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Featured researches published by P. Stanely Mainzen Prince.


Chemico-Biological Interactions | 2009

Cardioprotective effect of gallic acid on cardiac troponin-T, cardiac marker enzymes, lipid peroxidation products and antioxidants in experimentally induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rats

D. Hansi Priscilla; P. Stanely Mainzen Prince

Currently there has been an increased interest globally to identify antioxidant compounds that are pharmacologically potent and have low or no side effects for use in preventive medicine. This study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of gallic acid on cardiac marker enzymes, troponin-T, LDH-isoenzyme pattern, lipid peroxidation products and antioxidant status in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction in male Wistar rats. Male albino Wistar rats were pretreated with gallic acid (15 mg/kg) daily for a period of 10 days. After the treatment period, ISO (100 mg/kg) was subcutaneously injected to rats at an interval of 24 h for 2 days. ISO-induced myocardial damage was indicated by increased activities of marker enzymes such as creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase in serum and the levels of troponin-T in the serum. Increased LDH-isoenzyme bands (LDH-1 and LDH-2) were also observed in serum of ISO-induced rats. In addition to these diagnostic markers, the levels of lipid peroxidation products in plasma and the heart were significantly (P<0.05) increased and the activities of enzymic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase in the heart and non-enzymic antioxidants such as glutathione, vitamin C and E in plasma and the heart were significantly (P<0.05) decreased in ISO-induced rats. The level of uric acid in plasma was significantly (P<0.05) increased in ISO-treated rats. Gallic acid pretreatment showed significant protective effect on all the biochemical parameters studied. Histopathological findings of gallic acid pretreated myocardial infarcted heart confirmed the biochemical findings of this study. Thus, gallic acid protects the myocardium against isoproterenol-induced oxidative stress.


Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry | 2006

Rutin improves the antioxidant status in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat tissues

N. Kamalakkannan; P. Stanely Mainzen Prince

Rutin, a polyphenolic flavonoid, was investigated for its antioxidant potential in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Rats were rendered diabetic by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). The levels of fasting plasma glucose and insulin were estimated. Lipid peroxidative products and antioxidants were estimated in liver, kidney and brain. Histopathological studies were carried out in these tissues. A significant (p < 0.05) increase in the levels of fasting plasma glucose, lipid peroxidative products (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS] and lipid hydroperoxides [HP]) and a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in plasma insulin, enzymic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase, glutathione peroxidase [GPx] and glutathione reductase [GRx]) and nonenzymic antioxidants (reduced glutathione [GSH], vitamin C and E) in diabetic liver, kidney and brain were observed. Oral administration of rutin (100 mg/kg) for a period of 45 days significantly (p < 0.05) decreased fasting plasma glucose, increased insulin levels and improved the antioxidant status of diabetic rats by decreasing lipid peroxidative products and increasing enzymic and nonenzymic antioxidants. Normal rats treated with rutin (100 mg/kg) showed no significant (p < 0.05) effect on any of the parameters studied. Histopathological studies of the liver, kidney and brain showed the protective role of rutin. Thus, our study clearly shows that rutin has antioxidant effect in STZ-induced experimental diabetes.


Journal of Ethnopharmacology | 2003

Hypoglycaemic effect of water extracts of Aegle marmelos fruits in streptozotocin diabetic rats

N. Kamalakkannan; P. Stanely Mainzen Prince

Aegle marmelos Corr. (Rutaceae) is widely used in Indian Ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The hypoglycaemic effect of the water extract of the fruits of Aegle marmelos was examined in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Oral administration of the water extract (125 and 250mgkg(-1)) twice a day for 4 weeks resulted in significant reductions in blood glucose, plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, hydroperoxides, ceruloplasmin and alpha-tocopherol and a significant elevation in plasma reduced glutathione and Vitamin C in diabetic rats. The effect of the extract at a dose of 250mgkg(-1) was more effective than glibenclamide in restoring the values of these parameters. The results of this study clearly shows the hypoglycaemic activity of the fruit extract.


