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Featured researches published by Pascale de Robert.


PLOS ONE | 2014

Anthropogenic landscape in southeastern Amazonia: contemporary impacts of low-intensity harvesting and dispersal of Brazil nuts by the Kayapo Indigenous people.

Maria Beatriz N. Ribeiro; Adriano Jerozolimski; Pascale de Robert; Nilson V. Salles; Biribiri Kayapó; Tania P. Pimentel; William E. Magnusson

Brazil nut, the Bertholletia excelsa seed, is one of the most important non-timber forest products in the Amazon Forest and the livelihoods of thousands of traditional Amazonian families depend on its commercialization. B. excelsa has been frequently cited as an indicator of anthropogenic forests and there is strong evidence that past human management has significantly contributed to its present distribution across the Amazon, suggesting that low levels of harvesting may play a positive role in B. excelsa recruitment. Here, we evaluate the effects of Brazil nut harvesting by the Kayapó Indigenous people of southeastern Amazonia on seedling recruitment in 20 B. excelsa groves subjected to different harvesting intensities, and investigated if management by harvesters influences patterns of B. excelsa distribution. The number of years of low-intensity Brazil nut harvesting by the Kayapó over the past two decades was positively related to B. excelsa seedling density in groves. One of the mechanisms behind the higher seedling density in harvested sites seems to be seed dispersal by harvesters along trails. The Kayapó also intentionally plant B. excelsa seeds and seedlings across their territories. Our results show not only that low-intensity Brazil nut harvesting by the Kayapó people does not reduce recruitment of seedlings, but that harvesting and/or associated activities conducted by traditional harvesters may benefit B. excelsa beyond grove borders. Our study supports the hypothesis that B. excelsa dispersal throughout the Amazon was, at least in part, influenced by indigenous groups, and strongly suggests that current human management contributes to the maintenance and formation of B. excelsa groves. We suggest that changes in Brazil nut management practices by traditional people to prevent harvesting impacts may be unnecessary and even counterproductive in many areas, and should be carefully evaluated before implementation.


Nature Ecology and Evolution | 2017

Biocultural approaches to well-being and sustainability indicators across scales

Eleanor J. Sterling; Christopher E. Filardi; Anne Toomey; Amanda Sigouin; Erin Betley; Nadav Gazit; Jennifer Newell; Simon Albert; Diana Alvira; Nadia Bergamini; Mary E. Blair; David Boseto; Kate Burrows; Nora Bynum; Sophie Caillon; Jennifer E. Caselle; Joachim Claudet; Georgina Cullman; Rachel Dacks; Pablo Eyzaguirre; Steven Gray; James P. Herrera; Peter Kenilorea; Kealohanuiopuna Kinney; Natalie Kurashima; Suzanne Macey; Cynthia Malone; Senoveva Mauli; Joe McCarter; Heather L. McMillen

Monitoring and evaluation are central to ensuring that innovative, multi-scale, and interdisciplinary approaches to sustainability are effective. The development of relevant indicators for local sustainable management outcomes, and the ability to link these to broader national and international policy targets, are key challenges for resource managers, policymakers, and scientists. Sets of indicators that capture both ecological and social-cultural factors, and the feedbacks between them, can underpin cross-scale linkages that help bridge local and global scale initiatives to increase resilience of both humans and ecosystems. Here we argue that biocultural approaches, in combination with methods for synthesizing across evidence from multiple sources, are critical to developing metrics that facilitate linkages across scales and dimensions. Biocultural approaches explicitly start with and build on local cultural perspectives — encompassing values, knowledges, and needs — and recognize feedbacks between ecosystems and human well-being. Adoption of these approaches can encourage exchange between local and global actors, and facilitate identification of crucial problems and solutions that are missing from many regional and international framings of sustainability. Resource managers, scientists, and policymakers need to be thoughtful about not only what kinds of indicators are measured, but also how indicators are designed, implemented, measured, and ultimately combined to evaluate resource use and well-being. We conclude by providing suggestions for translating between local and global indicator efforts.Biocultural approaches combining local values, knowledge, and needs with global ecological factors provide a fruitful indicator framework for assessing local and global well-being and sustainability, and help bridge the divide between them.


