Paola Lucena-Santos

Body-Image Acceptance and Action Questionnaire: Its deleterious influence on binge eating and psychometric validation

Background/Objectives: This study aimed to explore the psychometric properties of BI-AAQ (Body-Image Acceptance and Action Questionnaire) and the body image psychological flexibility role as a mediator in a pervasive path towards binge eating in Brazilian samples. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in clinical (overweight or obese women currently in treatment for weight loss; n= 330) and non-clinical (general population; n= 682) groups of women. Results: BI-AAQ has one-factor structure, excellent internal consistency, ability to detect differences between groups and measurement invariance across samples. It was also negatively associated with self-compassion and positively associated with binge eating severity, drive for thinness and self-criticism. Conclusions: This study provides data confirming the robust psychometric properties of BI-AAQ in qualitatively different samples. Furthermore, an additional study conducted in a clinical sample of women with overweight or obesity revealed that body image psychological inflexibility has emerged as a partial and significant mediator of the effect of self-criticism and drive for thinness on binge eating severity.

Anxiety and depression symptoms in women with and without binge eating disorder enrolled in weight loss programs

OBJECTIVES 1) To investigate the association between binge eating scores, anxiety and depression symptoms, and body mass index (BMI), and 2) to assess the presence of differences in severity of anxiety symptoms, severity of depression symptoms, and BMI in women with and without binge eating disorder. METHOD The sample comprised 113 women aged between 22 and 60 years (39.35±10.85) enrolled in weight loss programs in Porto Alegre, southern Brazil. The following instruments were used: structured interview, Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and Binge Eating Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS A positive association was found between binge eating scores and the severity of anxiety symptoms (p < 0.001) and depression symptoms (p < 0.001). No significant association was observed between BMI and binge eating scores (p = 0.341). There were significant differences between women with and without binge eating disorder with regard to severity of anxiety symptoms (p < 0.001) and severity of depression symptoms (p < 0.001). Conversely, no significant differences were observed between the groups concerning BMI (p = 0.103). CONCLUSION Our findings showed that binge eating is associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression, but not with BMI.

Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire—Body Image: Psychometric Properties and Its Incremental Power in the Prediction of Binge Eating Severity

ABSTRACT Given the clinical usefulness of the CFQ-BI (Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire—Body Image; the only existing measure to assess the body-image-related cognitive fusion), the present study aimed to confirm its one-factor structure, to verify its measurement invariance between clinical and non-clinical samples, to analyze its internal consistency and sensitivity to detect differences between samples, as well as to explore the incremental and convergent validities of the CFQ-BI scores in Brazilian samples. This was a cross-sectional study, which was conducted in clinical (women with overweight or obesity in treatment for weight loss) and non-clinical samples (women from the general population). The one-factor structure was confirmed showing factorial measurement invariance across clinical and non-clinical samples. The CFQ-BI scores presented an excellent internal consistency, were able to discriminate clinical and non-clinical samples, and were positively associated with binge eating severity, general cognitive fusion, and psychological inflexibility. Furthermore, body-image-related cognitive fusion scores (CFQ-BI) presented incremental validity over a general measure of cognitive fusion in the prediction of binge eating symptoms. This study demonstrated that CFQ-BI is a short scale with reliable and robust scores in Brazilian samples, presenting incremental and convergent validities, measurement invariance, and sensitivity to detect differences between clinical and non-clinical groups of women, enabling comparative studies between them.

Tratamento Cognitivo-Comportamental sinérgico de dependência química, bulimia nervosa e transtorno bipolar

Diversos autores julgam que o tratamento integrado/sinergico dos pacientes com comorbidades psiquia-tricas apresenta melhores resultados que a abordagem paralela ou sequencial. O presente trabalho visa apresentar um caso clinico de tratamento cognitivo-comportamental sinergico de dependencia quimica (de alcool e maconha), transtorno de humor bipolar e bulimia nervosa. Este estudo trata-se de uma pes-quisa qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso. No total, foram realizadas 10 sessoes de TCC, com frequencia semanal e duracao de 50 minutos e seis atendimentos psiquiatricos concomitantes, com frequencia quin-zenal. Ao final dos atendimentos a paciente aderiu ao tratamento farmacologico, diminuiu os comporta-mentos bulimicos, seu humor ficou eutimico e a fissura para o uso de alcool diminuiu. O tratamento descrito combinou a Entrevista Motivacional, Prevencao a Recaida, aconselhamento nutricional, farmaco-terapia e Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental para dependencia quimica, bulimia e transtorno de humor bipolar. Conclui-se que o tratamento sinergico foi util para a prevencao da recaida do alcool e reducao do consumo de maconha, alem de lidar com os sintomas e prejuizos decorrentes dos transtornos de humor e alimentar. Palavras-chave: Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias. Comorbidades. Estudo de Caso.

Induction and comparison of craving for tobacco, marijuana and crack

Background The literature findings report that use of multiple substances can produce adverse clinical and behavioral effects, which may affect craving and the results of drug treatment. Also, the understanding of craving construct and its interaction in the use of smoked substances is underexplored. Objectives To induce and compare craving for tobacco, marijuana and crack-cocaine on hospitalized dependents whose drug of choice is crack-cocaine. Methods Quasi-experimental study with a convenience sample consisting of 210 males divided into 3 equal groups (Group-1: craving induced by crack; Group-2: craving induced by tobacco; and Group-3: craving induced by marijuana). All participants met ICD-10 dependence criteria for cocaine/crack, marijuana and tobacco, were aged between 18 and 65 and had used these substances for at least one year. Photos were used to induce craving and self-report instruments to evaluate possible alterations. Results This study showed that craving for tobacco was more intense than for marijuana and crack, when the groups were compared by VAS. Using specific scales, both craving for tobacco and craving for marijuana were more intense than craving for crack. Discussion These results would imply interventions at the initial stages of abstinence with cognitive-behavioural techniques and pharmacotherapy in order to reduce craving.