Journal of Ethnopharmacology | 1999

Antioxidant activity of Tinospora cordifolia roots in experimental diabetes

P. Stanely Mainzen Prince; Venugopal P. Menon

We made an attempt to study the antioxidant properties of Tinospora cordifolia roots, an indigenous plant used in Ayurvedic medicine in India in alloxan diabetic rats. Oral administration of an aqueous T. cordifolia root extract (TCREt) (2.5 and 5.0 g/kg) for 6 weeks resulted in a decrease in the levels of plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, ceruloplasmin and alpha-tocopherol in alloxan diabetic rats. The root extract also causes an increase in the levels of glutathione and vitamin C in alloxan diabetes. The root extract at a dose of 5.0 g/kg showed the highest effect. The effect of TCREt was more effective than glibenclamide. Insulin restored all the parameters to near normal levels.


Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology | 2004

Antihyperglycaemic and antioxidant effect of hyponidd, an ayurvedic herbomineral formulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

P. Subash Babu; P. Stanely Mainzen Prince

Hyponidd is a herbomineral formulation composed of the extracts of ten medicinal plants (Momordica charantia, Melia azadirachta, Pterocarpus marsupium, Tinospora cordifolia, Gymnema sylvestre, Enicostemma littorale, Emblica officinalis, Eugenia jambolana, Cassia auriculata and Curcuma longa). We have investigated hyponidd for its possible antihyperglycaemic and antioxidant effect in diabetic rats. Rats were rendered diabetic by streptozotocin (STZ) (45 mg kg−1 body weight). Oral administration of hyponidd (100 mg kg−1 and 200 mg kg−1) for 45 days resulted in significant lowered levels of blood glucose and significant increased levels of hepatic glycogen and total haemoglobin. An oral glucose tolerance test was also performed in experimental diabetic rats in which there was a significant improvement in blood glucose tolerance in the rats treated with hyponidd. Hyponidd administration also decreased levels of glycosylated haemoglobin, plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, hydroperoxides, ceruloplasmin and α‐tocopherol in diabetic rats. Plasma reduced glutathione and vitamin C were significantly elevated by oral administration of hyponidd. The effect of hyponidd at a dose of 200 mg kg−1 was more effective than glibenclamide (600 μg kg−1) in restoring the values to near normal. The results showed that hyponidd exhibits antihyperglycaemic and antioxidant activity in STZ‐induced diabetic rats.


Journal of Ethnopharmacology | 1998

Hypolipidaemic action of Tinospora cordifolia roots in alloxan diabetic rats

P. Stanely Mainzen Prince; Venugopal P. Menon; G. Gunasekaran

We undertook the present study to evaluate the hypolipidaemic effect of an aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia roots, an indigenous plant used in Ayurvedic medicine in India. Administration of the extract of T. cordifolia roots (2.5 and 5.0 g/kg body weight) for 6 weeks resulted in a significant reduction in serum and tissue cholesterol, phospholipids and free fatty acids in alloxan diabetic rats. The root extract at a dose of 5.0 g/kg body weight showed highest hypolipidaemic effect. The effect of T. cordifolia roots at 2.5 and 5.0 g/kg body weight was better than glibenclamide. Insulin restored all the parameters to near normal values.


Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology | 2006

Preventive effect of rutin, a bioflavonoid, on lipid peroxides and antioxidants in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats.

M. Karthick; P. Stanely Mainzen Prince

The consumption of diets rich in plant foods is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the preventive role of rutin on lipid peroxides and antioxidants in normal and isoproterenol‐induced myocardial infarction in rats. Subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (150 mg kg−1) to male Wistar rats at an interval of 24 h for two days showed a significant increase in the activity of serum cardiac marker enzymes (creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase) and a significant decrease in the activity of these enzymes in the heart. Lipid peroxidative products (thiobarbituricacid reactive substances and lipid hydroperoxides) were significantly increased and enzymic (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) and non‐enzymic (reduced glutathione and vitamin C) antioxidants showed a significant decrease in isoproterenol‐treated rats. Pretreatment with rutin (40 or 80 mg kg−1) to isoproterenol‐treated rats orally for a period of 42 days daily caused a significant effect. Administration of rutin to normal rats did not have any significant effect on any of the parameters studied. The results of our study show that rutin possesses antioxidant activity in isoproterenol‐induced experimental myocardial infarction.


