Ozlem Ucer

Value of Glut-1 and Koc Markers in the Differential Diagnosis of Reactive Mesothelial Hyperplasia, Malignant Mesothelioma and Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma Reaktif Mezotel Hiperplazisi, Malign Mezotelyoma ve Akciğer Adenokarsinomu Ayirici Tanisinda Glut-1 ve Koc'un Yeri

ABSTRACT Objective: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a primary malignant tumor developing from mesothelial cells lining the serosal surfaces and particularly the pleura, and has a very poor prognosis. It may display a variety of histological patterns and has a wide spectrum of cytomorphological characteristics, causing problems in its differential diagnosis from lung adenocarcinomas and sometimes from benign mesothelial proliferations. Immunohistochemical examination is the most useful method for this distinction. In our study, we aimed to determine the value of glucose transporter isoform-1 (GLUT-1) and K homology domain-containing protein (KOC) markers in the differential diagnosis of reactive mesothelial hyperplasia, malignant mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma. Material and Method: Our study included 30 samples of malignant mesothelioma, 30 samples of pulmonary adenocarcinoma and 30 samples of reactive mesothelial hyperplasia selected from the archives of the Fırat University Hospital’s Pathology Department Laboratory. The samples were applied GLUT-1 and KOC markers by immunohistochemistry and the place of these markers in the differential diagnosis was examined. Results: GLUT-1 was found positive in 80% of malignant mesothelioma cases, 83.3% of adenocarcinoma cases and 6.6% of reactive mesothelial hyperplasia cases. KOC was positive in 83.3% of malignant mesothelioma cases, 76.6% of adenocarcinoma cases and 46.6% of reactive mesothelial hyperplasia cases. There was no statistically significant difference between malignant mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma cases in terms of the diffuseness and intensity of staining with GLUT-1, whereas a significant difference was established when these groups were compared with reactive mesothelial hyperplasia cases. However, the KOC staining diffuseness and intensity results were similar to those obtained with GLUT-1. Conclusion: In conclusion, GLUT-1 and KOC markers do not differentiate malignant mesotheliomas from pulmonary adenocarcinomas but can be useful in differentiating reactive mesothelial hyperplasia from malignant mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma ÖZ Amaç: Malign mezotelyoma, başta plevra olmak üzere serozal yüzeyleri döşeyen mezotel hücrelerinden gelişen, oldukça kötü seyirli primer malign tümördür. Malign mezotelyomanın çok çeşitli histolojik paternler gösterebilmesi ve sitomorfolojik özelliklerinin oldukça geniş olması nedeniyle, akciğer adenokarsinomları ve bazen benign mezotelyal proliferasyonlar ile ayırıcı tanı problemleri yaşanmaktadır. İmmünohistokimyasal inceleme bu ayrım için yardımcı yöntemdir. Çalışmamızda reaktif mezotel hiperplazisi, malign mezotelyoma ve akciğer adenokarsinomu ayırıcı tanısında, glikoz taşıyıcı izoform-1 (GLUT-1) ve K homolog zincir içeren protein (KOC) belirleyicilerinin taşıdığı değeri belirlemeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamıza Fırat Üniversitesi Hastanesi Patoloji Anabilim Dalı Laboratuvarı arşivinden seçilen 30 malign mezotelyoma, 30 akciğer adenokarsinomu ve 30 reaktif mezotel hiperplazisi örneği alındı. Örneklere immünohistokimyasal olarak GLUT-1 ve KOC belirleyicileri uygulanarak ayırıcı tanıdaki yerleri incelendi. Bulgular: GLUT-1, malign mezotelyoma örneklerinin %80’inde, adenokarsinom örneklerinin % 83,3’ünde ve reaktif mezotel hiperplazisi örneklerinin %6,6’sında pozitif bulundu. Malign mezotelyoma olgularının %83,3’ü, akciğer adenokarsinomu olgularının %76,6’sı ve reaktif mezotel hiperplazisi olgularının %46,6’sı KOC pozitifti. GLUT-1 ile boyanma yaygınlığı ve şiddeti açısından, malign mezotelyoma ve akciğer adenokarsinomu olguları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu, buna karşılık bu gruplar reaktif mezotel hiperplazisi olgularıyla karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı bir fark bulundu. KOC ile boyanma yaygınlığı ve şiddeti açısından grupların karşılaştırılması ile elde edilen sonuçlar GLUT-1 ile alınan sonuçlara benzerdi. Sonuç: GLUT-1 ve KOC belirleyicilerinin, malign mezotelyomadan akciğer adenokarsinomlarının ayrımında faydalı olmadığı, ancak reaktif mezotel hiperplazisinin, malign mezotelyoma ve akciğer adenokarsinomundan ayrımında büyük yarar sağlayabileceği kanısına varıldı.