Economic Botany | 2013

Seed Use and Socioeconomic Significance in Kayapó Handicrafts: A Case Study from Pará State, Brazil

Sol Elizabeth González-Pérez; Pascale de Robert; Márlia Coelho-Ferreira

Seed Use and Socioeconomic Significance in Kayapó Handicrafts: A Case Study from Pará State, Brazil. We conducted an ethnobotanical survey of seed species utilized in necklaces and other artifacts commercialized by two Kayapó villages of Pará State, Brazil. We also evaluated the local importance of these species and recent changes relevant to making handicrafts from local seeds. Fieldwork included participant observation, semistructured interviews, and specific interviews focusing on artifacts of 47 adults. The Index of Importance Value (IVs) was used to evaluate the importance, use, and knowledge of the surveyed species. Forty-two plant species are currently utilized. Of those, 32 were identified, being distributed in ten botanical families and 25 genera. The families Fabaceae (18 spp.) and Arecaceae (8 spp.) stood out for their floristic richness. Among the species with larger IVs, Ormosia flava and Sapindus saponaria were prominent. The exchange of seed knowledge between different generations and genders was also observed. The use of seeds as substitutes for industrially-manufactured glass beads enhances the value of traditional knowledge of plants and territories. The marketing of seed-derived handicrafts represents an alternative for income generation among the Kayapó Indians, while also promoting forest conservation.Uso de sementes e sua importância socioeconômica na confecção de artesanato Kayapó: Um estudo de caso no Estado do Pará, Brasil. Os objetivos deste estudo foram fazer um levantamento etnobotânico das espécies fornecedoras de sementes utilizadas na confecção de colares e outros objetos comercializados por duas aldeias indígenas Mebêngôkre-Kayapó do Sul do Estado do Pará (Moikarakô e Las Casas), e avaliar a importância local dessas espécies e as mudanças recentes relacionadas a esta atividade artesanal. Durante o trabalho de campo com observação participante, foram conduzidas entrevistas semi-estruturadas e por artefatos a 47 adultos em Moikarakô e Las Casas. Para avaliar a importância, o uso e o conhecimento das espécies levantadas entre os indígenas, foi utilizado o índice de “Valor de importância (IVs). Os métodos de trabalho e parte do levantamento dos dados e a coleta das plantas foram delineados e realizados com a participação das comunidades. Levantou-se um total de 42 plantas utilizadas pelos Kayapó na fabricação dos artefatos das quais, 32 espécies foram identificadas, estando distribuídas em dez famílias e 25 gêneros. Do total das plantas registradas, 32 foram levantadas em Moikarakô e 26 em Las Casas. As famílias Fabaceae e Arecaceae se destacaram pela riqueza florística, contribuindo com 18 e oito espécies respectivamente. Entre as espécies com maiores IVs se destacaram Ormosia flava e Sapindus saponaria. Foi observado o compartilhamento do conhecimento sobre sementes entre gerações e sexos. O uso de sementes em substituição às miçangas estimula a inovação e valoriza o conhecimento tradicional das plantas e do território. O mercado de artesanato poderia representar uma alternativa de renda interessante para os indígenas Kayapó favorecendo ao mesmo tempo a conservação das florestas.


Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas | 2012

Agriculturas amazônicas: cultivando plantas, saberes, paisagens e ideias

Pascale de Robert; C. Lopez

Estudos antropologicos e em etnociencias sobre agriculturas indigenas ou tradicionais tiveram um papel determinante no olhar das sociedades ocidentais sobre a floresta amazonica. Longe de ser um espaco ‘virgem’, intocado, ‘natural’, a floresta amazonica e reconhecida como floresta antropica, na construcao da qual os povos indigenas tiveram, e tem, um papel chave. Nessa perspectiva, lembramos, em particular, dos trabalhos de Darrell Posey entre os Kayapo, povo de lingua Je que habita no rio Xingu, e de William Balee entre os Ka’apor, povo de lingua Tupi que habita na regiao do rio Gurupi, como referencias essenciais para a tematica que nos interessa. Ambos os pesquisadores foram acolhidos no Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi durante as suas principais pesquisas1. O convite do Editor Cientifico do Boletim do Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi. Ciencias Humanas para organizarmos o presente dossie, “Agriculturas Amazonicas”, reforca essa ‘tradicao’ cientifica da instituicao, que continua vigente e pode ser observada em outros dossies tematicos2. Apesar dos fatores de mudanca atuais na Amazonia (pressao fundiaria, frentes de colonizacao e de desmatamento, expansao demografica, urbanizacao, migracoes, articulacao ao mercado, entre outros), os sistemas agricolas tradicionais continuam extremamente eficientes, garantindo, ate hoje, a subsistencia de uma populacao crescente e a preservacao de um patrimonio cultural e genetico cuja importância ainda e pouco reconhecida. Os trabalhos reunidos aqui testemunham a diversidade e a complexidade de tais sistemas agricolas e evidenciam a importância dos povos indigenas e das populacoes tradicionais no manejo, na conservacao e na construcao da biodiversidade e agrobiodiversidade amazonicas. Tambem procuram discutir os atuais desafios na busca de alternativas sustentaveis capazes de valorizar a multiplicidade de agriculturas amazonicas e avaliar as ferramentas juridicas, economicas ou culturais que podem contribuir para valorizar e proteger os conhecimentos tradicionais associados a biodiversidade e agrobiodiversidade. A maioria dos autores privilegiou metodos de trabalho que combinam levantamentos quantitativos e qualitativos, utilizando ferramentas adaptadas de varias disciplinas e desenvolvendo pesquisas de campo na escala das comunidades. O primeiro artigo nos leva ao mundo sumamente complexo das relacoes tecnicas e simbolicas que os Jodi, povo indigena da Amazonia venezuelana, desenvolvem com o seu entorno vegetal. Apos descreverem o ‘estado da arte’ sobre coletores e cultivadores de florestas tropicais, Stanford Zent e Eglee Zent questionam, e logo derrubam com argumentos etnograficos, analiticos e quantitativos inspirados nos Jodi, diversos preconceitos habitualmente associados aos sistemas de cultivo tradicionais, e mais especificamente indigenas. Com tecnicas que variam de acordo com os lugares cultivados na floresta, e tambem com as prioridades e com a mobilidade dos grupos, os Jodi manejam uma grande diversidade especifica e varietal de plantas cultivadas e semidomesticadas. A eficiencia do sistema em termos


Global Environmental Change-human and Policy Dimensions | 2016

Unsustainable landscapes of deforested Amazonia : an analysis of the relationships among landscapes and the social, economic and environmental profiles of farms at different ages following deforestation

Patrick Lavelle; Sylvain Dolédec; Xavier Arnauld de Sartre; Thibaud Decaëns; Valéry Gond; Michel Grimaldi; Oszwald Johan; Bernard Hubert; Bertha L Ramírez; Iran Veiga; Simão Lindoso de Souza; William Santos de Assis; Fernando Michelotti; Marlucia Martins; Alexander Feijoo; Pierre Bommel; Er Castañeda; Patricia Chacón; Thierry Desjardins; Florence Dubs; Erika Gordillo; Edward Guevara; Steven J. Fonte; María del Pilar Hurtado; Philippe Léna; Tamara Lima; Raphaël Marichal; Danielle Mitja; Izildinha Souza Miranda; Tupac Otero


Acta Botanica Brasilica | 2012

Conhecimento e usos do babaçu (Attalea speciosa Mart. e Attalea eichleri (Drude) A. J. Hend.) entre os Mebêngôkre-Kayapó da Terra Indígena Las Casas, estado do Pará, Brasil

Sol Elizabeth González-Pérez; Márlia Coelho-Ferreira; Pascale de Robert; Claudia Leonor López Garcés


Forest Ecology and Management | 2014

Brazil nut stock and harvesting at different spatial scales in southeastern Amazonia

Maria Beatriz N. Ribeiro; Adriano Jerozolimski; Pascale de Robert; William E. Magnusson


Archive | 2009

La spatialisation de la biodiversité : Pour la gestion durable des territoires

Jean-Louis Guillaumet; Anne-Elisabeth Laques; Philippe Léna; Pascale de Robert


Cadernos de Ciência & Tecnologia | 2003

RENOVAÇÃO DAS PASTAGENS POR AGRICULTORES FAMILIARES NA AMAZÔNIA O CASO DE SANTA MARIA, PA¹

Danielle Mitja; Pascale de Robert


Archive | 2010

From Amerindian Territorialities to "Indigenous Lands" in the Brazilian Amazon: The Yanomami and Kayapó Cases

Bruce Albert; Pascale de Robert; François-Michel Le Tourneau; Anne-Elisabeth Laques

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Philippe Léna

Institut de recherche pour le développement

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Anne-Elisabeth Laques

Institut de recherche pour le développement

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Danielle Mitja

Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária

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Michel Grimaldi

Institut de recherche pour le développement

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Iran Veiga

Federal University of Pará

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Marlucia Martins

Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi

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Raphaël Marichal

Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi

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