Journal of Applied Toxicology | 2008

Combined treatment with naringin and vitamin C ameliorates streptozotocin‐induced diabetes in male Wistar rats

V. R. Punithavathi; R. Anuthama; P. Stanely Mainzen Prince

Diet and nutrition have substantial impact on reducing the incidence of diabetes mellitus, where oxidative stress is an important etiopathological factor. The combined protective role of low dose of naringin (15 mg kg−1) and vitamin C (25 mg kg−1) and high dose of naringin (30 mg kg−1) and vitamin C (50 mg kg−1) on streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced toxicity was studied in male Wistar rats. To induce type II diabetes mellitus, rats were injected with STZ intraperitoneally at a dose of 45 mg kg−1 body weight. STZ‐induced diabetic rats showed significant increase in blood glucose, water intake, food intake and glycated hemoglobin and significant decrease in plasma insulin, total hemoglobin, body weight and liver glycogen. Diabetic rats also showed significant decrease in the activity of hexokinase and significant increase in the activities of glucose‐6‐phosphatase and fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase in liver and kidney. The levels of plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lipid hydroperoxides and vitamin E were elevated while the level of reduced glutathione was decreased in diabetic rats. Glycoprotein components such as hexose, hexosamine, fucose and sialic acid were increased in plasma, liver and kidney of diabetic rats. Oral administration of high doses of naringin (30 mg kg−1) and vitamin C (50 mg kg−1) to diabetic rats for a period of 21 days normalized all the above‐mentioned biochemical parameters. The effect exerted by naringin (30 mg kg−1) and vitamin C (50 mg kg−1) was similar to the effect exerted by insulin (6 units kg−1). Thus, our study shows the antihyperglycemic and antioxidant effects of naringin and vitamin C in STZ‐induced type II diabetes mellitus in rats. Copyright


Journal of Medicinal Food | 2003

Effect of Aegle marmelos Fruits on Normal and Streptozotocin-Diabetic Wistar Rats

N. Kamalakkanan; M. Rajadurai; P. Stanely Mainzen Prince

The present study evaluates the antidiabetic effect of an aqueous extract of Aegle marmelos fruits (AMFEt) in diabetes. Female albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal (untreated), normal + AMFEt, streptozotocin (STZ)-treated, STZ-treated + AMFEt, and STZ-treated + glibenclamide. Rats were rendered diabetic by STZ (45 mg/kg) administered intraperitoneally. AMFEt (250 mg/kg) was given twice daily for 1 month. Blood glucose, plasma insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, liver glycogen, and change in body weight were determined. Food intake and water intake were monitored daily. An oral glucose tolerance test was also performed to determine the effect of this extract. The results show that glucose level and glycosylated hemoglobin were increased and plasma insulin and liver glycogen were decreased in diabetic rats, and that treatment with AMFEt reversed the effects of diabetes on these biochemical parameters to near-normal levels.


Journal of Ethnopharmacology | 2003

Syzigium cumini seed extracts reduce tissue damage in diabetic rat brain

P. Stanely Mainzen Prince; N. Kamalakkannan; Venugopal P. Menon

Syzigium cumini commonly known as Jamun, is widely used in different parts of India for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Oral administration of an aqueous Jamun seed extract (JSEt) for 6 weeks caused a significant decrease in lipids, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and an increase in catalase and superoxide dismutase in the brain of alloxan induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of an alcoholic JSEt for 6 weeks brought back all the parameters to near normal. The effect of alcoholic JSEt (100 mg/kg) was better than aqueous JSEt (5 g/kg). The effect of both these extracts was better than glibenclamide (600 microg/kg). Thus, our study shows that S. cumini seed extracts reduce tissue damage in diabetic rat brain.

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