P.G. Moore

The breeding cycles of females of seven species of amphipod (Crustacea) from the Clyde Sea area

The life cycles of females of seven species of amphipod were determined from fortnightly sampling of sites in the Clyde Sea area. Three species, Lembos websteri, Corophium bonnellii and Bathyporeia pilosa, exhibited semi-annual life cycles with an overwintering generation producing a shorter-lived summer generation. The deep-water species Stegocephaloides christianiensis exhibited continuous breeding, as did the sublittoral species Gammaropsis nitida. The other deep-water species, Ampelisca macrocephala, exhibited a biennial life cycle. The littoral species Echinogammarus pirloti exhibited a reproductive cycle that was closely correlated with the abundance of its food supply. With the exception of E. pirloti and S. christianiensis, the reproductive cycles of the species studied were closely correlated with photoperiod. Environmental temperature was of secondary importance to seasonal variation in breeding in all species. A female bias in the sex ratio was observed throughout the year in four of the seven ...

Marine Amphipoda (Crustacea) new to science from the Tasmanian phytal fauna

Summary The following marine amphipods from the Tasmanian phytal fauna are described as new to science, Cypsiphimedia edgari sp. nov. (Acanthonotozomatidae), Austropheonoides splendens sp. nov., A. truganini sp. nov., Cyproidea marmorata sp. nov. (Amphilochidae), Mesoproboloides cruxlorraina sp. nov. and Raumahara judithae sp. nov. (Stenothoidae). Keys to the species are presented for appropriate genera.

The flora and fauna associated with Cladophora albida (Huds.) Kütz. From rockpools on great Cumbrae Island, Scotland

Abstract Data are presented on the taxonomic composition of the flora and fauna associated with the green alga Cladophora albida (Huds.) Kutz. from four rockpools (three high-shore and one mid-shore) from Great Cumbrae Is., Firth of Clyde. In addition, information on the annual cyclesoftemperature and salinity in the pools is given, as is an assessment of the ecological importance of various aspects of plant form (sand & detritus accumulation, frond twisting, presence oftubes of Fabricia). Diatoms dominate the epiflora of Cladophora together with cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). They are mostly confmed to the distal parts of the Cladophora filaments. 81 animal species from 21 groups were recorded, the dominant groups being nematodes and harpacticoid copepods. The majority of these meiofaunal organisms are micro-grazers, eating diatoms. The activities of so many grazers may assist the host alga to receive more light for photosynthesis. Five major modes oflife characterize the fauna: a) sessileanimals, b) ...

Cibicides lobatulus (Protozoa: Foraminifera) epizoic on Astacilla longicornis (Crustacea: Isopoda) in the North Sea

What seems likely to be the first published record of a foraminiferan protozoan (Cibicides lobatulus) epizoic on an isopod (Astacilla longicornis) is reported from material collected by divers off the Berwickshire coast (Scotland). Notes are also provided on other epibionts and a comparison is made with Astacilla from the Clyde Sea area which proved to have a much lower incidence of fouling. There, fouling was due largely to the entroproct Barentsia sp. and the hydroid Clytia hemisphaerica, not to Cibicides.

Taxonomic studies on Tasmanian phytal amphipods (Crustacea): the families Anamixidae, Leucothoidae and Sebidae

Three amphipods new to science from Tasmania are described herein as Leucothoe ctenochasma sp. nov., L. neptunea sp. nov. (Leucothoidae) and Seba chiltoni sp. nov. (Sebidae). The hyperadult male of ‘Leucothoides’ yarrega Barnard is described as Anamixis yarrega (Barnard) (Anamixidae). Range extensions are reported for Leucothoe boolpooli, L. commensalis and ‘Leucothoides’ yarrega. Leucothoella gracilis was also collected. The morphology of female and small male Leucothoe boolpooli is described. The Anamixis record is the first for the genus outside tropical waters. A key to the world Anamixis spp. in included.

