Patrice Zerbo

Free Radicals Scavenging Capacity, Antidiabetic and Antihypertensive Activities of Flavonoid-Rich Fractions from Leaves of Trichilia emetica and Opilia amentacea in an Animal Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Trichilia emetica and Opilia amentacea traditional Burkinabe medicinal plants were investigated to determine their therapeutic potential to inhibit key enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism, which has relevance to the management of type 2 diabetes. In vitro and in vivo antioxidant and antihypertensive potential and antilipidemia and antihyperglycemia activities in an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus have been studied. The antioxidant activity of the flavonoids from leaves of Trichilia emetica and Opilia amentacea has been evaluated using β-carotene-linoleic acid system, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl inhibitory activity, chelation of iron (II) ions, and lipid peroxidation which showed more pronounced antioxidant capacities of Trichilia emetica. Total cholesterol concentrations decreased in an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus under effects of flavonoid-rich fractions from leaves of Trichilia emetica and Opilia amentacea has been observed. Extract of flavonoid-rich fractions from Trichilia emetica shown maximum radical scavenging activity and possessed marked antiamylase activity which may be due to the presence of certain secondary metabolites. Suggested better antihyperglycemia, antilipidemia, and antihypertensive properties of flavonoid-rich fractions from Trichilia emetica compared to the extract of Opilia amentacea are demonstrating antidiabetic potential of Trichilia emetica as therapeutic targets for the management of type 2 diabetes.

Medicinal Plants Used for Neuropsychiatric Disorders Treatment in the Hauts Bassins Region of Burkina Faso

Background: In Burkina Faso, phytotherapy is the main medical alternative used by populations to manage various diseases that affect the nervous system. The aim of the present study was to report medicinal plants with psychoactive properties used to treat neuropsychiatric disorders in the Hauts Bassins region, in the western zone of Burkina Faso. Methods: Through an ethnobotanical survey using structured questionnaire, 53 traditional healers (TH) were interviewed about neuropsychiatric disorders, medicinal plants and medical practices used to treat them. The survey was carried out over a period of three months. Results: The results report 66 plant species used to treat neuropsychiatric pathologies. Roots (36.2%) and leaves (29%) were the main plant parts used. Alone or associated, these parts were used to prepare drugs using mainly the decoction and the trituration methods. Remedies were administered via drink, fumigation and external applications. Conclusions: It appears from this study a real knowledge of neuropsychiatric disorders in the traditional medicine of Hauts Bassins area. The therapeutic remedies suggested in this work are a real interest in the fight against psychiatric and neurological diseases. In the future, identified plants could be used for searching antipsychotic or neuroprotective compounds.

Antibacterial and Phytochemical studies of three Acanthaceae species used in Burkina Faso traditional medicine

New and innovative antibacterial drugs research from plants is a best strategy to overcome the world problem about bacterial diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in-vitro antibacterial activity and the phytochemical profile of various extracts from Hygrophila auriculata (Schumach.) Heine, Nelsonia canescens (Lam) Spreng and Peristrophe bicalyculata (Retz.) Nees; three acanthaceae species widely used in folk medicine of Burkina Faso. The inhibition diameter determination of the eleven bacteria strains and the Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) of the plants extracts and fractions were evaluated using standards methods. All extracts were also evaluated for their phenolic contents. The results showed that all extracts and fractions exhibited good bacteria inhibition and have a wealth of phenolic compounds. Comparing the MIC of extracts and fractions, E. coli (CPI: 105182) strain was best inhibited and N. canescens butanol fraction presented the best activity. As regard phytochemical profile, highest values of total phenolics, total flavonoids, total flavonols and total tannins were obtained with N. canescens fractions. The results could justify the traditional used of these species against infectious diseases. This study shows that these three medicinal plants and especially N. canescens are good candidate for isolate new et innovative antibacterial compounds.