Chronic lymphocytic lymphoma and concomitant renal cell carcinoma (Clear Cell Type): Review of the literature

In the present report, a 73 years-old male patient who developed clear cell type renal cell carcinoma (RCC) 5 years after the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL) and plausible explanations for this association were discussed by the authors. The incidence of CLL and RCC occurring in the same patient is higher than that expected in the general population. Various explicative hypotheses of this concurrence include treatment-related development of a second malignancy, immunomodulatory mechanisms, viral aetiology, cytokine (interleukin 6) release from a tumor, and common genetic mutations. Further investigations are warranted.

Ghrelin in the pilosebaceous unit: alteration of ghrelin in patients with acne vulgaris

BackgroundGhrelin in the pilosebaceous tissues of human skin and ghrelin levels in patients with acne vulgaris have not yet been investigated.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to screen ghrelin immunoreactivity by immunohistochemistry in human pilosebaceous tissues of human skin and also to determine the quantities of ghrelin in the serum of the patients with acne vulgaris.Methods30 patients presenting with acne vulgaris and 30 control subjects participated in this study. Ghrelin levels were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Human hair follicles and sebaceous glands were immunohistochemically examined.ResultsImmunohistochemistry results showed that there is a strong ghrelin immunoreactivity in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands in sections of human skin. The mean serum ghrelin levels (27.58 ± 15.44 pg/mL) in patients with acne vulgaris was significantly lower than those of controls (35.62±20.46 pg/mL).ConclusionsGhrelin produced in hair follicles and sebaceous glands of the skin might participate in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris and also acne vulgaris in humans might be associated with decreased serum ghrelin.

Cytological and cytomorphometric characteristics of buccal mucosa cells from smokeless tobacco users.

Use of smokeless tobacco (ST) is increasing in many communities. We investigated whether ST alters the cytological and cytomorphometric features of buccal mucosa cells.

[Cytopathologic features of pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung: case report].

Pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung is a subtype of sarcomatoid carcinoma and essentially classified as a poorly-differentiated, non-small cell lung carcinoma. Being a very rare tumor, it constitutes 0.3-1.3% of all malignancies of the lung. Cytology reveals malignant fusiform and/or giant cells, accompanied by malignant epithelial elements like squamous cell, adeno or large cell carcinoma. Our case, a 76-year-old female patient, presented with chest and back pain. Thoracic CT showed a well-demarcated solid mass of 5x3 cm located peripherally in the left upper lobe of the lung. Trans-thoracic fine needle aspiration cytology showed atypical cells with a biphasic character in a myxoid matrix. It was noted that of these, some were poorly-demarcated fusiform cells with oval nuclei and marked nucleoli, while others were epithelial cells with eccentrically placed nuclei, large cytoplasms and macronucleoli. The patient was diagnosed as pleomorphic carcinoma on the basis of these findings, and the cytological diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology. Pleomorphic carcinoma is a poorly-differentiated non-small cell lung carcinoma, which poses diagnostic difficulties. As it is rare, it lacks decisive diagnostic criteria and has cytological characteristics resembling those of other lung tumors.