Taxonomic observations on the genera Xenocheira Haswell and Ericthonius Milne Edwards (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from Australian coastal waters

The type-species of the genus Xenocheira Haswell, X. fasciata Haswell, is redescribed (including the true male) from Tasmanian material. Pirlots putative male X. fasciata from Indonesia is allocated to a new species, X. pirloti nom. nov. and K. H. Barnards ‘X. fasciata’ from the Great Barrier Reef referred to Grandidierella gilesi Chilton. Another Xenocheira species from Western Australia is identified tentatively as X.? seurati Chevreux. Two new species of Ericthonius Milne Edwards are described, one from Tasmania (E. tacitus sp. nov.) and one from Western Australia (E. coxacanthus sp. nov.). The first record of E. pugnax Dana from mainland Australia is claimed for material from Western Australia. The taxonomic relationships of these species are evaluated and discussed.

Seasonal cycles of abundance of the flora and fauna associated with Cladophora albida (Huds.) Kütz in rockpools

Seasonal data for one year on the flora and fauna associated with Cladophora albida (Huds.) Kutz from four rockpools (3 high-shore, 1 mid-shore) on Great Cumbrae Island, Firth of Clyde, Scotland are presented. A total of 131 858 animals was censussed. The mid-shore pool had a significantly lower annual mean density than the high-shore pools. Only at the most exposed site was a distinct seasonal trend apparent (lowest faunal density in spring, highest in summer). Species number showed no marked seasonal fluctuations neither did equitability. The lowest diversity was found in the mid-shore pool. Epiphytic cyanobacteria were present throughout the year. Diatoms were absent in the summer; possibly because of intense grazing by meiofaunal herbivores. The reduction in overall faunal density in the mid-shore pool was caused by the absence of large numbers of nematodes at this site related to the reduced availability of detritus and sand grains, perhaps reflecting greater wave scouring at this level on the shore....

A new species in the genus Grandidierella Coutière (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from an Australian solar salt-works

Grandidierella propodentata sp. nov., a third Australian species of the genus, is described. It was collected from among algae in a hypersaline lagoon in Queensland. Sexual dimorphism of the uropods is reported for the first time in this genus.

An enigma from Australia: a new variation on the corophioid theme (Crustacea: Amphipoda)

Aetiopedes gracilis gen. et sp. nov. (Amphipoda : Isaeidae) is described from southern Australian (Tasmanian, Victorian) shallow coastal sand habitats. The taxon superficially resembles an ampeliscoid having antenna 2 markedly longer than antenna 1 and peraeopods 3–4 with long, slender dactyls. The possibility is raised that glandular peraeopods may be a synapomorphy associating Ampeliscoidea with Corophioidea as sister groups. The structure of peraeopods 3–4 (merochelate), labrum (toothed) and telson (shortened) are all autapomorphies peculiar to the new taxon. Within the Isaeidae, Aetiopedes appears to be closest to Amphideutopus. The relationships of these taxa are discussed in relation to the hypotheses of Barnard & Thomas (1987) on the systematics of the Neomegamphopidae.

Three new amphipod species related to Hippomedon (Crustacea; Amphipoda; Lysianassoidea) from Tasmanian inshore waters

Three new male lysianassoid amphipods from inshore waters of Tasmania are described and illustrated, viz. Hippomedon rodericki sp. nov., ?H. adentatus sp. nov. and ?H. denturus sp. nov. All have setose rami on the third uropods. Of the three, only ?H. adentatus sp. nov. has calceolate antennae. Together with ?H. denturus sp. nov., it also has gnathopod 1 article 6 > article 5 and an elongate mandibular palp, which accounts for its queried generic attribution. Only H. rodericki sp. nov. has the ‘typical’ Hippomedon upturned tooth at the posterodistal angle of epimeron 3. The relationships of these new entities to other ‘Hippomedon’ species from the southern hemisphere are discussed. Revisers of the genus will need to weigh the significance of the novel feature combinations in these and other southern ocean species (now 20 in number) which substantially confound established generic diagnoses. A key to southern hemisphere entities currently ascribed to Hippomedon is presented.