpoint alternating dynamics in technological changes among the subindustries in the business ecosystem. We subsequently discuss organizational considerations and theoretical implications of the proposed measures.

Diffusion of innovation in the public sector: Twitter adoption by municipal police departments in the U.S.

While the literature on the diffusion of innovations has a long and rich legacy, there are few empirical studies on the diffusion of technological innovations across public sector organizations. In order to keep pace with the demands of growing urban populations, such organizations must constantly innovate technology, policy and practice. With local governments increasingly forced to deliver services more efficiently, it is important to question which factors foster innovation among local government organizations. Integrating Twitter adoption data across American municipal police departments serving populations over 100,000, we find weak support for the effect of organizational size and local demand, but find evidence of regional effects on the earliness of innovation adoption. Potential avenues for future research are presented on public sector innovation.

Birth and Expansion of Innovation Ecosystems: A Case Study of Copper Production

Despite the growing attention innovation ecosystems have received from scholars and practitioners, rather little is known about the crucial birth and expansion phases that these ecosystems experience. Through a single case in the complex product system (CoPS) environment, this paper investigates the development of an innovation ecosystem between 1980 and 2007. The findings demonstrate that the ecosystem’s birth phase includes sub-phases, namely, invention and start-up, where the ecosystem is reconfigured to find the appropriate form and the proper actors to satisfy the first customer’s requirements. Moreover, the duration of the expansion phase is found to be remarkably long, suggesting that within the CoPS setting, expansion may also include two or more sub-phases.

Reconfiguring the innovation ecosystem: An explorative study of disruptive change

This paper examines the variables that determine innovation ecosystem reconfiguration under disruptive technological change. The study focuses on the impact of disruption upon the innovation ecosystem, which is the network of firms that collaborate in producing a holistic, integrated product system. Three disruptive innovations - Bakelite, the microwave oven, and the photocopier - and respective ecosystems that have formed around the incumbent and the disruptive innovations are investigated by using historical data. Special attention is paid to the variables that are likely to have explanatory power in reshaping of the ecosystem. Four tentative research propositions are derived that can be examined in future research endeavors.

Infinity point : Multi-device pointing systems evolution and review

Technology evolution theory is reviewed and applied to human computer interaction devices, systems and environments. A review of developments in multi-device pointing innovations identifies some key elements inhibiting and promoting convergence and evolution. Thus, we set the foundation for creating a platform of diverse interaction applications, devices and environments.

INNOVATORS AND EARLY ADOPTERS IN THE DIFFUSION OF INNOVATIONS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Despite accounting for a very small percentage of the population that adopts an innovation, the ‘innovators’ and ‘early adopters’ — representing the two earliest groups of individuals to acquire the new product or service — play a crucial role in the dissemination of the innovation to larger market segments. The objective of this paper is to understand the characteristics of these individuals that positively influence their decisions to adopt innovations. We argue that awareness of these traits will enable firms to attain speedier uptake of their offerings while aiding policymakers achieve quicker and wider proliferation of new technologies intended for societal benefit. We undertake a review of the literature studying the diffusion of innovations and show future directions that this framework should take to analyse the adoption lifecycle.

PATHWAYS TO A DRUG: A MIXED METHODS ANALYSIS OF EMERGENCE

Despite the calls for a broader methodological base, the technology management and the forecasting literature remain short of studies synthesising quantitative and qualitative methods. This paper addresses this gap by employing a mixed method approach to study the case of Taxol, a revolutionary drug developed to fight ovarian and breast cancer. The paper shows in detail how a data mining-based network model can be synthesised with qualitatively created event narrative to understand the development of a technology and its ecosystem. As a result, the paper shows an npartite network of Taxol drug ecosystem containing over 4,000 nodes and 11,000 edges. The network enables decision makers to understand the process, interaction of actors and lock-in mechanism in the process of technological development.